The multiple logics of school gardening: a ‘return to nature’ or ‘love of labour’?

ABSTRACT

This article explores the history of school gardens in educational projects linked to four scholars at Teachers College (Bigelow, Dewey, Kilpatrick and Carney) during the early twentieth century. It concludes that gardening activities were designed primarily for urban children who lacked experience in farming. The role of gardening in experimental schools in the North is compared with proposals for rural schools in the Midwest and for segregated schools for Black youth in the South. Various logics are identified by analysing the educational arguments used to promote or dismiss school gardening, and the rationales for educating or retaining a certain type of labour force. A combination of these arguments appears in Dewey’s vindication of the emergency production of foodstuffs during the First World War. The different logics point to the paradox connecting the themes of a ‘return to nature’ and ‘love of labour’ as constants in the school gardening discourse.     

Where do you come from,where do you go? Assessing skills gaps and labour market outcomes for young adults with different immigration backgrounds

Using PISA and PIAAC data from twelve OECD countries, we examine the gap in cognitive skills among immigrants and natives and evaluate how those differences have evolved over time. We also consider how demographics, family background and school quality explain the development of cognitive skills of young people with immigrant backgrounds. The results show, first, that some convergence in skills occurs between second-generation immigrants and natives over time. Second, demographics, family background and school quality variables all contribute to the achievement gaps across different groups.     

从版本体例的发展流变看后世对《花间集》的接受

北宋至清代晚期,《花间集》流行版本或多或少,版本体例的变化或显或隐,经历了一个明显的变动不居的过程,这一过程折射出了各个不同时期对《花间》词的接受态度。     

高中学优生与学困生学习适应性的比较研究

中学生不同的学习适应行为反映了不同的学习目标定向。采用《瑞文标准推理测验》和《学习适应性测验》,对高一、高二年级学优生与学困生进行测查比较,结果表明：1,在总体上,学优生学习适应性显著高于学困生;2．高中生学习适应性的性别差异不显著,高一年级学优生学习适应性显著高于高二年级,学困生学习适应性的年级差异不显著;3．学优生倾向于掌握目标的定向,学困生倾向于业绩表现的目标定向。     

中学实施快乐体育教学研究

快乐体育的目的是为了培养学生健康的身心和终身体育的意识．中学阶段,是一个人的能力和意识形成的关键时期,因此,在中学体育教学中应该实施快乐体育,即树立以人为本的理念,体现教与学的快乐特点;重视体育教学的趣味性;在快乐的活动过程中培养运动能力和自我评价能力,使学生以快乐参与为起点,积极投身体育锻炼。为终身体育、健康第一、协调发展奠定坚实的基础．     

Understanding and describing mathematical knowledge for teaching: knowledge about proof for engaging students in the activity of proving

This article is situated in the research domain that investigates what mathematical knowledge is useful for, and usable in, mathematics teaching. Specifically, the article contributes to the issue of understanding and describing what knowledge about proof is likely to be important for teachers to have as they engage students in the activity of proving. We explain that existing research informs the knowledge about the logico-linguistic aspects of proof that teachers might need, and we argue that this knowledge should be complemented by what we call knowledge of situations for proving. This form of knowledge is essential as teachers mobilize proving opportunities for their students in mathematics classrooms. We identify two sub-components of the knowledge of situations for proving: knowledge of different kinds of proving tasks and knowledge of the relationship between proving tasks and proving activity. In order to promote understanding of the former type of knowledge, we develop and illustrate a classification of proving tasks based on two mathematical criteria: (1) the number of cases involved in a task (a single case, multiple but finitely many cases, or infinitely many cases), and (2) the purpose of the task (to verify or to refute statements). In order to promote understanding of the latter type of knowledge, we develop a framework for the relationship between different proving tasks and anticipated proving activity when these tasks are implemented in classrooms, and we exemplify the components of the framework using data from third grade. We also discuss possible directions for future research into teachers’ knowledge about proof.

魏禧江西交游考

考查清初著名古文家魏禧在江西的交游情况,有助于了解魏禧政治态度、学术思想及人格精神的形成,把握清初江西文坛的创作情况及明清易代之际遗民文人群的思想活动与普遍心态。     

《学校问题研讨》课程的教学策略初探

《学校问题研讨》是宁波大学新开设的一门教师教育类课程。学校问题的提出可以来自于师范生在教育实习过程中的观察和思考、教育研究的热点和教师的科研;在问题的解决中需要采用多种研讨方式以保证良好的研讨效果;在对问题研讨的评价上应采用操作性较强、较具体的标准以确保评价的客观性。在对该课程的教学策略进行分析的基础上,指出了该课程有效教学在教师培养中的作用,以期对教师教育课程改革有所启示。     

论对学生评教的合理定位

学生评教是当前各高校普遍采用的一项旨在保障课堂教学质量的重要措施。有赞成者对其推崇备至,也有反对者对其大加鞭挞。问题的关键在于对学生评教的合理定位。事实上,学生评教的合理性和它的限度蕴涵着“半杯水”哲学。     

高等教育大众化背景下高校学生思想政治教育面临的挑战及对策

高等教育大众化阶段有着许多与精英教育阶段不同的特征,这些特征给高校思想政治教育产生了深刻的影响,带来了新的挑战。高校思想政治教育应积极探索适应大众化教育的具体路径,增强高校学生思想政治教育的针对性和实效性,从而促进高校学生的健康成长和全面发展。