试论公共政策制定中的公众参与

我国社会主义市场经济体制的确立、社会民主的发展、全球化的国际形势等,都要求我国在公共政策制定中实现更多的公众参与.公众不仅是公共政策制定与执行的重要角色,而且也是公共政策实施的对象,在公共政策制定过程中发挥着举足轻重的作用.只有让公众积极有效的参与到公共政策的制定过程中,才能提高公共政策的质量,实现公共目标.     

高职院校图书馆服务质量危机及对策探析

作者结合实际工作经验,具体分析了高职院校图书馆服务质量危机的表现及成因,初步提出了优化服务质量的几点对策.     

行政体制改革与内动力

我国改革开放以来先后进行过五轮行政体制改革,历次改革虽取得了许多重大进展,但并没有完全达到预期目的,行政体制运行中的顽症依然不同程度地存在.其中,一个重要而被忽视的原因是行政体制改革缺乏内动力,即作为行政体制改革执行者的政府部门及公务员本身对改革缺乏足够的内在动力.而行政体制改革何以缺乏内动力,这一问题症结又在于一个改革执行者自知却不可明示的原因--利益相关性.换句话说,行政体制改革中隐含利益悖论,即行政体制改革的显化公共目标取向与改革执行者隐化自我利益取向之间存在矛盾.因此,为使行政体制改革真正取得后续性成效,需要通过外动力转化为内动力的制度保障,对合理经济利益损失给予合法化补偿,开发非经济报酬的心理补偿效用,形成"激励-约束"对称和"报赏-绩效"对应的行政机制等途径,从而解决政府部门及公务员在行政体制改革与发展中的内动力问题.     

Do public subsidies and facility coverage matter for voluntary sports clubs?

In many countries, voluntary sports clubs are the main recipients of public subsidies regarding the provision of recreational sport, and the economically most important level of government is usually the local government (i.e. the municipalities). The purpose of this article is to examine whether and how municipal framework conditions matter for sports clubs. Inspired by previous studies, we examine the role of direct and indirect public subsidies as well as facility coverage. The authors conduct analyses on a general level (for all sports) and specifically for five sports (badminton, football, gymnastics, handball and swimming). The differentiation between sports allows us to examine how municipal framework conditions might be associated differently with density and participation across sports. In the statistical analyses, the authors apply data collected among all 98 Danish municipalities. The results show that the municipal levels of direct and indirect subsidies are weakly correlated with both the density of and participation in sports clubs, while stronger correlations can be identified with regard to facility coverage. The analyses for the five sports reveal that the supply of relevant facility types is – with few exceptions – positively correlated with sports club density and participation levels within each sport. Thus, facility coverage seems to play a more important role for sports clubs than the levels of indirect and particularly direct subsidies.     

浅析美欧公共电视发展的法律环境

本文讨论的是美国民营公共电视机构所处的法律环境,以及欧盟各国对公共电视发展的法律支持,旨在提供对国外公营广电的基本了解。     

Sport as medicine: How F3 is building healthier men and communities

Given sport has been largely absent from U.S. public health policies and discourse, the author suggests ways that sport can be better managed to promote health. Using a critical perspective and grounded theory approach, the author examined the experiences of 14 men in the grassroots recreational program, F3. Data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews. Based on the results, a conceptual model that suggests how sport should be managed to address illnesses related to physical inactivity is put forth. The resulting Sport as Medicine model indicates that Creating a Team Structure, Providing a Place to Be Accountable, and Ensuring No One is Left Out, led to meaningful Health Outcomes, including Physical Health, Mental Toughness, and Social Connections. As the distinctiveness of sport continues to emerge, the author provides a framework to consider how sport can be part of public health efforts to address physical inactivity. Thus, this work positions sport as medicine by pinpointing how sport can be managed so that holistic health outcomes are more likely achieved.     

社会治理视域下公众参与档案资源建设的内涵与模式

公众参与档案资源建设既是新时代社会治理赋予的必然权利,也是公众参与社会治理的实践表征.界定社会治理视域下公众参与档案资源建设的概念内涵,厘清三者之间的互动关系,归纳总结国内外公众参与档案资源建设的既有模式,对于明确当下公众参与现状和面临的困境并针对性地提出对策具有先导意义,进而有效凸显社会治理中的公众角色和档案力量.     

Rethinking Polanyi’s Concept of Tacit Knowledge: From Personal Knowing to Imagined Institutions

Half a century after Michael Polanyi conceptualised ‘the tacit component’ in personal knowing, management studies has reinvented ‘tacit knowledge’—albeit in ways that squander the advantages of Polanyi’s insights and ignore his faith in ‘spiritual reality’. While tacit knowing challenged the absurdities of sheer objectivity, expressed in a ‘perfect language’, it fused rational knowing, based on personal experience, with mystical speculation about an un-experienced ‘external reality’. Faith alone saved Polanyi’s model from solipsism. But Ernst von Glasersfeld’s radical constructivism provides scope to rethink personal tacit knowing with regard to ‘other people’ and the intersubjectively viable construction of ‘experiential reality’. By separating tacit knowing from Polanyi’s metaphysical realism and drawing on Benedict Anderson’s concept of ‘imagined communities’, it is possible to conceptualise ‘imagined institutions’ as the tacit dimension of power that shapes human interaction. Whereas Douglass North claimed institutions could be reduced to rules, imagined institutions are known in ways we cannot tell.     

基于微信公众平台的辅助课程系统的实现

微信作为新的交流方式给网络化教学带来了新机遇。本文提出构建基于微信公众平台的辅助课程系统的总体思路,阐述了系统的特点和可行性、辅助课程系统的设计方法、主要原理和关键实现技术。结果表明,该系统具有灵活性好、构造成本低、功能丰富、容易使用等优点,在教学中取得了较好的效果。     

论高等学校课程资源开发的社会学基础

总结社会学视角下课程概念的特征、论述社会学视角下高等学校课程资源的内涵,从理论价值和实践价值两个方面探讨高等学校课程资源开发的社会学价值,阐释社会学对高等学校课程资源开发的影响。