Rape Trauma Syndrome

When the topic of sexual assault is presented in high school and college health courses, it is mostly from a prevention perspective. Rarely do such courses include the mental and emotional health issues suffered by the rape survivor. Knowledge about rape trauma syndrome helps significant people in the victim's life understand the full range of reactions to the traumatic experience of rape. This lesson describes survivors’ behaviors and reactions after a rape, otherwise known as rape trauma syndrome. Included in this lesson is the federal definition of rape, a summary of rape trauma syndrome, lyrics to a song with relevant applications to the phases of rape trauma syndrome, and a rubric for grading a reaction paper related to the lesson. Three National Health Education Standards are addressed via the lesson as well.     

从创伤理论分析《藻海无边》中安托瓦内特的身份追寻

《藻海无边》是英国女作家琼·里斯的代表作,小说一经发表就引起了国内外学者的关注。目前大多数学者都试图从后殖民主义和女性主义分析它,本文试图从创伤理论分析安托瓦内特悲惨的追寻身份的历程,并指出克里奥尔人的尴尬处境。     

宅基地确权对不同代际农民工宅基地退出意愿影响分析——基于天津248份调查问卷的实证研究

基于2012年在天津农民工的问卷调查数据,运用Logistic回归模型,在代际差异的视角下,考察了相关因素对农民工宅基地退出意愿的影响.研究发现:是否持有农村宅基地证对于新生代农民工宅基地退出意愿具有显著影响,但对于第一代农民工而言,该变量系数并不显著.但从系数符号来看,宅基地确权对于农民工宅基地权益的保障具有积极作用;此外,还得出年龄、性别、教育程度、非农就业率和宅基地距离城镇距离对两代农民工宅基地退出意愿影响显著不同.在此基础上,得出相应的政策启示.     

对《洛丽塔》的创伤解读

作为创伤亲历者的纳博科夫,在其代表作《洛丽塔》中创造了两个同样遭遇创伤的人物——亨伯特与洛丽塔。创伤给三者的身心均带来了不可磨灭的影响。由于三者以不同的姿态面对创伤,最终拥有了截然不同的人生。积极应对创伤,便可获得美好人生,反之,创伤很可能会导致悲剧的发生。     

理解创伤:新冠肺炎疫情下的多元创伤记忆

2020年初,新冠肺炎疫情在国内大规模蔓延,影响到我国大范围地区和群体。这种重大公共卫生事件经由媒介化信息的再现重构,经过受众的信息接收及反应之后,逐渐演变成创伤性事件,并形成创伤记忆。为了应对重大突发情况下的创伤反应,在充分理解疫情期间社会不同群体的创伤反应的基础之上,尝试性地提出把创伤记忆以鲜活、有效的方式呈现出来,并采取多元化的方式修复和抚慰创伤。这对个体自我修复、社会心理救助以及重大突发事件应急体系的完善等具有重要意义。     

20例胰腺损伤的诊断与治疗

回顾性分析1997-2007年收治的20例胰腺损伤的临床资料,探讨胰腺损伤的诊断和治疗方法。认为,胰腺损伤早期诊断困难,应高度警惕;对怀疑或诊断为胰腺损伤者,应尽早手术探查,并根据损伤的部位及严重程度,选择合理的手术方式。     

“What to do when you’re raped”: Indigenous women critiquing and coping through a rhetoric of survivance

ABSTRACT

Native women and girls suffer sexual violence at the highest rate of any demographic in the United States—primarily perpetrated by non-Native assailants. In this essay, we explore how dominant Euro-American discourses regarding trauma, sexual violence, and indigenous peoples complicate this epidemic. These discourses individualize trauma, assign it an unrealistic linear timeline that presupposes a stable subject position, and ignore the experiences of women of color. Such rhetoric renders Native bodies as disposable and disguises structural oppression by blaming women for the sexual violence committed against them. Ultimately, we argue that rhetoric of survivance, which combines survival, endurance, and resistance to assert Native presence over historical absence and perceived oblivion, creates a space in which communities disproportionately affected by violence can simultaneously practice collective coping methods while also challenging dominant discourses. To advance this argument we conduct a rhetorical analysis of the illustrated handbook, What to Do When You’re Raped: An ABC Handbook for Native Girls, which was produced by a Native American women’s organization to address sexual violence. We explore how four central characteristics of survivance—infinitive temporality, storytelling, collective agency, and structural critique—assert Native presence and make visible the problem of sexual violence against Native women.     

Attachment style as a mediator between childhood maltreatment and the experience of betrayal trauma as an adult

Previous research has demonstrated a positive association between child maltreatment and adult interpersonal trauma (Arata, 2000, Crawford and Wright, 2007). From a betrayal trauma theory perspective, evidence suggests that the experience of trauma high in betrayal (e.g., child maltreatment by parents or guardians) increases ones risk of betrayal trauma as an adult (Gobin & Freyd, 2009). However, the mechanisms explaining these associations are not well understood; attachment theory could provide further insight. Child maltreatment is associated with insecure attachment (Baer and Martinez, 2006, Muller et al., 2000). Insecure attachment is also associated with deficits in interpersonal functioning and risk for intimate partner violence, suggesting insecure attachment may mediate the relationship between child maltreatment and the experience of betrayal trauma as an adult. The current study tested this hypothesis in a sample of 601 college students. Participants completed online questionnaires including the Child Abuse and Trauma Scale (CATS), the Experiences in Close Relationships – Revised (ECR-R) and the Brief Betrayal Trauma Survey (BBTS). Results indicated that child maltreatment is associated with adult betrayal trauma and anxious attachment partially mediates this relationship.     

Is there a Complex Trauma Experience typology for Australians experiencing extreme social disadvantage and low housing stability?

Traumatic childhood experiences predict many adverse outcomes in adulthood including Complex-PTSD. Understanding complex trauma within socially disadvantaged populations has important implications for policy development and intervention implementation. This paper examined the nature of complex trauma experienced by disadvantaged individuals using a latent class analysis (LCA) approach. Data were collected through the large-scale Journeys Home Study (N = 1682), utilising a representative sample of individuals experiencing low housing stability. Data on adverse childhood experiences, adulthood interpersonal trauma and relevant covariates were collected through interviews at baseline (Wave 1). Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify distinct classes of childhood trauma history, which included physical assault, neglect, and sexual abuse. Multinomial logistic regression investigated childhood relevant factors associated with class membership such as biological relationship of primary carer at age 14 years and number of times in foster care. Of the total sample (N = 1682), 99% reported traumatic adverse childhood experiences. The most common included witnessing of violence, threat/experience of physical abuse, and sexual assault. LCA identified six distinct childhood trauma history classes including high violence and multiple traumas. Significant covariate differences between classes included: gender, biological relationship of primary carer at age 14 years, and time in foster care. Identification of six distinct childhood trauma history profiles suggests there might be unique treatment implications for individuals living in extreme social disadvantage. Further research is required to examine the relationship between these classes of experience, consequent impact on adulthood engagement, and future transitions though homelessness.     

Intergenerational Narratives on Face: A South Asian Indian American Perspective

This study investigates the meaning construction of the South Asian Indian term izzat or face in intergenerational contexts. Interpretive thematic analysis revealed six themes. Key findings indicate: (1) for both older and younger South Asian Indian American (SAIA) generations, family izzat is of primary importance; (2) the motif of “respect” is central to both SAIA generations' in their narratives of izzat; (3) both older and younger SAIAs use the concealment-preventative and diversion-restorative facework strategies to save face. These findings uncover intergenerational communication challenges concerning the shifting boundary parameters of izzat in the diasporic Indian community in the US.