教学指导方式多样化策略的实证研究——以两节数学示范课为例

有效教学的实施应该关注学生多样化、个性化的学习方式,因而离不开教师多样化的教学指导.对两节示范课"参数方程"和"梯形的中位线"的研究发现:经验丰富的优秀教师在教学中也同样存在一些不足.在对待"教学是一门有遗憾的艺术"的现象时,应该"吸其所长,避其所短",可以从必要性、整体性、灵活性、合理性的视角去关注和思考教学指导方式的多样性问题,促进教与学的共同发展.     

中国的国际观及其外交行为

一国的国际观不仅决定了它如何看世界、如何看自己,而且决定了它外交政策的倾向性.对中国而言如何看世界就是如何看西方国家.近30年随着中国对外开放和经济实力的上升,中国的国际观有了一些变化,但百多年的历史记忆和经验使得中国在与西方国家交往、发展关系时又要反对、排斥西方国家,中国看世界的崇拜、排斥、轻视,看自己的自傲、自负和自卑心态在对外交往中时有体现.     

Problems in the Training of Research Workers

ABSTRACT

The authors examined the nature of dominant students in Grades 3–5 in a midwestern school system in the United States. Previous research has indicated 2 ways a student may gain dominance—through bullying and prosocial behaviors. A cluster analysis for dominant children was conducted using social interdependence attitude scores, children's self-reports of bullying and prosocial behaviors, and teacher reports of bullying and prosocial behaviors. Dominant children were clustered into cooperative-prosocial, competitive-aggressive, and individualistic groups. Competitive-aggressive children received higher teacher ratings of dominance than did cooperative-prosocial children, there was no significant among the clusters on perceived leadership by peers, and cooperative-prosocial children tended to have teachers who used more cooperative learning in their classroom.     

年轻英语教师语音教学信念与行为的对比分析

语音是学习语言的基础和提高语言整体水平的重要切入点。由于影响语音学习因素的多样性和复杂性,使得语音教学从来都是英语教学的薄弱环节。教师作为教学活动的组织者和领导者,在语音教学过程中起主导作用。本研究的目的在于揭示教师的语音教学信念及其语音教学信念与教学行为间的关系,观察二者是否一致,并探究其原因。     

Gender Differences in Coaching Philosophy: The Case of Female Basketball Teams

Abstract

With the advent of Title IX, the proportion of female participants in interscholastic sport has risen sharply while the proportion of female coaches has dropped precipitously. This paper seeks to determine whether there are any differences in coaching philosophy by gender. Questionnaires were sent to the coaches of 600 high school girls' basketball teams selected randomly from the 48 contiguous states. There were 250 usable ones returned for a response rate of 42%. The questionnaires included items designed to assess the attitudes and behaviors of coaches in five areas of coaching philosophy: (1) the coach's role in the overall development of athletes; (2) conditions believed essential to maximize team performance; (3) team rules used; (4) use of sports aphorisms; and (5) expectations of athletes. Summing the findings, we found that in 83 of the 100 comparisons there were no statistical differences in the means of the male and female coaches. In the 17 instances where there were statistically significant differences, 14 times the female coaches were on the more traditional side. Several possible explanations for this interesting finding are discussed.     

Leadership Reflections: Organizational Culture

Abstract

Organizations function as small societies with their unique behaviors, patterns, and communication. Organizational culture describes how individuals work within libraries and the patterns, assumptions, values, attitudes, and behavior that help an organization to operate within its environment and achieve, or not achieve, its mission. Effective leaders must understand the operational framework of their libraries in order to be successful in managing or to change the culture in support of strategic goals. Changing the culture of an organization is difficult and a long-term process with a realistic understanding of the current behaviors and a determined vision for how an organization should work. There are some specific strategies that may aid leaders in transforming a library culture into a productive and effective set of behaviors that will contribute to a library’s success.     

An Information Needs Assessment of School Nurses in a Metropolitan County

ABSTRACT

School nurses are an integral though often underserved population within the health care and education professions. To develop an effective outreach program for this group, an academic health sciences library conducted an information needs assessment of public school nurses in Tulsa County, Oklahoma. An online survey collected perceptions regarding information needs and behaviors, and a focus group session further explored the survey results. The assessment revealed that school nurses frequently require specific types of information to perform their responsibilities and face challenges accessing and integrating research into their daily practice. This article presents the implications and results of this assessment.     

Friendship similarities in internalizing problems in early childhood

A key factor identified in friendship formation and stability is similarity. Homophily of externalizing problems has been reported frequently, but less attention has been directed at homophily of internalizing problems. Whether young children who are friends resemble each other in their internalizing problems is thus largely unknown. In order to increase understanding of the social risk factors implicated in the etiology of internalizing problems, it is important to establish whether internalizing problems cluster in friendships. The present study examines homophily of internalizing problems while controlling for externalizing problems in a sample of children aged 4–8.