冠心病介入治疗的临床分析

目的 :观察冠心病介入治疗的有效性和安全性。方法 :2 0 0 1.6～ 2 0 0 2 .5月 ,我院共对112例冠心病患者实施了经皮冠脉成形术 (PTCA)和冠脉内支架置入术 (CASI) ,其中 ,包括 4 3例紧急冠状动脉内支架术。结果 :本组行PTCA成功 15 0处 ,失败 4处 ,成功率 97.0 %。其中A、B型病变成功率均为 10 0 % ,C型病变成功率为 87.5 %。失败者为 4例冠脉完全闭塞 ,1例不稳定型心绞痛 ,1例急性心肌梗塞 ,2例陈旧心梗。其中 2处病变导丝不能通过 ,1处病变导丝通过后球囊不能通过 ,病变扩张前目测平均狭窄是 87.9%。PTCA后置入支架及直接支架置入共 112例 (15 4处病变 ) ,其中病变A型 6 8处 ,B型 6 0处 ,C型 2 8处 ,置入支架 15 4支 ,平均 1.1支 /处 ,即刻成功率 10 0 %。因病变较长或两支以上病变 ,有 2 4例患者置入 2只支架 ,7例置入 3只支架。急诊PTCA4 3例 ,直接PTCA4 2例 ,挽救PTCA1例 ,成功率 97.6 %。结论 :PTCA及支架植入术治疗冠心病是安全有效的。     

Plasticity of human handedness: Decreased one-hand bias and inter-manual performance asymmetry in expert basketball players

Abstract

Athletes frequently have to adapt their skills to fast changes of play, often requiring the flexible execution of a particular movement skill with either hand. To assess the influence of sport-specific expertise and extensive sport training on human laterality, a video analysis of regular basketball games was performed for professional, semi-professional, and amateur players to investigate how non-dominant hand use and proficiency change with increasing expertise. Our results showed that the right-hand (i.e. dominant hand) bias in basketball players is reduced with increasing expertise (i.e. competitive level). Accordingly, we found that professional players use their non-dominant hand more often and with greater success than semi-professional and amateur players. This was true for most of the basketball-specific skills. Based on these results, we assume that increasing amounts of bilateral practice can lead to a shift in task-specific manual preference towards a higher use of both hands in competition, as well as to a higher proficiency for non-dominant hand actions in particular. From an applied perspective, the more frequent use and higher proficiency of the non-dominant hand in professional basketball players, compared with amateurs, suggests that the context-specific and skilled use of the non-dominant hand is crucial for successful play at higher competitive levels in the sport of basketball.     

双站观测与距离侧方交会

距离侧方交会是工程测量中常用的方法,特别是全站仪的广泛使用,使得该测量方法的精度大幅度提高.在城市测量中,用全站仪距离侧方交会的方法插入特点来解决测站点不足的问题,是一种方便、准确,可靠的方法.付点作为距离侧方交会的一种特殊形式,有其使用的特点及要求,本文主要介绍了付点的应用环境、注意事项及计算公式,并结合实际对其精度及可靠性作了量化分析.     

Association of matrix metalloproteinase-9 C1562T polymorphism and coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis简

Objective

Many investigations have studied the associations between matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) C1562T polymorphisms and coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the conclusions of these studies were inconsistent. Therefore, this study was aimed at clarifying the association between MMP-9 C1562T polymorphisms and CAD in a large-scale meta-analysis.

Methods

The PubMed and Embase databases were retrieved to collect all publications on the association between MMP-9 C1562T polymorphisms and CAD. Then the odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for C1562T TT+TC versus CC genotype between CAD and the control groups were evaluated. Subgroup analysis was also performed according to different races. The meta-analysis was performed by Stata 10.0.

Results

Sixteen case-control studies were included in our meta-analysis, involving 11 032 CAD patients and 4628 non-CAD controls. Compared with C allele carriers, East Asian T allele carriers TT+TC had a significantly higher risk of CAD (OR=1.43; 95% CI: 1.03–1.99; P=0.031); however, there were no significant associations in Western populations (OR=1.06; 95% CI: 0.96–1.18; P=0.240) or West Asians (OR=1.13; 95% CI: 0.75–1.70; P=0.565). When further analyzing the association between C1562T polymorphisms and myocardial infarction (MI, the most serious type of CAD), the risk of TT+TC genotype versus CC genotype for MI was significantly higher for the overall (OR=1.21; 95% CI: 1.04–1.40; P=0.012) and for East Asians (OR=1.58; 95% CI: 1.26–1.97; P=0.000) but not in Western populations (OR=1.12; 95% CI: 0.99–1.26; P=0.078).

Conclusions

Our meta-analysis suggested an obvious ethnic difference in the association between MMP-9 C1562T polymorphisms and CAD. MMP-9 C1562T polymorphism was significantly related to CAD in East Asians. However, no significant associations were observed in either West Asians or Western populations.     

