网络时代医学书评的资源建设与发布推广

医学书评关注的是医学图书中学术思想及理论知识界的最新动态,推荐最新学术成果,所评医学图书必须具有学术传承价值并能直面医学发展中遇到的新问题及新挑战。对于医学院校图书馆的资源建设来说,书评可以说是医学知识积累与发展的助推器。本文梳理了中国医科院图书馆近20年医学专家书评工作,介绍了中国医科院图书馆医学书评资源建设的经验,还探索了书评网络平台发布与推广的方式。     

Comorbidity of PTSD in anxiety and depressive disorders: Prevalence and shared risk factors

The present study aims to assess comorbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in anxiety and depressive disorders and to determine whether childhood trauma types and other putative independent risk factors for comorbid PTSD are unique to PTSD or shared with anxiety and depressive disorders. The sample of 2402 adults aged 18–65 included healthy controls, persons with a prior history of affective disorders, and persons with a current affective disorder. These individuals were assessed at baseline (T0) and 2 (T2) and 4 years (T4) later. At each wave, DSM-IV-TR based anxiety and depressive disorder, neuroticism, extraversion, and symptom severity were assessed. Childhood trauma was measured at T0 with an interview and at T4 with a questionnaire, and PTSD was measured with a standardized interview at T4. Prevalence of 5-year recency PTSD among anxiety and depressive disorders was 9.2%, and comorbidity, in particular with major depression, was high (84.4%). Comorbidity was associated with female gender, all types of childhood trauma, neuroticism, (low) extraversion, and symptom severity. Multivariable significant risk factors (i.e., female gender and child sexual and physical abuse) were shared among anxiety and depressive disorders. Our results support a shared vulnerability model for comorbidity of anxiety and depressive disorders with PTSD. Routine assessment of PTSD in patients with anxiety and depressive disorders seems warranted.     

Musing on the memes of open and distance education

Just as genes propagate themselves in the gene pool by leaping from body to body, so memes (ideas, behaviours, and actions) transmit cultural ideas or practices from one mind to another through writing, speech, or other imitable phenomena. This paper considers the memes that influence the evolution of open and distance education. If the transmission is strong and a sufficient number of policy-makers, managers, or practitioners in various contexts are capable of faithful imitation, the meme pool will evolve to exploit these memes to the full. If the propagation is weak, this may give rise to little or no imitation of the necessary philosophical stances, service orientations, and operational capacities.     

Early-married and sexually abused girls differ in their psychiatric outcomes

Early marriage and sexual abuse are the two of the most frequent types of childhood abuse. Although early marriage is also a type of sexual abuse, it is associated with different physical, social, and mental outcomes than sexual abuse alone. The purpose of this study was to compare early-married girls and sexually abused girls who were referred for forensic evaluation in Turkey in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics, mental disorder rates, and mental symptom severity. We included 63 adolescent girls for whom a judicial report had been demanded and who were under 15 years old when they were married but were not yet 18 years old during the evaluation (15.51 ± 0.78) and 72 sexually abused adolescent girls between 14 and 18 years old (15.80 ± 1.10) in this study. Following a psychiatric evaluation, the study participants completed the Child Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index (CPTS-RI) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). We used the Windows SPSS 16.0 software program to assess the results. At least one psychiatric disorder was determined in 44.4% of the early-married and 77.8% of the sexually abused cases (p < 0.001). A diagnosis of PTSD or ASD was observed in 11.1% of the early-married cases and in 54.2% of the sexually abused victims (p < 0.001). MDD was determined in 33.3% of the early-married cases and 56.9% of the sexually abused cases (p = 0.006). The CPTS-RI scores of the sexually abused victims were higher than those of the early-married cases (p < 0.001). All of the subscale scores of the BSI were higher in the sexually abused adolescents than in the early-married cases (p < 0.001). Although early marriage has severe physical, social and mental outcomes, it is not as severe as sexual abuse in terms of psychiatric disorder rates and the psychiatric symptom severity it causes.     

当代网络文化中流行的表人新名词及其理据

当代网络文化之繁荣,孕育出形形色色的网络新名词。作为对日趋细化和多元人群的客观称谓和个性描述,表人的流行新名词在音形义等方面独具特色,或直接借用外来词,或灵活创造新词语,或赋予旧词以新义。表人的流行新名词既根植于社会生活,又深深地烙上了时代的印记,更忠实地映射出当今社会人们多姿多彩的生活方式和多元化的价值取向,有着深刻的言内外因素和文化心理理据。表人的新名词在生成和传播过程中也必须经受“汰弱留强”和“适者生存”等自然生态法则的检验,除了遵循语言发展规律和满足交际的现实之需,还有待大众传媒等方方面面予以包容和理性引导。     

基于物联网的家庭便携式血压监测系统

根据物联网远程监护的特点,设计了物联网家庭便携式血压监测系统。系统设计采用MPX5050GP压力传感器进行血压信号的采集与处理,通过CC2430芯片对血压信号进行A/D转换,同时设置报警提示,采用ZigBee技术完成无线数据传输功能,将数据传输到家庭网络终端,继而通过网络传输到医疗监护中心,完成对用户的远程监护工作。     

物联网专业建设的研究与探索

物联网是国家战略性新兴产业,物联网工程专业是培养物联网高素质专门人才而设置的新专业。基于此,针对物联网工程专业的培养目标、人才培养模式、课程建设、师资队伍建设等方面,对实验实训教学基地的建设、教学手段、教学方法、考试改革等进行了研究与探讨,以期为社会培养出优秀合格的专业人才。     

平台型媒体内容生态的失衡、无序及治理

网络平台的崛起带来互联网的"再中心化".作为网络平台的重要组成部分,平台型媒体是社会连接和资讯传播的枢纽,其运行既遵循商业逻辑,又有公共性的一面.技术、资本、用户是推动平台型媒体发展的主要因素,其相互关系也制约着围绕平台型媒体的虚拟社区向"数字公共领域"演进.在算法局限、商业竞争、过度娱乐化与极端化内容泛滥的情况下,平...     

物联网RFID技术在农业高校教学管理中的应用

本文介绍了基于RFID的物联网技术及其在教育领域中的应用优势,结合农业高校的教学与管理特点,较为全面地论述了物联网RFID技术在农业高校教学与管理中的应用.     

传统文献学教学手段优化研究

文献学作为文史研究的基础性学科,在教学中却位处边缘,面临数字化文献倍增与教学时数被压缩的困境,形成教师“一言堂”与学生被动学习的模式.在网络知识经济时代的大背景下,文献学教学必须在与传统文本教学模式有机结合的前提下,充分借助网络多媒体手段,优化教学手段,提高专业知识传输效率,提升教学水平,凸显该课程的文史研究工具学科性质,实现学生课堂上及课后的文献认知实践的有机融合.