论原型理论对英语初级词汇教学的意义

词汇作为人类交际过程中的文化和信息载体,是一个庞大复杂的系统。同时,词汇教学也直接影响到学生的第二语言习得。本文简要地回顾了中国词汇教学的现状和原型理论产生的理论背景、概念及认知理据,并从基本层次范畴的角度阐述了该理论在词汇教学中的可行性。     

Rebounding activation caused by lexical homophony in the processing of Japanese two-kanji compound words

The present study investigated the effects of lexical homophony on the processing of Japanese two-kanji compound words. Experiment 1 showed that participants took longer to perform lexical decisions for words with a high degree of lexical homophony than those with no homophony. Interestingly, the same inhibitory trend was found in the naming task of Experiment 2. Participants took longer to name words with a high degree of lexical homophony than those with no homophony. The consistency of an inhibitory effect through the two experiments suggests that during naming and lexical decisions for Japanese two-kanji compound words, an orthographic representation activates the phonological representation, which then leads to a rebounding activation of orthographic representations of homophonic forms.     

The Lexical Approach语境中的词汇

传统观念中 ,英语词汇是单词的简单累加 ,而词汇法认为词汇是许许多多“词块”的集合 ,它们分布在一个具有生成力的连续体上。词汇法语境中的词汇再定义突出了语言的词汇性特征 ,对外语教学有如下启示 :外语教师应当重新审视语言习得的本质 ;应当把“板块”当成词汇的最小单位来教与学 ;词汇应放到具体语境中学习     

Effects of word and morpheme familiarity on reading of derived words

The purpose of this study is to examine factors that influence students’ reading of derived words. Recent research suggests that the lexical quality of a derived word depends on the familiarity of the word, its morphemic constituents (i.e., base word and affixes), and the frequency with which the base word appears in other words (i.e., members of the same word family or family frequency). On the premise that better and more experienced readers have higher quality lexical representations, we explore the extent to which accuracy of reading derived words by 4th and 6th graders is related to measures of familiarity, including derived and base word frequencies, family size, average family frequency, and word length. The results of an exploratory factor analysis indicated that these measures formed two factors, one representing morphemic constitution and the second representing exposure to the word family; both factors accounted for significant variance in the students’ derived word reading. Comparisons of sets of derived words contrasted on familiarity properties showed that performance on derived words, overall, is better for 6th than 4th graders and for good than poor readers. On the measures of family frequency and family size, there were significant discrepancies between grade level and reading ability and frequency characteristics. These add support to the view that morphemic analysis and wide reading experience contribute to derived word reading.     

On the Use and Usefulness of Stress Diacritics in Reading Greek

The assignment of stress when reading Greek can be based on lexical and orthographic information. One hundred and seventy seventh-grade children read lists of isolated words and pseudowords. A large proportion of stress assignment errors were made in pseudoword reading, especially on the items that do not follow the most frequent penultimate stress pattern. Analysis of text corpora indicates that ignoring written stress diacritics would result in less than 1% errors, without taking into account disambiguating effects of context. It is tentatively suggested that, in reading Greek, stress assignment is primarily lexical. The results are consistent with a hypothesis that the bisyllabic trochee is the default metrical frame in Greek.     

基于项目式学习的《EDA技术》课程教学方法探讨

本文针对目前三本院校自动化相关专业关于《EDA技术》课程教学过程中存在的问题,提出了极具创新性的项目式教学法。该方法将传统教学过程从传统的“理论讲述加验证性试验”转变为“以项目贯穿教学,理论适当切入”,从根本上改变了（（EDA技术》课程的教学理念,并在实际教学中取得了良好的效果。     

UMLS多词表整合机制研究

文章基于对UMLS超级叙词表、语义网、专家辞典的分析,及对UMLS系统结构和数据的解析,重最探讨UMLS多来源词表同义概念的归并机制、异构异质词表术语、关系、属性信息的集成方法,以及范畴体系的构建理念,最后就UMLS多词表整合策略进行讨论。     

An examination of the cohesion‐performance relationship in university hockey teams

The objective of this study was to assess, using the Group Environment Questionnaire, whether team cohesion in university‐level field hockey was a cause for, or an effect of, successful performance. A quasi‐experimental longitudinal design with cross‐lagged correlational analysis was adopted and measures of cohesion and performance were taken midway and later in the season. The results of the synchronous correlations showed a positive relationship (with good stationarity) between team cohesion and performance outcome. Although nonsignificant cross‐lagged differentials indicated a circular relationship, the magnitudes of both the cross‐lagged correlations and the partial correlations, together with multiple‐regression analyses, revealed that the stronger flow was from cohesion to performance. The socially oriented aspects of cohesion, in particular, had significant associations with performance. The results imply that cohesion‐performance relationships should be examined within a circular model, in which cohesion and performance are interdependent.     

Searching for Explanations in Science Trade Books: What can we learn from Coh-Metrix?

Given the importance of explanation in science texts for children, this research explored Coh-Metrix as a tool for rapidly determining the presence of explanations in science trade books. Variables from Coh-Metrix specifically addressing cause (causal content, causal cohesion, and positive causal connectives) were correlated with an existing, high-inference causal variable from previous research. Moderate correlations were found for causal cohesion and positive causal connectives (both r(18) = 0.46, p < 0.05); no correlation was found with causal content. Somewhat stronger correlations were found with two, co-referential Coh-Metrix variables, argument overlap and stem overlap. These findings suggest that Coh-Metrix may be used for an initial screening to determine if a science text has the necessary conditions to be explanatory.     

隐性重复的英译策略

韩礼德(Halliday,M.A.K)的功能语法理论认为重复是篇章衔接的主要手段之一,重复在英汉两种语言中的使用有较大差别,其在汉语中的使用频率远远高于英语.根据载体不同,重复可以分为显性重复和隐性重复(意义重复)两类,汉语中大量使用隐性重复,其表现形式多样,故探讨汉译英中隐性重复的分类及其相应的翻译策略具有重要的现实意义,有助于实现地道简练的译入语表达。