走向多元化——高等教育的变革趋势——读伯顿·R·克拉克《高等教育系统——学术组织的跨国研究》

在《高等教育系统——学术组织的跨国研究》一书中,伯顿·R·克拉克教授以"知识"为研究的逻辑起点,界定了高等教育系统的组织要素,并以此为基础论证了高等教育系统的整合和变革,建立了高等教育的价值规范。多元化思想是克拉克教授的高等教育变革观,这一思想对我国高等教育的改革和研究具有重要的借鉴意义。     

急性铅中毒对小鼠睾丸病理损伤研究

为了研究急性铅中毒对小鼠睾丸病理变化的影响,通过对小鼠饲喂含有醋酸铅的去离子水建立铅负荷小鼠模型.处理10 d后取材,分析体质量、睾丸指数和睾丸病理剖检变化.结果显示：与对照组相比,铅中毒组小鼠体质量无明显变化,睾丸指数降低,且差异显著（P＜0.05）;小鼠睾丸中支持细胞、生精细胞和间质细胞数量减少.铅对小鼠睾丸具有显著损害作用,从而影响小鼠的生殖健康.     

Learning for work and working to learn： Challenges within a changing UK higher education system

Higher education in the United Kingdom is currently undergoing major changes. In the foreseeable future, it will also undergo farther change. The nature of these changes can be attributed to several key areas-government demand for change, industry demand for change and student demand for change. The UK, like many other major economies and not for the first time in recent history, is having to face the implications of severe skills shortages in its workforce, coupled with the increasing competitiveness of more globalised workforees and workplaces. A recent major government report has set out the country＇s skills agenda until 2020 and UK higher education is starting to wrestle with the implications of these changes, some of which challenge the traditional preserves of university education. This paper will focus on the implications of these skills shortages and the impact that is having on UK higher education. In particular, reference will be made to the impact of the new 2 years vocational Foundation Degrees, to the shift from supply-led to demand-led higher education, the increasing integration and tensions of work-based learning and to the accreditation of Continuous Professional Development （CPD） within an academic framework. This paper presents one story of the growing and changing relationship between higher education and industry.     

影响田径运动员心理变化的因素及其心理训练的方法

结合田径运动项目的特点,论述了影响田径运动员心理变化的因素及田径运动员的一般心理训练和赛前心理训练的方法,为田径运动员在训练和比赛中的心理训练提供参考。     

Mature students’ journey into higher education in the UK: an interpretative phenomenological analysis

ABSTRACT

This article reports on issues of diversity in the context of widening participation in global higher education (HE). Mature students represent a third of the HE student population in Australia, Canada, UK and the USA. More research is needed to understand factors that can facilitate or hinder access to HE for this group. The aim of this study was to examine factors that a small group of mature students perceived influenced them as they made the decision to take up HE. Six undergraduate students at a British university who were on track to finish their studies took part in semi-structured interviews. All participants were white and from families with no previous experience of HE. Mean age was 42.7 years (range 35–51), and 50% were female. The interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Through using phenomenological analysis to analyse perceptions of changing motivation and goals during the decision-making process to take up HE, a detailed understanding of the complexity of these change processes was obtained. The analysis offers evidence that mature students experience far-reaching personal and social changes related to their decision to enter HE and adds a novel understanding of these identity-changes. This new insight is of fundamental importance to the field because the novel understanding of mature students’ meaning-making could be used to tailor interventions to facilitate access to HE for mature students.     

Teacher self-efficacy moderates the relations between imposed pressure from imposed curriculum changes and teacher stress

Based on the Job Demands-resources (RD-R) model, the aim of the current study was to examine how pressure arising from imposed curriculum changes and teacher self-efficacy relate to perceived stress in teachers. Participants (839 teachers working in English schools) completed an online survey that contained questions about demographics, self-reported pressure from imposed curriculum changes, teacher self-efficacy, and perceived stress. Pressure from imposed curriculum changes was positively, and teacher self-efficacy negatively, related to perceived stress. Teacher-self efficacy moderated relations between pressure from imposed curriculum changes and perceived stress. High teacher self-efficacy was associated with lower perceived stress, relative to low teacher self-efficacy, when pressure from imposed curriculum changes was low. The differential advantage offered by high self-efficacy declined as pressure from imposed curriculum changes increased.     

罅隙中的女性新变——论《海上花列传》中青楼女子的时代新变

《海上花列传》用娓娓的絮语讲述了一群青楼女子的日常生活以及她们与各色嫖客情爱纠葛的故事.由于近代欧风美雨的思想浸润和都市商业文明的注入,文本便具有了时代新质.得近代风气之先的作者韩邦庆用自然而朴质的笔法书写了这些青楼女子初步具备的自主自立意识.表现在她们对父权传统规约的大胆反叛,在近代都市消费语境下滋生出的崭新利欲诉求以及对传统两性关系的大胆解构.这些颇具现代意味的摹写令文本中的女性一定程度上充当了妇女解放急先锋的角色.正是在这个维度上,《海上花列传》具有了充盈的价值和意蕴.     

论屯堡建筑功能的变迁

建筑是文化的固化形态,是文化的外在显现.屯堡建筑是屯堡文化的载体之一,其功能在600多年的时间里,经历了从以最初的军事功能和居住功能为主,到军事功能弱化、文化认同功能显现,到现在的旅游功能凸显的较大变化.     

诗与哲学之争的现代嬗变

柏拉图作为哲学家对“诗”所施加的责难是“诗哲之争”的最初原点，在现代、后现代的文化语境中．这一争论并没有自然获得消解，而是在不断的流变中脱离了最初的诗学和美学的狭隘命题的局限。衍生出各种新的形式和更加丰富的内容。列奥·施特劳斯从反思现代性危机的立场出发尊重哲学的最高合法性，而在玛莎·纳斯鲍姆看来诗同样具有哲学性的崇高目的。两位当代思想家关于同一问题的不同态度正是当代文化多元性的体现，争论所构成的交流平台在某种意义上可以消除任何极端立场的产生。     

‘The helping,the fixtures,the kits,the gear,the gum shields,the food,the snacks,the waiting,the rain,the car rides … ’: social class,parenting and children's organised activities

ABSTRACT

Class-related parenting cultures and ideologies have been of considerable interest to academics over the last two decades. Much of the research thus far has focused on exploring Annette Lareau's conceptualisations of ‘natural growth’ and ‘concerted cultivation’ and the implications for outcomes in relation to education. The focus of the present article is organised activities, which are a central but as yet relatively under-researched feature of middle-class parenting. The findings are based upon 73 semi-structured interviews with parents and children from 48 middle-class families living in and around a small city in northern England. The article reveals that initiating and facilitating children's organised activities is considered a central aspect of ‘good’ parenting in middle-class social networks. It is shown how this is a consequence of several developments within society over the past three decades or so, including the rising levels of maternal employment, the growing competitiveness of the labour market and the increasing concerns related to children's health and safety. It is argued that these developments have heightened middle-class parents’ predisposition to not only be involved with and invest in their children's leisure biographies, but to do so in a more deliberate, rigorous and rational manner.