调节动物脂肪酸合成的核转录因子

脂肪酸的从头合成主要发生在肝脏和脂肪组织,肝脏脂肪酸的合成受到多种因素的调节,文章重点介绍调节脂肪酸合成的核转录因子:肝脏X受体固醇调节元件结合蛋白、碳水化合物反应元件结合蛋白。     

A new local ablation for unresectable primary liver tumor： effect of electrothermal and electrochemical therapy on rat liver

Background： Electrochemical therapy （ECT） has been used to treat unresectable hepatic tumor. In order to improve its efficacy, we combined ECT with hyperthermia induced by electrothermal needle （ETN） （ETECT）. The aim of this study is to investigate the destructive effect of ETECT on normal rat liver. Methods： Twenty rats were randomized into 4 treatment groups （n=5 in each group）： control, ECT alone, hyperthermia alone and ETECT. Following the treatment, sections of the livers were histologically examined by light microscopy and the destructive volumes were measured with micrometer. Results： We found that the destructive volumes in ETECT group were the largest （P〈0.01）. In ETECT group coagulative necrosis was found in both anode and cathode areas, around which transition zones existed. The transition zones can only be seen when coulomb was increased in ECT group. Conclusion： ETECT was demonstrated to enhance the destructive effect of ECT. This study provides theoretical and experimental basis for a new local ablative treatment for unresectable primary liver tumor.     

Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in mice with concanavalin A-induced hepatitis

Objective: To find new protein biomarkers for the detection and evaluation of liver injury and to analyze the relationship between such proteins and disease progression in concanavalin A (Con A)-induced hepatitis. Methods: Twenty-five mice were randomly divided into five groups: an untreated group, a control group injected with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and groups with Con A-induced hepatitis evaluated at 1, 3 and 6 h. Two-dimensional gel elec-trophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to identify differences in protein expression among groups. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify the results. Results: In mice with Con A-induced hepatitis, expression levels of four proteins were increased: RIKEN, fructose bisphosphatase 1 (fbp1), ketohexokinase (khk), and Chain A of class pi glutathione S-transferase. Changes in fbp1 and khk were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Conclusion: Levels of two proteins, fbp1 and khk, are cleady up-regulated in mice with Con A-induced hepatitis.     

游泳运动通过TGF-β1/Smad3通路改善自发性高血压大鼠心肌间质纤维化研究*

目的：观察游泳运动对自发性高血压大鼠心肌间质形态学及TGF-β1/Smad3信号通路的影响。方法：选取8只SPF级雄性WKY大鼠为正常对照组（C组）;20只SPF级自发性高血压大鼠随机分为模型组（H组）和SHR+运动组（EH组）,每组均10只,各组大鼠给予普通饲料喂养。运动组大鼠进行为期12周不负重游泳训练,每周训练6天,休息1天。第1周为适应性训练,从第2周开始维持60 min/d的运动时间至12周结束。干预周期结束后检测检测各组大鼠CVF%、col I和col III;QRT-PCR检测心肌Smad3,放免法检测AngII,Western-blot法检测NOX2、TGF-β1、HSP90蛋白表达。结果：（1）C组比较,H组大鼠心肌CVF%、colI、colIII、血浆AngII、心肌AngII、心肌NOX2、TGF-β1、Smad3mRNA、HSP90表达显著性增加（P<0.05或P<0.01）;与H组比较,EH组大鼠除了心肌HSP90蛋白表达显著性增加外（P<0.05）,其余指标均显著性降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论：游泳运动能较好降低SHR大鼠心肌col I和col III蛋白表达水平,改善心肌间质纤维化,主要通过降低AngII介导NOX2表达,抑制下游TGF-β1/Smad3通路激活,其中HSP90作为其上游因子,在其中可能起着重要的调节作用。     

HSP47与宫腔粘连的关系及在纤维化疾病中的意义

目的：综述HSP47在纤维化疾病中的意义,探索宫腔粘连的发病机制。方法：对HSP47在肝纤维化、肺纤维化、肾纤维化、皮肤瘢痕等纤维化疾病中的意义进行探讨,探索其与宫腔粘连的关系。结果：HSP47在纤维化疾病中高表达,与宫腔粘连的发生存在某种关系。结论：对宫腔粘连的发病机制进行探讨和展望。     

Arsenic-Induced Hepatic Toxicity and Its Attenuation by Fruit Extract of Emblica officinalis (Amla) in Mice

