Cognitive Aging and Computer-Based Instructional Design: Where Do We Go From Here?

In this article, themost relevant literature on cognitive aging and instructional design is merged to formulate recommendations for designing computer-based training material aimed at elderly learners. The core message is that researchers and instructional designers do not need to develop special computerized instruction for older adults. Rather, existing principles of general instructional and multimedia design can be evaluated and used to accommodate the needs of elderly learners. Particular attention is given to John Sweller’s Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) and Richard Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML). It is argued that these instructional theories bear important benefits for older learners because they support an efficient use of available cognitive resources. New research directions are suggested to test the implications of these theories for learning in old age.

“教育科学研究方法＂课教学改革的探索

“教育科学研究方法”是一门理论性与实践性都很强的课程,我们对该课程的教学内容、目标进行了重新定位,并通过改革传统的教学、考核方式,充分发挥学生学习自主性,促使学生在学习过程中有效掌握教育科学研究方法的知识与技能,并在实践中有意识地应用所学知识解决教育教学中的问题。     

论日语写作中词汇层面的母语负迁移现象及教学策略

由于中日两国语言、文化以及思维模式的差异,母语迁移现象一直以来都是我国日语专业学生日语写作中普遍存在的问题,更是大学日语写作教学中的难题。从词汇层面分析了大学日语写作中母语负迁移造成的各种影响,尝试着提出了解决母语负迁移的策略,以期帮助学生提高对错误的监控能力,避免汉语负迁移的影响,提高学生写作水平和写作能力。     

活动理论视域下远程学习目标结构之建构冰

当前远程学习的课程设计普遍存在目标设计缺失的现象,这可能源于人们对远程学习目标“是何”及“如何”运作的认识不够,从而导致学习者面临学习失败的风险。探讨远程学习目标“是何”是研究“如何”的先决条件。远程学习目标结构研究,旨在探讨远程学习目标的类别及其关系。活动理论是一种重在把活动系统作为分析单位的分析模式,迄今为止经历了“中介说”、“层次说”、“要素说”三代发展历程,为人们重新认识远程学习的目标结构提供了新的视角。它提示人们可以从活动层中的“过程”与“结果”维度去认识远程学习的目标结构,并从行动层中提取描述远程学习过程目标的5个要素：主体、客体、工具、行为、时间,建构出远程学习“过程一结果”目标结构的分析框架。远程学习目标结构可以帮助学习者在学习之初对远程学习结果及实现结果的过程做出规划,为之后的目标实施及评价提供保障,规避学习失败的风险。     

儿童领域内的冥想研究

从冥想的一般领域切入,探讨了在儿童范畴内冥想的支持理论,在总结前人对儿童冥想研究的基础上,提出几点建议.     

Is academic tracking related to gains in learning competence? Using propensity score matching and differential item change functioning analysis for better understanding of tracking implications

This study analyzes gains in cognitive components of learning competence with respect to cohorts based on ability tracking in a Czech longitudinal study. Propensity score matching is used to form parallelized samples of academic and non-academic track students and to eliminate the effect of selective school intake. We applied regression models on the total scores to test for the overall track effect. Furthermore, we analyze scores and gains on the subscores and check for differential item functioning in Grade 6 and in change to Grade 9. While after 3 years, no significant difference between the two tracks was apparent in the total learning competence score, we did, however, find significant differences in some subscores and in the functioning of some items. We argue that item-level analysis is important for deeper understanding of the tracking implications and may provide the basis for more precise evidence-based decisions regarding the tracking policy.     

Instructional design for single information literacy sessions

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to describe how the Understanding by Design instructional design framework can be applied to design high-quality single-session information literacy instruction. The author describes the Understanding by Design process in detail, noting modifications for single instructional session design with examples from the application of this instructional design process to design co-curricular instruction sessions for undergraduates.     

现代图书馆职业倦怠现象探析

职业倦怠是每个在职人员特有的心理现象,图书馆作为服务性的机构,不可避免的存在这种现象,这严重影响到馆员和图书馆事业的发展。本文将从这种心理产生的原因、解决的方案两方面进行探讨。最后指出图书馆员应具有的心理素质。     

伊德技术哲学思想及其对教育技术研究的启示

美国哲学家唐·伊德(DonIhde)是当代技术哲学领域有代表性的人物,伊德在具体的生活领域中反思技术的意义,在经验和文化层次上探讨人类和技术物品之间的关系。伊德的技术哲学思想为我们理解教育领域中人与技术的复杂关系、为我们研究技术在教育中的应用提供了富有启发意义的研究视角。     

“教学设计”培训策略研究——中小学教师教学设计能力现状的调查与思考

教师的教学设计能力直接影响着基础教育新课程改革的推进和实施,是教师专业化的重要体现。本文采用问卷调查和内容分析法,以山东部分地区的教师和网络最新教案为调查对象,从教师的教学观念、教师对教学设计的认识和重视程度、教学设计一般方法的应用等方面调查分析了中小学教师的教学设计能力现状,并根据调查结果,针对性地提出了教学设计的培训策略。