农户视角下的重要农业文化遗产价值与保护主体

社区视角的价值判断和行为决策逐渐成为遗产保护研究与实践的关注点。农业文化遗产是具有活态性特征的农业生产系统,也是一类特殊的保护地。农民是农业文化遗产的拥有者,对遗产价值的认知直接影响着参与保护的积极性和遗产系统的持续性。同时,农户视角下的农业文化遗产价值判断还是衡量其文化自觉和遗产保护成效的重要指标。本文提出以条件价值评估法（CVM）为手段、通过支付意愿及其影响因素反映农户视角下的遗产价值判断这一思路和方法,研究遗产保护过程中的农民文化自觉与遗产保护成效,并在全球重要农业文化遗产——江苏兴化垛田传统农业系统的核心区域进行可行性验证。案例研究显示,农户家庭保护支付意愿率仅为43.2%,家庭人口经济特征与对遗产的认知对是否有支付意愿及支付数额大小具有显著影响;无支付意愿家庭中61.6%认为遗产保护主体应当是国家和地方政府;农户的遗产认知得分较低,文化自觉性有限,保护成效尚未显著惠民。这些结果表明,遗产地在保护与发展方面取得显著成效的同时,也存在着农户认知度与参与度低的问题;有必要深入思考并科学界定“保护主体”及其保护途径,让农业文化遗产的多元价值更好地为农户所认知,使其真正成为农业文化遗产动态性与活态性保护的重要力量;条件价值评估法（CVM）可以支持社区视角的保护认知和成效研究。此外,考虑到中国许多保护地及国家公园体制试点区多有当地居民长期生活生产的现实,本文的思路与方法对于其他类型保护地和社区共管机制建设也有参考价值。     

在线评论对异质性消费者购买决策的影响研究——基于眼动实验

【目的/意义】本研究基于个体认知加工的视角,探索消费者对在线评论有用性的感知过程和感知结果,并揭示在线评论影响消费者购买决策的过程机制。【方法/过程】本研究以120名大学生为被试,开展2评论类型(客观VS主观)×2认知需求(高VS低)的眼动实验,探索消费者对于在线评论有用性的感知过程和感知结果。【结果/结论】结果表明:(1)与主观体验评论相比,消费者对客观属性评论的注视时间更长,感知有用性更大,购买意愿也更强;(2)与高认知需求者相比,低认知需求者的注视时间较短,感知有用性较大,购买意愿也较大;(3)认知需求显著调节评论类型对注视时间的影响,但对感知有用性和购买意愿的调节效应不显著。据此,建议相关企业采取个性化匹配的措施,使得评论类型能够切合消费者的认知需求水平,以便提高在线评论的感知有用性和消费者的购买意愿,从而做出更为满意的购物决策。     

现代欧陆哲学的精神嬗变

西方理性主义哲学坚信理性给予人乃至于一切事物以最终的价值和意义。近代科学对知识运用所取得的成就难以容忍为理性设置的界限而要求理性知性化,最终导致柏拉图、康德意义上的理性失落。现代欧陆哲学家们对神的信仰、理性及其所支持的科学感到绝望,在从尼采到德里达的运思中,他们颠覆了古典哲学的绝对理性本体论,却使现代欧陆哲学从相对主义滑向后现代主义的虚无主义幽谷。     

基于企业生命周期理论的企业家素质SVM评价方法

基于企业生命周期理论,考察企业不同阶段对企业家素质的要求,构建企业家素质评价指标体系,并应用当今统计学习理论的新方法——支持向量机（SVM）对企业家素质进行综合评价,以克服现有企业家素质评价体系的不足,增强评价结果的有效性.     