基于增材制造技术的颈动脉仿生血管模型研究现状

系统总结了国内外现有的仿生血管增材制造技术,主要包括微制造技术、间接挤出打印技术、直接挤出打印技术、光固化打印技术和基于模具制造技术,发现这些技术构建的仿生血管表现出从单通道矩形流道形态到分叉圆形流道形态的发展轨迹,并详细分析了这些技术在构建颈动脉仿生血管方面存在的优势和不足。随着复合材料和增材制造技术的持续优化,有望成功构建出真正临床意义上的颈动脉仿生血管模型。     

超声对高血压病患者颈动脉声像图的分析

目的探讨各级高血压病与颈动脉硬化之间的关系。方法对558例高血压病患者的颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）、斑块发生率进行检查分析,并与209例健康成人对照。结果各级高血压患者颈动脉IMT与对照组相比均有明显增加;各级高血压病患者颈动脉IMT之间进行比较亦显示出显著性差异;颈动脉IMT随高血压分级增加而逐渐增厚。结论血压增高与高血压病患者颈动脉变化密切相关,颈动脉超声检测对于防治高血压及其并发症具有重要意义。     

Systematic comparison of the effectiveness of radial artery and saphenous vein or right internal thoracic artery coronary bypass grafts in non-left anterior descending coronary arteries

Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery is increasingly being carried out on patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease, but the best grafting candidate for non-left anterior descending coronary arteries is unclear. This research sought to systematically compare the efficacies and safeties of coronary bypass with radial artery and other available grafts. A systematic literature retrieval was performed for all clinical trials comparing the outcomes of coronary artery bypass surgery with radial artery and other grafts in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Seven eligible clinical studies, comparing radial artery and great saphenous vein grafts, were found between 1966 and 2010: one prospective non-randomized and six prospective randomized trials. The pooling analysis obtained a relative risk of 0.507 (P<0.05) of graft occlusion in radial arteries compared with great saphenous veins. There was a significantly lower infection rate in arms (i.e., harvest sites for radial arteries) relative to legs (harvest sites for veins), with a pooled relative risk of 0.140 (P<0.05). From the reports on mortality after follow-up ranging from one year to six years, there was no significant difference in mortality between the two graft types (P=0.927). In addition, four cohort controlled trials for radial and right internal thoracic artery grafts were included. The radial graft was associated with less cardiac related events relative to the right internal thoracic artery graft (P=0.014), but with comparable mortality and comparable rates of repeat percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Subjects with radial arteries seemed to have a lower occlusion rate and a lower graft harvest site infection rate than those with great saphenous veins. Moreover there were fewer cardiac related events with radial arteries relative to the right internal thoracic artery grafts. More studies are needed to confirm these findings concerning the favorable outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting with radial arteries on long-term patency and mortality.     

基于动机的人类基础价值观理论研究——Schwartz价值观理论和研究述评

Schwartz的人类基础价值观理论认为价值观是合乎需要的超越情境的目标,价值观结构是一个具有普遍文化适应性的心理结构,由10种类型的动机目标构成。价值观体系是一个动机性的连续体,内部的10种动机目标并不是相互分离的,而是彼此相容或对立的,呈现为一个环状结构的模型。Schwartz认为价值观具有动态变化性,在不同的情境和条件下,目标的相对重要性不同,对人们的生活和行为起着引领作用。     

人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折——附103例疗效分析

目的：分析高龄（〉75岁）股骨粗隆间骨折患者采用人工股骨头置换术的疗效。方法：对2004.1-2013.10我院103例高龄股骨粗隆间骨折患者采用人工股骨头假体置换治疗。其中女性67例,男性36例,最大年龄102岁,最小年龄75岁,平均83岁。结果：术中、术后死亡2例,余患者均得到随访,随访时间1-9年（平均3.5年）,参照Harris法评分[1]优65例,良26例,可6例,差4例。疗效优良率达88.34%。所有随访患者无发生脱位,经复查X片,假体、髋臼完好无松动93例,髋臼磨损5例,假体周围骨折2例,假体松动1例。结论：证实人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折具有减少患者卧床时间,早日下地负重功能锻炼,减少术后并发症等优点。     

银杏成熟花粉的形态、侧向萌发及其意义

刚从小孢子囊中散发出的银杏Ginkgo biloba L．成熟花粉为圆球形,具有巨大的单一萌发区。萌发区由两部分半圆形的、几近垂直的外壁围成。除萌发区外,花粉的外壁被有较致密的不规则的纹理和小刺。当花粉在空中或冷储条件下滞留一段时间后,即转变为两侧对称的船形,但在培养液中又很快转变为近圆球形。离体和活体实验都表明,银杏雄配子体萌发初期,管核都转过了一定的角度,并继而发生侧向萌发,但没有活性的花粉除变为圆球形外无其他变化。这些表明,花粉管的内部特征决定了银杏雄配子体侧向萌发的典型特征。这一稳定的生物学特性,加上银杏花粉的特殊形态特征,与苏铁属、松属等有明显的区别。这可能是银杏特殊系统位置的一个关键特征。