Computer Self-Efficacy and Motivation to Learn in a Self-Directed Online Course

Despite the increased use of new learning technologies, there is still much to be learned about the role of learner characteristics in online learning. The purpose of this study was to examine how subjects' characteristics normally associated with effective training (i.e., initial motivation to learn and self-efficacy) related to learning in a self-directed online course. From an analysis of 190 respondents, computer and Internet usage prior to the start of class were positively related to individuals' computer self-efficacy and computer self-efficacy was positively related to learning. However, contrary to expectations, computer self-efficacy was not related to initial motivation to learn and motivation to learn was not related to learning in the class. Post hoc analysis of qualitative data enabled a rich explanation of the findings, including an evaluation of the unexpected relationships among the variables of interest and the nature of self-directed courses in virtual learning environments.     

The inclusive practice project in Scotland: Teacher education for inclusive education

While differences in national contexts are associated with variations in how teachers are trained and school systems are organised, the conceptual and philosophical problems of equity and inclusion in schooling are shared concerns. This paper describes how the structure and content of an initial teacher education programme for primary and secondary teachers has been revised to ensure that social and educational inclusion is addressed within the core programme. A rationale is presented for the development of ‘inclusive practice’, followed by a discussion of the reforms and an outline of the effects that are expected in the classroom practices of teachers in schools.     

构造常微分方程求函数方程的解

对数函数方程,达朗贝尔方程、双曲正（余）弦函数方程（组）等,用一般求解函数方程的柯西法,通常是比较困难和复杂的。但应用微积分知识及原理,先将其化为常微分方程的初值问题,再求解,则可使解法更为简化。     

科技期刊编辑初审评价的度量方法初探

编辑初审在科技论文的评审流程中占有重要的地位.针对编辑初审工作中的混沌管理及多种初审错位现象,讨论初审评价的可度量问题,建立了初审评价体系,并在此基础上提出一种层次化的初审评价度量方法.通过实例说明该度量方法在初审中的应用.     

Ideals of ITE students at the University of Glasgow

Analysis of a questionnaire completed by initial teacher education (ITE) students at the University of Glasgow shows a clear divergence between their personal and professional ideals. The students define their own ideals predominantly in terms of situations, like being married, having children or being happy. Their professional ideals, which comprise the ideals they want to pass on to pupils and their views about the ideal teacher, are mainly defined in terms of character traits, like being kind, honest and hard working. Another outcome that was different from our expectations was that, though the ITE has a Catholic mission, only a small number of students mention religious ideals.     

中国证券市场IPOs长期表现的实证研究

本文利用Fama—French三因素模型对1996年在上交所上市的71只新股的长期表现进行了研究，认为我国存在长期弱势现象，但弱势程度在逐渐减弱。接着从不同角度对样本进行分类，结果说明没有任何一种分类会出现强于大盘的情况。     

一些初等函数方程的特性

利用微分方程的初值问题研究了几类函数方程,得到了这些函数方程的一些特性。     

Development in early literacy skills during the pre-kindergarten year in Head Start: Relations between growth in children's writing and understanding of letters

Children's literacy skills are an important predictor of success in the early elementary grades. Education programs for at-risk preschool students target children's acquisition of specific literacy skills, including knowledge of letters of the alphabet, in preparing children for early school success. Writing has been proposed as a complementary approach to other instructional strategies for teaching young children about letters. This study examines relations among preschool children's early writing competence, knowledge of letter names, sensitivity to initial sounds in words and understanding of print concepts in a sample of low-income children enrolled in Head Start. Data were collected from the beginning to the end of the school year, which offered the opportunity to examine concurrent development of these early literacy skills. Results revealed that children whose writing was more sophisticated knew the names of more letters, understood more about print concepts and were more sensitive to initial sounds of words. There was evidence of bidirectional influences of writing on growth in letter knowledge, and of letter knowledge on growth in writing competence.     

地下洞室群三维有限元分析中若干问题探讨

概述了二滩水电站地下厂房洞室群的超大规模的、模拟开挖过程的三维非线性有限元分析，以及分析中的一些全新的处理方法．据此，对地下洞室群三维非线性FEM分析中若干具有共性的问题提出了看法、讨论与建议，包括：在地应力丰方向与洞室轴线不平行时，地下洞室群进行三维非线性分析不可替代性；地应力场的获得与校核对得出合理计算结果的重要意义：有限元建模中数值误差与理论简化相适应，以保证计算的合理性与可行性；开挖步骤的模拟对非线性分析中发现破坏位置和破坏时间必要性等．此外，对部分计算结果进行简要的分析．     

Spatialised metaphors of practice: how teacher educators engage with professional standards for teachers

Pre-service teacher educators, both nationally and internationally, must negotiate a plethora of expectations including using Professional Standards to enhance teacher quality. In Australia, the recent Teacher Education Ministerial Advisory Group (TEMAG) report highlighted weak application of Standards in Initial Teacher Education (ITE). However, recent reports suggest that many education stakeholders feel positive about the implementation of the Australian Professional Standards for Teachers (APSTs). This study responds to these differing viewpoints by exploring how teacher educators in a large metropolitan university in Australia account for the use of Standards in their work. Discourse analysis techniques in conjunction with socio-spatial theory make visible particular metaphors of practice as teacher educators negotiate the real-and-imagined spaces of regulated teacher education programmes. The findings highlight the importance of investigating the utility of Standards in the lived experiences of teacher educators, as they are responsible for preparing quality, classroom ready graduates.