论新制度学派企业理论方法论的局限性

以新制度学派为代表的新自由主义企业理论方法论存在三方面的根本缺陷:以个人主义方法论作为企业理论研究的基础;把"新经济人"假设作为研究出发点;采用静态比较的方法,把企业问题仅仅置于交换领域中研究.因此,新自由主义企业理论方法论从根本上看是不科学的.     

我国图书馆学研究方法的现状与思考

文章主要从我国图书馆学的研究方法入手,对研究方法的历史与现状进行了分析,并着重对目前我国图书馆学研究方法中存在的问题提出了参考性的建议。     

《湖南农民运动考察报告》中思想政治教育的方法论意蕴

《湖南农民运动考察报告》在毛泽东的众多著作中占据极其显著的地位,它不仅包含着丰富的具体理论和内容,也蕴含着深邃的方法论思想。从思想政治教育视角剖析《湖南农民运动考察报告》可以发现其蕴含着丰富的方法论思想,例如调查研究方法、注重群众力量工作方法、具体问题具体分析方法、问题意识以及创新思维的工作方法等等。认真学习和领会这些方法对于今后一个时期做好思想政治教育工作具有重要的方法论借鉴意义。     

论音乐教育对儿童成长的作用

音乐教育对儿童个性的发展完善、心灵的成长、智慧的开发启迪有着极其重要的作用。本文主要针对音乐教育对儿童成长的作用进行研究,分别从让儿童认识世界,培养爱心,培养兴趣,培养形象思维,培养想象力和创造力等方面进行阐述,试图让人们了解儿童成长过程中音乐教育有着非常积极的影响和不可替代的作用。     

信用风险评估方法发展趋势

本文追溯和分析了20年以来国内外在信用风险评估方法上的创新、应用及其发展趋势,为我国金融机构信用风险管理提供一些有益的借鉴。     

Comfort assessment of running footwear: Does assessment type affect inter-session reliability?

Assessing comfort of running footwear reliably is challenging. The purpose of this study was to compare the intra-rater reliability between different assessment types, to calculate intra-individual reliability scores and to evaluate the effect of rater selection based on individual reliability scores on group level reliability. Three assessment types: ranking, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Likert Scale (LS) were provided twice in six separate sessions among 30 participants, who assessed comfort of five shoes after treadmill running. Spearman's rho provided an evaluation of inter-session relative reliability and typical error as a measure of absolute reliability for each assessment type. Ranking (r?=?0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61–0.78) yielded the highest relative reliability for overall comfort, followed by VAS (r?=?0.67, 95% CI 0.56–0.75) and LS (r?=?0.63, 95% CI 0.52–0.72), with large-scale overlaps of CIs between assessment types. The same order of assessment types was found for the percentage of reliable raters (r?≥?0.7) with 60% in ranking scale, 47% in VAS and 37% in LS. Forming subgroups corresponding to the intra-individual reliability substantially increased group level reliabilities. Based on measures of relative reliability, an extreme reduction in resolution as provided by the ranking from pairwise comparisons seems to be a valuable tool in footwear comfort assessments if assessment time is of minor importance. No preference can be provided for the two investigated rating scales. Besides the assessment type, a selection of the best raters in additional reliability checks seems to be a prerequisite for further comfort-related studies.     

Researching up and across in physical education and sport pedagogy: methodological lessons learned from an intergenerational narrative inquiry

Of issue in this paper are the ways in which different forms of narrative may be of value in undertaking research in potentially thorny situations. The project that inspired this paper saw 30 Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy (PESP) Early Career Academics (ECAs) from more than 20 universities across Australasia, North America and Europe, provide narrative accounts of their ongoing academic experiences. From these stories, three letters seeking advice and guidance from leaders in the field were constructed. Following further feedback from the ECAs, the 3 letters were sent to 11 professors in the PESP field with a request to respond, also in letter form. The composite letters and the professorial responses were then the subject of a symposium at an international PESP conference. While the larger project engages with questions of being and becoming an academic in the neoliberal university, this paper is primarily concerned with methodological issues, including our steps and missteps with narrative, inquiry and the field. More specifically, the focus is on narrative as both the method and phenomena of study. As such, we consider issues associated with using dialogue as data, the provocation of participants, as well as both the presentation and representation of data and the relative power of the participants. In doing so, we critically engage with issues of anonymity (or lack thereof), the practice of ‘researching up’ and finally reach the conclusion that the careful approach to data generation, treatment and presentation necessitated by this project, should be a more regular feature of all qualitative inquiry.     

A post-social conceptual framework for exploring object narratives in sport organisations

In this article we propose a theoretical framework for narrative analysis that gives voice to objects in sport organisations. Despite considerable interest in the symbolic and mnemonic potency of some sporting objects – most notably memorabilia – many organisational objects go unnoticed, whilst little attention has been paid to methods for gathering stories from inanimate objects. We suggest that material objects in sport organisations participate in narrative production and therefore constitute a rich investigative site. We adopt a post-social approach to narrative methodology where objects are recognised as non-human actors in organisational sense-making, not as narrative repositories that ‘contain’ stories and memories. A three-domain research framework is developed recommending an approach to eliciting an object narrative within a sport organisation. First, object materiality exposes the significant networks of forces, materials and people – and therefore episodes and actors – that engage with and through objects. Second, since people and objects are enmeshed in sequenced, workplace activities, object practice allows organisational agents to define what stories objects can tell whilst objects reciprocally bound the scope of human performance. Third, object biography provides a strategy to map the connections and transitions that occur over the lifecourse of an object, which reveals a changing web of organisational relations.     

关于训练理论研究中若干方法论问题的思考

摘要：我国训练理论研究水平仍处在经验阶段,训练理论的治理迫在眉睫。运用文献资料法、逻辑法、时序法等研究方法,以科学技术哲学与复杂性科学为研究视角,从方法论层面试厘清训练理论研究中所出现的问题,以及未来研究趋向等问题。研究认为复杂性是认识训练规律的路径、科学理性是提升训练理论着眼点、学科交叉性是促进训练理论增长点、非线性是促使训练理论研究转型、整体性是表达训练理论的要义。通过提出超越传统意义上的方法论纲领,以期加快竞技体育治理体系和治理能力的现代化,适应国家竞技体育发展战略的需求;希冀训练理论对现代训练实践的要求做出科学地解释与说明,实现训练理论在实践中的应用性和操作性。     

‘We Have to Go Where the Money Is’—Dilemmas in the Role of Nutrition Scientists: An Interview Study

In Western societies scientists are increasingly expected to seek media exposure and cooperate with industry. Little attention has been given to the way such expectations affect the role of scientific experts in society. To investigate scientists’ own perspectives on these issues eight exploratory, in-depth interviews were conducted in Denmark with reputable nutrition scientists. Additionally, eight interviews were held with ‘key informants’ from the field of nutrition policy. It was found that nutrition scientists experience two dilemmas: first, between their aspiration to make a collective impact on public health and the powerful incentives of each to appear frequently in the media with new messages; second, between their need to cooperate with the food industry for financial reasons and their fear that this may compromise their independence and scientific integrity. It is argued that the dilemmas identified in this study should be dealt with openly by the relevant groups of scientists.