Brief Research Report: The Message Behind Teacher Emotions

Abstract

We hypothesized that students use the message behind teacher emotions to interpret the cause of their failure and to form competence beliefs; hence, in failure situations teacher anger could be beneficial. In Experiment 1, participants made judgments about another student’s failure in the face of teacher pity versus anger. Lack of ability attributions were made and low competence was perceived, when pity was interpreted as the teacher attributed the failure to lack of ability. Lack of effort attributions were made when anger was interpreted as the teacher attributed the failure to lack of effort. Experiment 2 replicated and extended these findings by examining students responses to their own failure. Findings imply that expressing anger is less detrimental than many teachers suppose.     

Predicting Grit and Resilience: Exploring College Students’ Academic Rational Beliefs

Data were collected from 289 undergraduate college students at a minority‐serving institution to explore the impact of academic rational beliefs on grit and resilience. Findings from hierarchical regression analyses suggested that academic rational beliefs related to evaluation and work habits accounted for a significant amount of variance in grit. Work habits explained a significant portion of the variance in resilience. On the basis of these results, recommendations for future research and implications for college counselors are offered.     

From student to teacher: changes in preservice teacher educational beliefs throughout the learning-to-teach journey

Preservice teachers enter programs with beliefs about teaching and learning, constructed from prior schooling experiences. This longitudinal study examines preservice teachers’ K–12 memories, their initial educational beliefs, and the changes in those beliefs over their teacher education program. Analysis of questionnaires, interviews, work samples, and observations from six preservice teachers collected over a two-year period revealed that they initially believed that students were similar to themselves, that teaching was simple and autonomous, that students perform uniformly within grade levels, and that teaching ensures learning. At program’s end, however, they believed that students differ from one another and from themselves, that teaching is complex, that classroom freedom has limits, that differentiation is essential, and that teaching does not ensure learning. The data suggested a common progression from initial idealism, to cognitive dissonance, to a search for an authentic teaching persona, and finally, to confidence in their new role as teacher.     

语言学习观念与课堂活动

师生的语言学习观念存在分歧。以课堂活动为切入点,对60位大学英语老师和120位大学一年级的学生进行问卷调查发现:在所列课堂活动中,师生对绝大多数的课堂活动观念基本一致;师生间的观念分歧主要表现在纠错、课文解释、词汇学习、传授人生道理和听磁带录音等活动上。     

Rationalising for and against a policy of school-led careers guidance in STEM in the U.K.: a teacher perspective

This paper reports on teacher attitudes to changes in the provision of careers guidance in the U.K., particularly as it relates to Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). It draws on survey data of n?=?94 secondary-school teachers operating in STEM domains and their attitudes towards a U.K. and devolved policy of internalising careers guidance within schools. The survey presents a mixed message of teachers recognising the significance of their unique position in providing learners with careers guidance yet concern that their ‘relational proximity’ to students and ‘informational distance’ from higher education and STEM industry may produce bias and misinformation that is harmful to their educational and occupational futures.     

Relations between intelligence and the development of metaconceptual knowledge

Across two studies, we developed and tested a declarative metacognitive interview to investigate the effects of developmental level and verbal intelligence on children's metaconceptual understanding of processes related to concept use and object categorization. Metaconceptual knowledge developed throughout elementary school, with near ceiling scores for adults. IQ scores correlated positively with metaconceptual interview scores for all groups of children. Study 2 confirmed a relationship between scores on the metaconceptual interview and performance on a Twenty Questions task for which strategic performance was presumed to depend on such knowledge, though metaconceptual knowledge was most important when IQ was lower. Implications for theory development and hypotheses about how metaconceptual knowledge develops are discussed.     

The Things they Carry: Ideology in an Urban Teacher Professional Community

This article provides an opportunity to extend the discussion about teacher communities as part of complex school reform models, specifically centered on those communities whose membership is drawn on a semi-voluntary basis. Through a sixteen-month long ethnography, I document the activities of an urban teacher professional community (TPC) at a high school located in a large city in the Northeast, serving a majority of linguistically and culturally diverse students. Guided by Sharp and Greens definition of teacher ideologies, the study focuses on how TPC members negotiated curriculum, teacher learning, and student discipline, carrying ideologies that impacted the outcomes of the communitys work, originally intended to increase teacher collaboration and foster quality teaching.Jorgelina Abbate-Vaughn is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Curriculum and Instruction at the University of Massachusetts-Boston. Her research interests center on the possibilities and challenges that urban schools pose, on school reform approaches, on teacher preparation, and on e.ective educational approaches for low-income, culturally and linguistically diverse (LCLD) students. Address correspondence to Jorgelina Abbate-Vaughn, Graduate School of Education- Department of Curriculum and Instruction, University of Massachusetts- Boston, Wheatley Hall 2nd .floor, Room 99-04- Boston, MA 02125, USA; e-mail: jorgelina. abbate@umb.edu.     

关于中学生数学观的研究

章首先阐述了现代数学观的基本特征及其在近期数学教育中的发展状况。在此基础上，着重探讨了中学生数学观的生成机理，将中学生数学观分为数学知识观与数学学习观两个维度，进而阐述了两之间相辅相成的关系。     

‘Risky fun’ or ‘Authentic science’? How teachers’ beliefs influence their practice during a professional development programme on outdoor learning

Teaching outdoors has been established as an important pedagogical strategy; however, science classes rarely take place outside. Previous research has identified characteristics of teachers who have integrated out-of-classroom opportunities into their teaching repertoire; yet little is understood as to why teachers make these different pedagogical decisions. This paper explores the relationship between secondary science teachers’ beliefs and their pedagogical practice during a two-year professional development programme associated with the ‘Thinking Beyond the Classroom’ project. Using data from lesson observations, interviews, session questionnaires and field notes, six teacher case studies were developed from participants completing the programme. Data analysis reveals that teachers who successfully taught outside generally held social constructivist beliefs about learning and valued ‘authentic’ science opportunities. Conversely, teachers who were less successful in teaching outside generally held traditional learning beliefs and simply valued the outdoors for the novelty and potential for fun. All the case study teachers were concerned about managing student learning outside, and for the majority, their concerns influenced their subsequent pedagogical practice. The findings are discussed in detail, as are the implications for pre-service and in-service professional development programmes related to outdoor science learning.     

构建和谐社会下农村父母教育观念之探索

采用半结构访谈法,在河南省农村选取114名被试,研究农村父母的教育观念及其特点。研究发现:(1)农村父母在教育观念上明显重男轻女,文化程度越低表现得越严重,母亲比父亲有更多的重男倾向。(2)仍然强调传统的孝道教育。(3)认为影响学业成就的因素有三个:遗传素质、环境教育和个人的主观努力,其中遗传素质起主要作用。(4)对子女学历的追求不高,对子女职业选择抱有较高的希望。(5)对好父母、好孩子标准的认识比较清楚一致。