Separated and integrated perspectives on environmental,economic, and social dimensions – an investigation of student views on sustainable development

The sustainable development (SD) concept is based on the idea that economic and social development should be linked to the environment. However, controversies about various associated issues often arise due to the differences in protagonists’ viewpoints, depending partly on whether they focus mainly on environmental, economic, or social dimensions and partly on ideological stances related (for instance) to the optimal ways of promoting economic growth and social justice. This study investigates views of 638 Swedish upper secondary students who responded to a questionnaire probing their views of SD from two perspectives. In the first, the dimensions were separately introduced, so the respondents only had to consider one dimension at a time. In the second, the dimensions were introduced in an integrated fashion, so the respondents had to consider effects related to all three dimensions. The results strongly indicate that the students’ views and priorities concerning the dimensions depend on both the perspective and the context. Implications for teaching and learning are discussed.     

中央“九月来信”述论——兼论应当重视对中央文件的研究

周恩来主持起草的“九月来信”是中共早期历史的一份重要文件,但长期对此的作用认识不足。文章披露了1929年红四军转战赣南前后毛泽东与朱德等的分歧及原因,论及红四军党的七大、八大对此处理的失当之处,说明了中央“九月来信”的产生经过、主要内容和落实过程,认为:1.来信成功解决了四军党内的团结问题,为朱毛红军的持续发展提供了可能,为毛泽东后来充分施展才华创造了必要条件;2.来信第一次用中央文件的方式对农村包围城市道路进行了深刻的理论概括,在毛泽东思想形成的进程中具有重要意义;3.来信为毛泽东建党建军思想提供了丰富的理论素材与纲领性、方向性的指导意见,为党的思想政治工作积累了丰富经验,至今仍具重要的启示作用。     

Should Science be Taught in Early Childhood?

This essay considers the question of why we should teach science to K-2. After initial consideration of two traditional reasons for studying science, six assertions supporting the idea that even small children should be exposed to science are given. These are, in order: (1) Children naturally enjoy observing and thinking about nature. (2) Exposing students to science develops positive attitudes towards science. (3) Early exposure to scientific phenomena leads to better understanding of the scientific concepts studied later in a formal way. (4) The use of scientifically informed language at an early age influences the eventual development of scientific concepts. (5) Children can understand scientific concepts and reason scientifically. (6) Science is an efficient means for developing scientific thinking. Concrete illustrations of some of the ideas discussed in this essay, particularly, how language and prior knowledge may influence the development of scientific concepts, are then provided. The essay concludes by emphasizing that there is a window of opportunity that educators should exploit by presenting science as part of the curriculum in both kindergarten and the first years of primary school.     

抗战期间阎锡山为何能够偏安晋西达7年之久

抗战时期，阎锡山在晋西偏安长达7年之久的原因有：主观上根据其“存在就是真正”的哲学观点，不断加强政治统治，多方开辟财源，积极扩充军队；客观上日军的诱降，根据地的屏障，国民党的支持。     

关于加强人大对财政预算审查监督的法律思考

审查、批准财政预算并监督预算执行，是宪法和法律赋予各级人大及其常委会的一项重要职权，但囿于种种原因，人大审批监督预算的权力和其他权力一样并未得以有效行使。为建立一个廉洁高效的政府。为确保社会主义财政真正实现取之于民，用之于民，以健全配套法律，改革预算机制，理顺审计体制等方式不断推进和完善人大审查监督财政预算机制势在必行。     

"通灵宝玉":戏剧家曹禺的凡人情怀

曹禺建国后戏剧创作的跌落,许多论者曾从不同的维度探讨其构因.论文从主客体的关系切入,着重论述曹禺前后期剧作人物形象的人文意蕴,以艺术价值的反差,从一个侧面揭示了曹禺后期创作失落“通灵宝玉“的主客观构因.     

关于儿童美术教育的一点认识

根据儿童的生理，心理特征实施正确的教育，将保保护儿童天真纯朴的本性，同时也可以培养儿童的学习兴趣，想象力和创造力，以及进一步挖掘儿童的思维潜能，培养儿童的自信心和坚强意志。     

论信息管理人员的信息素质及其培养

21世纪是一个信息化的社会。对于从事信息管理的高校信息管理人员来说,除具备基本的素质之外,还应具备信息素质。信息管理人员的信息素质包括信息意识、信息能力及信息服务等。对高校信息管理人员的教育和培养应从提高信息管理人员对信息素质的认识和提高实际水平等方面进行。     

Maintaining teachers’ face in the context of change: results from a study of Vietnamese college lecturers’ perceptions of face

Gaining and saving face are very important in Vietnam as a mechanism of social control, including the professional behaviour of teachers. Interviews with 15 lecturers (aged 24–37) at a teacher training college in a Central Coast province of Vietnam illustrated the relationship between their concepts of face and their beliefs about good teaching. Most were still strongly influenced by traditional Confucian beliefs about the role and position of teachers, the nature of teachers’ knowledge and the relationship between teachers and students. On the other hand, some teachers also were aware of, and to a limited extent open to, more modern ideas that seemed to be related to broad social changes and reforms in approaches to teaching and learning in recent decades in Vietnam. The findings suggest that some teacher educators are uncertain about the value of traditional professional wisdom in the context of critical changes in society and in education. The research also suggests that the concepts of face and saving face are important for teachers’ sense of agency, and that Vietnamese educational authorities could increase the effectiveness of innovations in teacher education by paying attention to the influence of concepts of face on the teachers’ beliefs and behaviours.