On the relationship between acculturation and intercultural understanding: Insight from the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test

Previous research has repeatedly demonstrated the importance of culture and cultural identification to interpersonal understanding. We aimed to apply the ideas from this domain to mental state reasoning, or theory of mind. We thus investigated the relationship between acculturation and inferring the mental states of other people within and across cultures by measuring Caucasian and East Asian participants’ accuracy in inferring the mental states of own- and other-ethnicity targets using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test. As expected, Caucasian participants showed a significant ingroup advantage in inferring the mental states of own- versus other-ethnicity targets but no variation according to measures of acculturation. More important, East Asian residents of Canada showed greater accuracy for own- versus other-ethnicity targets—and their accuracy for Caucasian targets increased as a function of (i) the time they had lived in Canada, (ii) their experience interacting with Caucasians, (iii) increased endorsement of mainstream Canadian values, and (iv) decreased endorsement of their heritage culture’s values. These results suggest that cross-cultural understanding may be malleable to acculturation and cultural experience, highlighting the importance of further research on how people from different cultural perspectives come to understand each other and subsequently ameliorate cross-cultural misunderstanding.     

Leveraging microgrants to support capacity-building workshops in low- and middle-income countries for meeting the Sustainable Development Goals

Twenty fifteen marked the year of assessment for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The MDGs that achieved the greatest success were those where evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions were implemented. The ability to practice evidence-based medicine is grounded in the creation of and access to medical literature that synthesizes research findings. The role that global health literature played in the success of the MDGs demonstrates that medical libraries and librarians have a role to play in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Librarians can hold capacity-building workshops that provide instruction on how to access evidence-based literature and also train health professionals to conduct synthesis research. Research findings conducted by in-country health professionals are more likely to address issues being faced by local communities and will afford the possibility of obtaining the necessary evidence-based answers that can then be used to implement policies to resolve public health issues identified in the SDGs.This paper discusses how an international team of librarians leveraged funding from a Medical Library Association/Librarians without Borders/Elsevier Foundation/Research4Life grant to hold a capacity-building workshop in Zimbabwe and follow-up online trainings. The workshop focused on accessing evidence-based resources and conducting synthesis research. Outcomes included the creation and policy implementation of evidence-based knowledge products in alignment with local needs and galvanizing a multisectoral group of key individuals who have gone on to collaborate toward the vision of creating a Zimbabwe innovation hub. Looking ahead, such grants can be leveraged to conduct capacity-building to support knowledge translation and other local training needs.     

由书法创作到潜意识的阐释

书法书写中潜意识的形成以扎实的基本功和渊博的字外涵养为支撑点,经典的“过去经验”是书法创作者潜意识形成的基本的材料。书法创作者的心态环境是潜意识外化的基本条件。成功的书法创作是书法作者潜意识充分外化的表现。     

论美育的超越价值

美育是以＂审美＂为核心的实践体系,内在包含着促进人的＂美感生成＂与审美超越的实践目的观,它以审美体验为途径,以个体的全面发展、自由发展和自主超越为价值旨归,通过培养人的审美意识和审美实践能力,客观上为个体实现＂人的美感生成＂与审美超越准备了实践动力和主体条件。当前的美育实践,需要坚持整体性的观点,从实践基础、实践原则和具体实践策略等方面形成一种＂整体性的影响＂,积极促成美育超越价值的实践转化。     

公共卫生事件中的风险感知和风险传播模型研究——兼论疫情严重程度的调节作用

本文以新型冠状病毒肺炎健康危机为例,运用量化研究的方法,研究公众的风险感知、风险传播行为的特点,以及疫情严重程度对上述二者关系的调节作用。研究发现:(1)风险信息、疫情严重程度主要通过风险感知对公众的风险传播行为起作用,风险感知是该模型中多个因素对传播行为发挥作用的重要中介变量;(2)疫情严重程度对公众的风险感知和传播行为的调节作用部分被证实:疫情严重程度不同地域的公众对风险感知和参与风险传播的行为存在显著差异,且主要存在于疫情较严重和疫情最严重地域的公众之间。     

对足球移动能力训练的思考

运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法和经验总结法,对足球运动员移动能力训练进行研究.指出,移动能力是足球技能的重要组成部分,与球员的比赛表现密切相关.在对移动方式特征和分类进行分析梳理的基础上,针对长期被忽视的发展感知能力和移动效果反馈两方面,提出足球移动能力训练的内容和重点,以及不同训练阶段的训练要点.认为,发展移动能力要符合力学原理、结合专项技术训练,最终实现训练能力向比赛能力的转化.