Gender and IT in the Household: Evolving Patterns of Internet Use in the United States

Information technology (IT)—computers and related technologies—is the latest technology to enter the household. Like other technologies, gender is a major factor in its adoption and use as well as its perceived usefulness. Unlike prior household technologies, the computer's entry into the household has followed a different pattern. Early statistics revealed a vast gender divide, with men using computers and related technologies much more in the household. More recent statistics show a narrowing of the divide, perhaps even a reversal, particularly in the United States, with women outnumbering men in the access to and use of the Internet. In this article, the role of gender and its relationship with Internet use in the home are reviewed. In addition to overall adoption and access, the review focuses on specific Internet applications and examines the factors that contribute to gender differences in adoption and use of computers and Internet applications in the home.     

网络环境下的教育调查与ASP

教育现象的研究少不了科学客观的调查方法。基于网络环境的教育调查有着自身的规定性和其独特性。我们在利用ASP与ADO配合VBScript及JavaScript等网络技术针对教育调查设计基于浏览器的电子问卷时，应当注意几个关键问题。使教育调查更有效地发挥其作用。     

“互联网+”背景下的网络文化产业生态治理

基于生态学视角探索网络文化产业在"互联网+"背景下的产业生态结构与现代化治理是一个新思路。通过对北京、上海、广州、深圳和杭州等五大城市599份有效问卷进行实证分析验证了网络文化产业生态系统的存在,并解构为内生态主体与外生态环境两部分;发现网民在当前中国网络文化产业发展中的作用偏弱,而且与其他内生态主体及外生态环境是疏离的,缺乏有效互动;技术因素在网络文化产业发展过程中影响力相对最低,反映出目前影响我国网络文化产业发展的主要阻滞并不在技术环节;政府的标准化路径系数最高,表明当前中国网络文化产业仍处于政府主导的生态系统。在"大云平移"时代,对网络文化产业的治理需建立"互联网思维"下的多元主体生态治理体系。     

A Cross-National Study of Computer News Sites: Global News, Local Sites

The Internet is not only an object of and a tool for study; it is also both simultaneously global and local. In order to address how global and how local it is, this study compares the news content of 1 week from four different computer news web sites in four different countries (using four different languages). These sites use the same code base and all strive to be the same in terms of computer culture. They are global in their reach and in the news they cover, yet they are all local in terms of language and geography. They are ideal locales to study how forces of the global and the local play out on the highly connected Internet, using Google language tools for translation. Findings were surprising in that they showed very little in terms of a pattern of any sort. This is similar to a 1953 UNESCO study of newspapers, but strange in that given the passing of 50 years and the connectedness of the Internet, greater overlap was expected. Link destinations for stories that were on more than one site were also examined, and the Japanese site had more in common with the American site while the two European sites were more alike in this lens. This is also surprising, given that an East/West split was expected. Little work in this specific area was found, and this study highlights some of the questions and methodological difficulties that need to be addressed.     

细化Intranet安全

分析了利用防火墙将Internet接入Intranet模式的局限性及其存在的问题，提出了将Intranet中资源的安全要求深入细化的思想，即把资源分成不同级别，在各个级别中规定每种资源的访问权限，给出了相应的模型和实现方式。     

美国和欧盟的数据隐私保护策略

Internet用户对数据隐私问题日益关注，对隐私的担忧是用户使用的主要障碍。有效的数据隐私保护对Internet产业的发展极为重要。本文对美国和欧盟的数据隐私保护策略进行了介绍，以期对我国的数据隐私保护起借鉴作用。     

The expanding role of university patenting in the life sciences: assessing the importance of experience and connectivity

We extend debates about the sources of university capabilities at research commercialization. Drawing upon quantitative data for a panel of 89 research-intensive US universities and interview data from two academic licensing offices, we model the relationship between technology transfer experience, embeddedness in biotechnology industry networks, basic science quality and capacity, and citation impact measures of university life science patents. Technology licensing officers draw upon the expertise of corporate partners to evaluate the potential impact of invention disclosures. The information gleaned through network ties to industry enables well-connected institutions to develop higher impact patent portfolios. Reaping the benefits of such connections, however, requires experience in balancing academic and corporate priorities to avoid the danger of ‘capture’ by industrial interests as overly tight connections limit patent impact. This pattern of diminishing returns to connectivity is robust across multiple citation measures of patent quality.     

我国数字图书馆研究中网络和数据库建设

中国数字图书馆工程已经正式启动 ,进入实质性操作阶段。数字图书馆最深层的本质是资源共建共享 ,文献数字化是其发展的必由之路。数字化、网络化一起构成数字图书馆的基本特征。网络和数据库建设是中国数字图书馆的基本建设     

环境无害化技术信息共享系统建设

针对目前国内外环境无害化技术推广与交流存在的主要障碍，首次提出环境无害化技术信息分类与编码标准，并在此基础上建立了环境无害化信息共享系统，实现了环境无害化技术信息动态收集与查询检索。本系统的建立将为国内外环境无害化技术研发者、生产企业与用户提供一个交流信息的公共窗口，在行业内部及工业界也环境无害化技术信息持有者之间建立稳定信息联系。它的实施必将缓解我国环境无害化技术信息条块分割、交流不畅的问题，具有不可低估的经济效益与社会效益。     

网络信息环境(市场)培育

本文以文化信息资源共享工程为例，从管理、服务人手，引进“文化营销”理念及促进网络信息环境的(市场)可持续发展．