银杏成熟花粉的形态、侧向萌发及其意义

刚从小孢子囊中散发出的银杏Ginkgo biloba L．成熟花粉为圆球形,具有巨大的单一萌发区。萌发区由两部分半圆形的、几近垂直的外壁围成。除萌发区外,花粉的外壁被有较致密的不规则的纹理和小刺。当花粉在空中或冷储条件下滞留一段时间后,即转变为两侧对称的船形,但在培养液中又很快转变为近圆球形。离体和活体实验都表明,银杏雄配子体萌发初期,管核都转过了一定的角度,并继而发生侧向萌发,但没有活性的花粉除变为圆球形外无其他变化。这些表明,花粉管的内部特征决定了银杏雄配子体侧向萌发的典型特征。这一稳定的生物学特性,加上银杏花粉的特殊形态特征,与苏铁属、松属等有明显的区别。这可能是银杏特殊系统位置的一个关键特征。     

冠心病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸变化及叶酸的干预治疗

目的 了解血浆同型半胱氨酸(Homocysteine，Hcy)、叶酸和维生素(Vit)B12水平与冠心病的关系；观察叶酸干预治疗高Hcy血症的疗效．方法 经冠脉造影确诊的冠心病患者97例、亚冠心病患者58例及完全正常3l例，用高效液相色谱法测血浆Hcy水平，用放免法测血浆叶酸和VitB12浓度．其中高Hcy血症病人每天服用叶酸5mg，观察4周和8周后血浆Hcy水平变化．结果 冠心病和亚冠心病患者血浆Hcy水平明显高于正常人，叶酸和VitB12水平则明显下降；冠心病患者冠脉病变支数越多，血浆Hcy升高和叶酸、VitB12下降越明显；叶酸治疗高Hcy血症患者4周和8周，分别使血浆Hcy水平下降12．5％和38．5％．结论 冠心病和亚冠心病患者血浆Hcy水平明显升高，高Hcy血症是冠心病的危险因素之一．血浆Hcy水平变化与冠脉病变程度正相关．叶酸干预治疗可使高Hcy血症患者血浆Hcy浓度明显降低．     

丹瓜方对转基因糖尿病小鼠心脏损伤的作用

探讨丹瓜方对转基因糖尿病小鼠心脏组织的影响。32只ApoE-/-小鼠数字随机等分为模型组、丹瓜方组、联合用药组(丹瓜方+吡格列酮)、吡格列酮组。喂以普通饲料,各组分别给药12周。小鼠处死,取心脏、匀浆,免疫组化测心脏血清反应因子(SRF)含量;解剖冠状动脉,光镜观察比较。结果:与模型组比较,联合用药组与丹瓜方组SRF阳性率降低有显著性差异(P<0.01);形态学观察,丹瓜方组与联合用药组冠状动脉内膜大部分无增厚。结果表明:丹瓜方对糖尿病小鼠心脏具有保护作用。     

Association of matrix metalloproteinase-9 C1562T polymorphism and coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis简

Objective

Many investigations have studied the associations between matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) C1562T polymorphisms and coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the conclusions of these studies were inconsistent. Therefore, this study was aimed at clarifying the association between MMP-9 C1562T polymorphisms and CAD in a large-scale meta-analysis.

Methods

The PubMed and Embase databases were retrieved to collect all publications on the association between MMP-9 C1562T polymorphisms and CAD. Then the odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for C1562T TT+TC versus CC genotype between CAD and the control groups were evaluated. Subgroup analysis was also performed according to different races. The meta-analysis was performed by Stata 10.0.

Results

Sixteen case-control studies were included in our meta-analysis, involving 11 032 CAD patients and 4628 non-CAD controls. Compared with C allele carriers, East Asian T allele carriers TT+TC had a significantly higher risk of CAD (OR=1.43; 95% CI: 1.03–1.99; P=0.031); however, there were no significant associations in Western populations (OR=1.06; 95% CI: 0.96–1.18; P=0.240) or West Asians (OR=1.13; 95% CI: 0.75–1.70; P=0.565). When further analyzing the association between C1562T polymorphisms and myocardial infarction (MI, the most serious type of CAD), the risk of TT+TC genotype versus CC genotype for MI was significantly higher for the overall (OR=1.21; 95% CI: 1.04–1.40; P=0.012) and for East Asians (OR=1.58; 95% CI: 1.26–1.97; P=0.000) but not in Western populations (OR=1.12; 95% CI: 0.99–1.26; P=0.078).

Conclusions

Our meta-analysis suggested an obvious ethnic difference in the association between MMP-9 C1562T polymorphisms and CAD. MMP-9 C1562T polymorphism was significantly related to CAD in East Asians. However, no significant associations were observed in either West Asians or Western populations.     

人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折——附103例疗效分析

目的：分析高龄（〉75岁）股骨粗隆间骨折患者采用人工股骨头置换术的疗效。方法：对2004.1-2013.10我院103例高龄股骨粗隆间骨折患者采用人工股骨头假体置换治疗。其中女性67例,男性36例,最大年龄102岁,最小年龄75岁,平均83岁。结果：术中、术后死亡2例,余患者均得到随访,随访时间1-9年（平均3.5年）,参照Harris法评分[1]优65例,良26例,可6例,差4例。疗效优良率达88.34%。所有随访患者无发生脱位,经复查X片,假体、髋臼完好无松动93例,髋臼磨损5例,假体周围骨折2例,假体松动1例。结论：证实人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折具有减少患者卧床时间,早日下地负重功能锻炼,减少术后并发症等优点。     

针刀为主治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的临床研究进展

股骨头缺血性坏死的发生率越来越高,病因复杂。大多数认为其病因与应力集中于股骨头的内在条件使骨结构破坏,压迫骨内循环系统使血运受阻有关。髋关节腔内压力或股骨上端内压增高致使髋关节周围组织粘连、疤痕、挛缩形成及股骨头囊内压,髓内压升高,引起复杂的临床症状及髋关节功能障碍。总结近十年来国内治疗股骨头缺血性坏死采用针刀疗法的临床进展,肯定小针刀治疗此病的效果,指导临床,造福患者。     

基于增材制造技术的颈动脉仿生血管模型研究现状

系统总结了国内外现有的仿生血管增材制造技术,主要包括微制造技术、间接挤出打印技术、直接挤出打印技术、光固化打印技术和基于模具制造技术,发现这些技术构建的仿生血管表现出从单通道矩形流道形态到分叉圆形流道形态的发展轨迹,并详细分析了这些技术在构建颈动脉仿生血管方面存在的优势和不足。随着复合材料和增材制造技术的持续优化,有望成功构建出真正临床意义上的颈动脉仿生血管模型。