运动员的攻击行为研究进展

攻击行为是以伤害或损害另一生物体为目的,且该生物体想要避开的任何形式(身体、心理、言语)的行为。根据自2000年以来,国内外学者对体育运动的攻击行为( Aggression in sports)的研究,从运动员攻击行为的定义、测量方法以及影响因素入手,以展示运动攻击领域的最新研究成果,并对该领域未来的研究提出了自己的想法。     

旅游专业实习生情绪智力特征研究

文章使用情绪智力量表(EIS),对旅游专业实习生的情绪智力问题进行了问卷调查。结果表明:旅游专业实习生在男女性别方面,在他人情绪管理上的存在性别上的显著差异;在学历和家庭所在地方面,旅游专业实习生差异不显著;旅游专业实习生在是否独生子女方面上存在情绪知觉上的显著差异;情绪感知和他人情绪管理在实习部门上存在显著差异。提高旅游专业实习生的情绪智力,需要学校、企业和学生自身这三方的共同努力。     

Different Argentine Rural Extensionists' Mindsets and Their Practical Implications

Purpose: This paper reflects upon the practice of Argentine rural extensionists working in the extension public system through the process of identifying different rural extensionists' types of mindsets and comparing them with transfer of technology extension approach, dialogical processes of horizontal knowledge exchange, participatory perspectives and innovation system approach.

Design/Methodology/approach: A quali-quantitative investigation was conducted. Surveys containing closed and open questions were sent via email to rural extensionists. This allowed the researcher to identify their beliefs about different issues connected to extension practice. The sample was incidental (n = 219; 143 men, 76 women). Qualitative data was categorized and quantified. Finally, a two-steps cluster analysis was implemented.

Findings: Two types of rural extensionists' mindsets were identified, one of which relates to the transfer of technology approach and other to the dialogical/horizontal model, yet neither of them fitting the ideal of the most important extension institution of the country, which supports an innovation system approach.

Practical implications: Extensionists' practices and institutional ideals do not coincide. Reflexive training processes are required to make beliefs about rural extension explicit in order to build a contextually suitable extension proposal. Originality/Value: Through a quali-quantitative approach to the issue of rural extensionists' mindsets, this paper contributes to a better understanding of Argentine rural extensionists' practices.     

Let's talk evidence – The case for combining inquiry-based and direct instruction

Many studies investigating inquiry learning in science domains have appeared over the years. Throughout this period, inquiry learning has been regularly criticized by scholars who favor direct instruction over inquiry learning. In this vein, Zhang, Kirschner, Cobern, and Sweller (2022) recently asserted that direct instruction is overall superior to inquiry-based instruction and reproached policy makers for ignoring this fact. In the current article we reply to this assertion and the premises on which it is based. We review the evidence and argue that a more complete and correct interpretation of the literature demonstrates that inquiry-based instruction produces better overall results for acquiring conceptual knowledge than does direct instruction. We show that this conclusion holds for controlled, correlational, and program-based studies. We subsequently argue that inquiry-based and direct instruction each have their specific virtues and disadvantages and that the effectiveness of each approach depends on moderating factors such as the learning goal, the domain involved, and students' prior knowledge and other student characteristics. Furthermore, inquiry-based instruction is most effective when supplemented with guidance that can be personalized based on these moderating factors and can even involve providing direct instruction. Therefore, we posit that a combination of inquiry and direct instruction may often be the best approach to support student learning. We conclude that policy makers rightfully advocate inquiry-based instruction, particularly when students’ investigations are supplemented with direct instruction at appropriate junctures.     

中文维基百科编辑参与率低的原因分析及对策研究

维基百科是一部具有开放性、自由性、中立性和公众集体参与编撰的在线百科全书.网络百科全书的成功依赖于广大用户的积极参与和贡献.但是,在国内维基用户的编辑参与率不高.论文探讨了维基编辑参与率低的原因,有技术设施因素、网民心理因素和管理制度因素.针对其原因,提出了相应对策：降低门槛,让人们入门不难;提供服务满意度,激发兴趣回报社区;完善激励机制,精神和物质双重奖励.     

Testing a model of emotional and coping responses to problems in adaptation: Foreign students at a Canadian university

The purpose of this research was to develop and test a model of cross-cultural adaptation which proposes that adaptation to movement across cultures involves three processes: learning new social norms, matching behavior to these norms, and matching one's self-concept to the newly acquired behaviors and social norms. According to this model, adaptation problems arise when the foreigner fails in one or more of these processes so as to create various types of mismatches between the components of norms, behavior, and self-concept. Each type of mismatch was hypothesized to lead to a particular affective response and to be most effectively resolved by unique coping strategies which would restore balance among these three components. Successful adaptation, then, occurs when the foreigner uses the coping strategy which is appropriate to the type of mismatch problem encountered in the acculturation situation.This study tested the hypothesized relationship between mismatch problem, affective response, and coping strategy. Subjects were 40 foreign and 40 Canadian students at a Canadian university. They were presented with scenarios depicting five types of mismatches in hypothetical acculturation situations. Results showed that subjects' interpretations of these agreed with the mismatches proposed by the model. Moreover, their reported affective and coping responses confirmed the majority of the hypothesized relationships. These findings suggest the mismatch model may serve as a good framework for classifying diverse adaptation problems and for predicting the coping strategies which would effectively resolve these.     

System-wide improvement of early-grade mathematics: New evidence from the Gauteng Primary Language and Mathematics Strategy

This article reports on a two-year evaluation of the Gauteng Primary Language and Mathematics Strategy (GPLMS), an innovative system-wide reform intervention designed to improve learning outcomes in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Using data from universal testing of all learners in 2008 on a provincial systemic evaluation, as well as data from the 2011, 2012 and 2013 Annual National Assessment tests, this article investigates whether or not the GPLMS improves the numeracy skills of learners in early-grade mathematics in underperforming schools. Using as identification strategy, the natural experiment that resulted from a miscalculation of the provincial systemic evaluation test scores in 2008, which had been used to assign schools to the GPLMS intervention, the study shows that the GPLMS intervention is positively associated with improvements in early-grade mathematics performance of schools in the neighbourhood around the assignment threshold. The findings of the study contribute to the growing body of knowledge that shows the effectiveness of combining lesson plans, learner resources, and quality teacher capacity building.     

心理健康教育:素质教育的重要突破口

为了更好地全面推行素质教育，让人们感到有具体的可操作性，就得找好素质教育的　切入口。经过综合研究分析，心理健康教育应该是素质教育的突破口，学校体育教育是健康　教育的最佳途径，当然也是心理健康教育的最佳途径。     

新媒体环境下从众心理对消费者行为的影响研究

基于新媒体环境下的从众心理,构建影响消费者行为的因素模型,通过网络搜集和问卷调查等方式获取消费者行为数据,分析挖掘从众心理对消费者行为的影响方式及路径。利用AMOS软件对所建模型进行统计分析,计算模型中各研究变量对消费者从众行为的影响机制,提出相应的策略与对策。     

抛锚式教学策略与移情式教学设计并用于信息技术课程的探讨

抛锚式教学策略能够很好地培养学生解决问题的能力,移情式教学设计能够超越抹杀学生情感的传统的教学模式。对二者分别解释,并结合一信息技术课程案例,给出二者应用的具体策略和注意事项。