英语学习者中介语非语法性错误的分析和思考

本文通过对二语习得高级阶段学习者书面语言错误的分析,试图说明(1)大部分问题句子并非母语干扰的结果; (2)避免语法错误不等于二语习得富有成效。文章强调,要真正习得一门外语,必须习得其语言形式所依赖的语境知识,必须经过大量有效的语言输入增强语感,变被动知识为主动知识,最终做到对语境知识的内化。     

Role of public research institutes in national innovation systems in industrialized countries: The cases of Fraunhofer,NIST, CSIRO,AIST, and ITRI

Public Research Institutes (PRIs) were established for many reasons, such as to promote defence related research and health related research. Helping domestic industries remains one of the important missions for public research institutes even when the countries have industrialized and firms’ technological capabilities are high. PRIs aim to upgrade existing industries, especially SMEs, as well as spearheading new ones. They can conduct research to solve today’s problems of existing industries and those of next generation technologies which might lead to creation of new industries. Moreover, relationship between PRIs and firms and non-firm actors like universities became more intense, open, horizontal, international, and longer term. To reduce risk and uncertainty inherent in research mentioned above, intermediary roles of PRIs are increasingly important. The emphasis and the ways PRIs help industry change over time and vary across countries as they are integral part of national innovation systems. This makes generalization difficult, but the experiences of five leading PRIs in Germany, Taiwan, Japan, Australia, and the US shows that, the balances between contract research vs. longer term research with own initiative, mobility of researchers vs. retaining core researchers, and competitive grants and funds from industry vs. block grants from government are important to keep PRIs relevant to industry needs and maintain research standards. The governance of PRIs is of particular importance to maintain proper balances.     

The role of intermediation and absorptive capacity in facilitating university-industry linkages—An empirical study of TAMA in Japan

This paper analyzes two elements necessary for building an efficient regional technology-transfer system between universities and firms, namely, an intermediary organization and regional firms that have a developed ‘absorptive capacity’, touching in particular upon the tacit knowledge aspects. Based on an empirical study of the TAMA cluster project (in the western part of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area), which is a model project of the ‘Industrial Cluster Plan’ in Japan, we examine the intermediation effect of the TAMA Association and the ‘absorptive capacity’ of various product-developing SMEs. These two elements are interrelated because the participation of the product-developing SMEs is a prerequisite for the effective functioning of an intermediary such as the TAMA Association. Our analysis also shows that university-industry linkages and inter-firm linkages lead to different outcomes.     

生产力促进中心国内主要研究综述与展望(1992-2013)

生产力促进中心启动建设以来的20多年,在理论研究和实证分析方面形成了一些探索与成果,主要集中在境外同类机构的研究、定位功能和发展环境的分析、主要业务的凝练,运行模式和体制机制分析、绩效评价的理论和实证研究等5个方面,对指导和推动生产力促进中心发展产生了积极影响,但与同类科技中介机构相比仍然存在一定的差距。在综述和比较分析的基础上,对下一步研究方向形成了具体的建议。     

大学生主观幸福感的实证研究

不同的个人背景对大学生主观幸福感影响不同。主观幸福感是一个动态系统,由幸福储备、幸福收入和幸福中介组成。其中,幸福中介在幸福储备和幸福收入之间发挥着驱动力作用。大学生主观幸福感可以简要定义为：知足和愉快。     

基于博弈实验的信息资源共享中需求方与中介关系研究

分析信息资源共享过程中信息资源需求方与中介之间的博弈关系,对于中介经营活动的决策、宏观管理部门的政策制定具有理论指导意义。文章应用博弈理论构建了资源需求方与中介的博弈模型,在对模型进行求解的基础上分析了博弈的基本特征,最后提出了促进信息共享行为的策略建议。     

Enhancing the participation of immigrant families in schools through Intermediary Organizations? The case of Parents’ Associations in Catalonia

This paper discusses the results of an action-research project developed in a federation of Parents Associations (PAs) in Catalonia, aimed at helping PAs involve immigrant families. First, I nuance the idea of participation in schools to highlight some of the problems associated with participative initiatives targeting ‘hard to reach’ parents. Then, I borrow the notion of Intermediary Organizations (IOs) to assess in what ways PAs may be able to become a valuable resource to help schools involve immigrant parents. In this regard, I analyse the situation of Pas located in multicultural contexts. Then, three specific PA projects are discussed to illustrate PA’s strengths and weaknesses when leading their own projects. In conclusion, I argue that, in order to work as truly IOs, PAs must: (a) build on the experiences of successful PAs leading projects; (b) strengthen their organizational closure; and (c) lessen their responsibility to carry on important school services.     

教育中介组织生存与发展的合理性阐释——基于交易成本经济学的视角

笔者根据威廉姆森的交易成本经济学理论,分析了教育中介组织与市场经济领域的中介组织之间的可比性,同时用理想的数理模型对完全市场化组织、政府纵向一体化组织以及教育中介组织三种教育服务供给主体做了理论假设上的比较分析.结论显示:教育服务这一准公共产品的资产专有性在某一临界范围内时,教育中介组织能够通过释放其多重社会服务功能节约交易成本,从而使教育服务供给的单位总成本最小化.因此,本文为教育中介组织的生存与发展空间提供了一种合理的理论解释与现实分析.     

知识产权保护对高技术企业创新投入的影响研究——新技术和新产品的中介作用

基于我国2012-2018年省级数据,研究知识产权保护通过对创新成果权益的保护进而激发高技术企业创新活力的机理和作用路径.研究表明,知识产权保护通过对高技术企业新技术、新成果的保障激发高技术企业增加创新投入.知识产权保护通过两条路径间接作用于高技术企业创新投入.一是知识产权保护通过对新技术的影响间接作用于高技术企业创新...     

浅析江西农信中间业务之自助渠道对接

通过自助渠道为用户提供各类丰富的中间业务能够节省服务成本、延长服务时间、拓展业务网络、提高客户满意度,因而具有十分重要的意义。江西省农村信用社审时度势,推进金融产品创新,致力于将中间业务与自助渠道对接,以满足广大客户需求,提高业务收入和市场占有率。本文首先阐明银行发展自助渠道的重要意义,其次介绍江西省农村信用社提供的各类中间业务以及当前与自助渠道的对接状况,最后通过代收代付类中间业务举例说明对接的详细流程。