Symbolic links in the Open Directory Project

We present a study to develop an improved understanding of symbolic links in web directories. A symbolic link is a hyperlink which makes a directed connection from a webpage along one path through a directory to a page along another path. While symbolic links are ubiquitous in web directories such as Yahoo!, they are under-studied and, as a result, their uses are poorly understood. A cursory analysis of symbolic links reveals multiple uses: to provide navigational shortcuts deeper into a directory, backlinks to more general categories, and multiclassification. We investigated these uses in the Open Directory Project (ODP), the largest, most comprehensive, and most widely distributed human-compiled taxonomy of links to websites, which makes extensive use of symbolic links. The results reveal that while symbolic links in ODP are used primarily for multiclassification, only few multiclassification links actually span top- and second-level categories. This indicates that most symbolic links in ODP are used to create multiclassification between topics which are nested more than two levels deep and suggests that there may be multiple uses of multiclassification links. We also situate symbolic links vis à vis other semantic and structural link types from hypermedia. We anticipate that the results and relationships identified and discussed in this paper will provide a foundation for (1) users for understanding the usages of symbolic links in a directory, (2) designers to employ symbolic links more effectively when building and maintaining directories and for crafting user interfaces to them, and (3) information retrieval researchers for further study of symbolic links in web directories.     

浅谈理想的运算

~~浅谈理想的运算@白景山$河北软件职业技术学院!河北保定071000~~~~~~     

吐蕃国相尚纥心儿事迹补述——以敦煌本羽77号为中心

羽077号的《本阐晡为宰相就灵龛祈愿文》、《某判官为国相尚纥心儿祈愿文》和《赞普祈愿文》,记载了公元818年顷,在敦煌举办的与吐蕃宰相尚纥心儿相关的三次佛事祈愿活动,主办人分别为钵阐布、专使大判官和赞普(名义),反映尚纥心儿第二次短暂住敦煌期间曾一度想辞官事佛,但又不得不重新出山的情景过程。尚纥心儿一生前后三次到敦煌,晚年又在敦煌建造圣光寺。     

司法实践中巨额财产来源不明罪的特征及认定难题

从司法实践出发总结了本罪在司法层面的特征,深入剖析司法实践在本罪的认定、证明责任等方面所遇到的难题和尴尬。     

和式极限的求解方法

极限是微积分学的重要内容,而无限多项的和式的极限是函数极限的难点,重点介绍了8种有关和式极限求解的计算方法,并通过例子对这些方法做了更进一步地分析和讨论。     

HUSH,An Automated Multipurpose Periodical System or From Rotary File to Computer

A computerized serials management system designed for a medium-sized academic library is running interactively on VAX-11/780 computer at Western Carolina University. Replacing manual files, this system is of benefit to library patrons through improved services and to library staff in providing more flexible information. Features of this locally-designed system are described by the authors.     

重尾随机和的精致大偏差及其在风险理论中的应用

对2列非负带有次指数分布的独立同分布随机变量的差,以及随机脚标为负相协随机变量生成的严平稳更新记数过程进行了探讨.利用修正的随机变量部分和的精致大偏差结果及关于负相协随机变量的基本更新定理和中心极限定理,得到了随机变量列差的随机和的精致大偏差.考虑了基于顾客来到过程的保险风险模型,利用随机和的精致大偏差结果,得到了当顾客数或者时间趋于无穷时,保险公司破产概率的一致渐近性.     

丛书编目问题探讨

丛书构成的复杂性致使丛书在编目过程中常出现很多错误,主要包括:不编制丛书综合记录,误认为4--字段能生成丛书题名检索点,错误使用连接字段,使用5--字段为不同丛书题名做检索点时选错书目记录,等等。这些错误成为影响当前丛书编目质量的严重问题,需要图书馆同仁共同探讨与努力解决。     

关于有限个自然数的幂和的组合恒等式计算法

自然数的幂和在幂指数较大的情况下计算是比较困难的。文章通过将自然数的幂表示为组合的线性结构,通过组合恒等式计算幂和,是一种行之有效的方法。     

一种由问题推动的语法研究路线——以副词“都”语义功能的探索为例

以国内外学者对副词“都”的语义功能的探索为例,倡导一种“由问题推动”的语法研究路线：以理论的眼光观察语言现象、提出明确的问题,然后通过分析相关的语言事实来论证和解决所提出的问题,并发展出新的理论原则和分析方法。首先通过提出关于“都”的语义的各种问题,引出关于“都”的语义功能的“总括”学说、全称量词理论、分配算子理论、加合算子理论,指出它们各自在理论和事实方面的困难;然后,提出一种兼擅分配学说和加合学说的综合性理论——由加合导出分配;最后,通过研究案例说明：“问题驱动”的研究策略可以兼具“数据驱动”和“理论驱动”两种研究策略的优点。