Arsenic a metalloid and environmental contaminated has been found to be associated with public health problems in the affected areas. It is naturally occurred in groundwater and its accumulation in plant and animals leads to toxicity in several tissues most notably hepatic organ. Arsenic exposures (3 mg/kg body weight/day for 30 days) in mice exhibited increased arsenic and Zn levels in hepatocytes associated with enhanced oxidative stress in hepatocytes while there were no significantly changes were observed in Cu level. An increase in the lipid peroxidation and decrease in the levels of reduced glutathione and activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were observed in arsenic treated mice as compared to controls. Arsenic exposure in mice also caused a significant change in serum biomarkers in the SGOT, SGPT and creatinine as compared to the controls. There were no significant changes in the serum levels of total protein in these mice. Co-administration of arsenic and fruit extract of amla (500 mg/kg body weight/day for 30 days) caused a significant reduction of arsenic transference associated with significantly decreases hepatic arsenic levels and balanced the antioxidant enzyme and levels of serum hepatic enzymes like SGOT and SGPT. The results of the present study clearly demonstrate the antioxidant property of amla that could be responsible for its protective efficacy in arsenic induced hepatic toxicity.     

Effect of dietary fatty acids on serum parameters, fatty acid compositions, and liver histology in Shaoxing laying ducks

The effects of different fatty acid (FA) contents in diet on serum parameters, FA compositions of eggs and meat, and liver morphological changes were studied in Shaoxing laying ducks. A total of 264 ducks at 17 weeks were fed a control diet or a diet containing 30 g/kg fish oil (FO), 25 g/kg sunflower oil (SO), or 30 g/kg palm oil with 20 g/kg beef tallow (PBO). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the liver and the serum of ducks fed the PBO diet was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of ducks fed the other diets. Triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly lower (P<0.05) in ducks fed the FO diet. Serum TC also was lower in ducks fed the SO diet. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was also affected by diets. The contents of polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) in eggs and meat were significantly higher (P<0.001) in ducks fed the FO and SO diets than in ducks fed the control diet. The level of C22:6 (n-3) FA in ducks fed the FO diet was significantly higher than that in ducks fed the other diets. However, the conversion efficiency of the longer-chain C20:5 (n-3) FA was higher than that of C22:6 (n-3). Ducks fed the PBO diet exhibited lipid droplet accumulation in the liver. These results demonstrate that a diet enriched with different FAs has strong effects on serum lipid levels and the deposition of PUFAs into tissue lipids.     

中医药抗肝纤维化研究进展

肝纤维化是各种慢性肝病向肝硬化发展的必经途径。中医药对肝纤维化的理论及治疗有独到见解。目前中医药抗肝纤维化的研究取得了丰硕成果。     

Review and Recommendations for the Component Tests in the Liver Function Test Profile

Pathology laboratories group some tests that they perform on their high throughput biochemistry analysers into profiles of tests that are associated with different organs (e.g. liver function tests—LFT). The components of these profiles are historic and often vary between different laboratories. This can lead to confusion and begs the question of what should be in a particular profile. In community medicine profiles may be used as screening tests but some of the components of the profiles may have low sensitivity and specificity and may produce both false positives and negatives. The LFT may include components which are poor liver function tests but are sensitive to fatty liver and hence elevations may cause unnecessary concern. Harmonisation of clinical chemistry reference intervals and units is occurring now so it is time to consider a similar process for components of a profile. A proposed list of analytes to be performed in the LFT profile is given.     

独活寄生汤联合来氟米特治疗类风湿关节炎临床研究

目的:对独活寄生汤联合来氟米特片治疗类风湿关节炎的临床疗效进行观察。方法:对独活寄生汤联合来氟米特片治疗类风湿关节炎(肝肾亏虚型)的临床疗效进行回顾性分析;应用随机数字表把纳入的120例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,两组各60例,对照组给予来氟米特片治疗;治疗组予以独活寄生汤联合来氟米特片治疗,1疗程为6个月,分别于治疗前、治疗1个月、2个月、3个月对患者进行DAS-28评分并采用HAQ健康评估问卷进行生存质量评估。结果:治疗组总有效率、显效率分别为88.33%和80%;对照组总有效率、显效率分别为73.33%和61.61%。总有效率、显效率治疗组均显著优于对照组。两组患者HAQ评分、DAS-28评分在治疗1个月均有所改善,病情得到控制;两组患者HAQ评分、DAS-28评分在2个月后仍继续减少,病情初步缓解,较本组治疗前有显著性差异(P0.05),组间相比仍无显著性差异(P0.05);两组患者在治疗结束时HAQ评分、DAS-28评分明显减少,病情完全控制,较本组治疗前及治疗1个月有显著性差异(P0.05),组间相比均有显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:独活寄生汤联合来氟米特片可有效改善肝肾亏虚型型类风湿关节炎患者的临床症状及实验室指标,且无明显不良反应,提高生存质量,取得了满意效果。