基于内容分析法的用户参与高校机构知识库的影响因素分析

机构知识库作为开放获取的重要实现途径之一,提高用户参与度和利用率是发挥其自身价值的关键所在。文章从用户视角出发,使用内容分析法,在相关文献中提炼出与用户使用有关的内容,对其进行编码,并按照用户类型分别构建资源提交行为影响因素模型和资源利用行为影响因素模型。在此基础上,利用该模型对我国高校机构知识库进行调研,建议各高校可从资源建设、功能建设、系统建设、政策制定和宣传推广五个角度进一步推动机构知识库建设。     

The characteristics of the school organization and the constraints on market ideology in education: an institutional view

The paper raises theoretical insights against central premises underlying the policy of parental choice and educational market from the standpoint of the institutional theory of organization. It discusses how the institutional theory may explain the barriers to diversity, responsiveness, and improvement, all of which are assumed to be driven by the implementation of parental choice reform at the school level, and it looks at what this perspective says about rational decision‐making. In general, institutional elements such as conformity to institutional rules, isomorphism, decoupling, and loose coupling argued to prevail in schools seem to be obstacles for many educational processes and outcomes ‘promised’ by advocates of parental choice and market in education. Implications for the study of parental choice and educational marketing are suggested.     

Merged Reference Desks in a Merged Library Environment

Abstract

A new library in San José opened on August 1, 2003. This library is the result of a unique collaboration between San José State University Library and the San José Public Library. The planning for this new library highlighted merging several key areas of operation, including Government Publications. Several years before the two libraries merged, the University Library merged government publications reference functions into the general reference service of the Reference department. Depository library status at the federal and state levels impacted the planning and implementation stages. This paper discusses the background, planning, and implementation of merging the reference service for government publications, first within an academic environment and then in the unique joint library environment.     

Transforming Indian farmers to reach the next level of the green revolution through communication of strategic knowledge and increased use of ICTs

Agriculture is an important sector of the economy in India as it provides employment to a large number of people and is concerned with the food and nutritional security of a huge population. Indian agriculture is facing several challenges ranging from farmers' debt, climatic changes, technological up-gradation, development of communication infrastructures for more effective extension activities and most importantly, bridging the knowledge gaps existing within India. This article examines the hurdles the Indian agricultural sector face and the potential of ICTs to aid and enhance agricultural development.     

ACADEMIC LIBRARIES AND LEARNING SUPPORT IN COLLABORATION

This article begins with an overview of Bournemouth University's pioneering Peer Assisted Learning Scheme (PAL) and describes how in 2005/06 the library became involved, collaborating with the PAL Coordinator to develop materials for use by PAL Leaders. PAL is intended to foster cross-year support between students on the same course. It encourages students to support each other and learn cooperatively under the guidance of trained students from the year above—called PAL Leaders. Two documents were produced to support and empower these leaders. The first, Using the Library for Your Research, provides leaders with key guidance information on the University Library, its resources and the services it provides. The second, Citing References Using the Harvard System, aims to explain and demystify the Harvard referencing system and to encourage good referencing habits in students from an early stage of their course through a practical hands-on exercise. Feedback from PAL Leaders continues to inform the development of these guidance materials, in particular the referencing exercise that was reworked to better suit the needs of the leaders delivering it.     

Feeding the Fledgling Repository: Starting an Institutional Repository at an Academic Health Sciences Library

In 2005, the Scott Memorial Library at Thomas Jefferson University started an institutional repository (IR), the Jefferson Digital Commons (JDC) <http://jdc.jefferson.edu/>. Originally intended as a showcase for faculty scholarship, it has evolved to serve also as a university press for original journals and newsletters, and as an institutional archive. Many lessons have been learned about marketing techniques, common IR issues, and advantages of an IR for a library. IR recruitment has come to be viewed as yet another form of collection development and has been integrated into all forms of the Library's outreach. Jefferson's academic health sciences environment has proven similar to other academic environments on issues of acceptance and participation.     

Involving the Library and Campus Community in Institutional Repository Projects

College and university libraries invest a significant amount of funding and staff time in institutional repository projects with the goal of collecting, preserving, and disseminating the intellectual output of their communities. Institutional repositories are often built without an expressed need for such a service; for this reason, libraries must actively promote them, educate users, and liaise with faculty to ensure success. Technical services and public services librarians have equally important roles in instituting and ensuring the success of institutional repositories in their communities.     

Crafting policies about controversial values: How wording disputes manage a group dilemma

Over a six-month time period a school board and its community discussed their district's strategic plan goals about diversity. This article analyzes that discussion within the practical theory frame articulated by Craig. Meeting talk and documents were analyzed to determine how the group's policy deliberation became an argument over what words to have (or avoid) in the strategic plan document. Proposals about document language were framed as technical editing, as inadvertent changing of a policy, and as wordsmithing. In addition to each frame being used, each was also challenged as to its being used to advance some group members' interests at the expense of others. Moving back and forth between using and resisting wording proposal frames, we suggest, is a reasonable way for groups to manage a dilemma they face in crafting policies about controversial, abstract issues. The paper concludes by identifying implications for dilemma theorizing and future study of groups.     

Tradition,tension, and transformation: a structuration analysis of a game warden service in transition

Independence and competence define the traditional characteristics of a game warden. External pressure to transform the game warden service into a more culturally and ethnically diverse state law enforcement agency, however, creates tensions surrounding these characteristics in the organization's structurationally defined agency and reflexivity of law enforcement; duality of structure in office memos and citation counts; social integration and institutional reproduction of law enforcement training, use of decoys, and search and seizure procedures; and time-space distanciation of working a 40-hour week or having complete responsibility for a territory. The present study examined how these tensions interact with the traditional assumptions of independence and competence to transform the meaning of these characteristics, and of the game warden service itself.     

Anonymity in Applied Communication Research: Tensions Between IRBs,Researchers, and Human Subjects

This essay examines the rather complex role of anonymity in communication research as revealed in the narratives submitted to this special issue. First, narratives were examined quantitatively to assess the prevalence of issues related to anonymity, with terms such as “anonymous” and “confidential” emerging most often. Next, a thematic analysis of the narratives suggests five tensions discussed in some detail: anonymity or (not and) confidentiality, over-promising and under-delivering anonymity, to sign and record … or not, named vs. anonymous vs. pseudonymous, and whether institutional review boards (IRBs) should be anonymous. The essay concludes with several applied recommendations for IRBs, researchers, and participants as they confront these tensions linked to the role of anonymity in human subjects research.