Responses to oral glucose challenge differ by physical activity volume and intensity: A pilot study

BackgroundOne-hour postprandial hyperglycemia is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical activity (PA) has short-term beneficial effects on post-meal glucose response. This study compared the oral glucose tolerance test results of 3 groups of people with habitually different levels of PA.MethodsThirty-one adults without diabetes (age 25.9 ± 6.6 years; body mass index 23.8 ± 3.8 kg/m²; mean ± SD) were recruited and divided into 3 groups based on self-reported PA volume and intensity: low activity < 30 min/day of moderate-intensity activity (n = 11), moderately active ≥ 30 min/day of moderate-intensity PA (n = 10), and very active ≥ 60 min/day of PA at high intensity (n = 10). Participants completed an oral glucose tolerance test (50 g glucose) with capillary blood samples obtained at baseline, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min post-ingestion.ResultsThere were no significant differences between groups for age or body fat percentage or glycated hemoglobin (p > 0.05). The groups were significantly different in terms of baseline glucose level (p = 0.003) and, marginally, for gender (p = 0.053) and BMI (p = 0.050). There was a statistically significant effect of PA on the 1-h postprandial glucose results (p = 0.029), with differences between very active and low activity groups (p = 0.008) but not between the moderately active and low activity groups (p = 0.360), even when baseline glucose level and gender differences were accounted for. For incremental area under the curve there was no significant effect of activity group once gender and body fat percentage had been accounted for (p = 0.401). Those in the low activity group took 15 min longer to reach peak glucose level than those in the very active group (p = 0.012).ConclusionThe results suggest that high levels of PA have a beneficial effect on postprandial blood glucose profiles when compared to low and moderate levels of activity.     

NiCo_2O_4纳米结构阵列的水热合成与氧析出特性研究

钴酸镍纳米材料具有良好的电催化氧析出反应(Oxygen Evolution Reaction,OER)活性,是一种很有发展潜力的非贵金属电催化材料。文章以碳纤维纸为基底,采用水热合成的方法对纳米结构钴酸镍的生长进行了系统的研究,分别考察了生长温度、前驱体浓度和配比、生长时间对产物的形貌、尺寸、物相结构、OER电化学性能的影响,通过对比分析后发现在生长温度100℃、生长时间5h、镍钴比为2:1时所获得的多孔片状钴酸镍纳米结构具有最佳的OER特性。     

Utility of P-SEP,sTREM-1 and suPAR as Novel Sepsis Biomarkers in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

The coronavirus disease 2019 is a highly contagious viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, member of coronaviridae family. It causes life threatening complications due to complexity and rapid onset course of the disease. Early identification of high-risk patients who require close monitoring and aggressive treatment remains challengeable till date. Novel biomarkers which help to identify high risk patients at the early stage is high priority. Objective of this review to find utility of P-SEP, sTREM-1 and suPAR for diagnosis, risk stratification and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infected cases. Soluble receptors like, P-SEP, sTREM-1 and suPAR have been involved in immune regulation in SARS-CoV-2 infection and elevate more in severe cases. A comprehensive research of databases like PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI and Web of Science was performed for relevant studies. A total of nine out of fifteen research literature in initial screening were included for this review. Interestingly all studies have reported high levels of P-SEP, sTREM-1 and suPAR in SARS-CoV-2 infected cases and the biomarkers positively correlated with severity of infection. This implies that P-SEP, sTREM-1 and suPAR can be implemented as surrogate marker in blood profile for early diagnosis, risk stratification and prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 for better management in Indian population at the current situation.     

Combined effects of exposure to hypoxia and cool on walking economy and muscle oxygenation profiles at tibialis anterior

We investigated combined effects of ambient temperature (23°C or 13°C) and fraction of inspired oxygen (21%O₂ or 13%O₂) on energy cost of walking (C_w: J·kg^?1·km^?1) and economical speed (ES). Eighteen healthy young adults (11 males, seven females) walked at seven speeds from 0.67 to 1.67 m s^?1 (four min per stage). Environmental conditions were set; thermoneutral (N: 23°C) with normoxia (N: 21%O₂) = NN; 23°C (N) with hypoxia (H: 13%O₂) = NH; cool (C: 13°C) with 21%O₂ (N) = CN, and 13°C (C) with 13%O₂ (H) = CH. Muscle deoxygenation (HHb) and tissue O₂ saturation (StO₂) were measured at tibialis anterior. We found a significantly slower ES in NH (1.289 ± 0.091 m s^?1) and CH (1.275 ± 0.099 m s^?1) than in NN (1.334 ± 0.112 m s^?1) and CN (1.332 ± 0.104 m s^?1). Changes in HHb and StO₂ were related to the ES. These results suggested that the combined effects (exposure to hypoxia and cool) is nearly equal to exposure to hypoxia and cool individually. Specifically, acute moderate hypoxia slowed the ES by approx. 4%, but acute cool environment did not affect the ES. Further, HHb and StO₂ may partly account for an individual ES.     

Replication,pathogenicity, and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in minks

Minks are raised in many countries and have transmitted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to humans. However, the biologic properties of SARS-CoV-2 in minks are largely unknown. Here, we investigated and found that SARS-CoV-2 replicates efficiently in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts, and transmits efficiently in minks via respiratory droplets; pulmonary lesions caused by SARS-CoV-2 in minks are similar to those seen in humans with COVID-19. We further found that a spike protein-based subunit vaccine largely prevented SARS-CoV-2 replication and lung damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in minks. Our study indicates that minks are a useful animal model for evaluating the efficacy of drugs or vaccines against COVID-19 and that vaccination is a potential strategy to prevent minks from transmitting SARS-CoV-2.     

Na2S2O3溶液标定实验的误差分析

本文针对Na2S2O3溶液标定实验的误差分析这一难点,通过引导学生归纳总结,得到的结论为所有的误操作都可引起消耗的V(Na2S2O3)变化,进而导致测定结果C(Na2S2O3)的变化,由此,笔者给出了如何避免误操作的建议.     

架设三二连续“中高职贯通”立交桥——关于“三二连读”人才培养工作的几点思考

实施中高职＂三二连读＂体制改革模式的目的是培养社会需要的合格人才。要明确合作定位：以构建职教集团来实践、探索一种新的中高职衔接的模式;要明确目标定位：力求特色发展、品牌打造,合作共赢。高职教育面临着＂学教做合一＂教育观的确立、高职教育课程改革推进、教学管理与学生服务一体化的实施等一系列亟待解决的问题,而以＂三二连读＂为载体的中高职衔接新模式将可以为高职教育发展拓展新的空间,而坚持高职教育高素质高技能的应用型人才培养定位,可以为社会培育合格的＂全人＂。这些都是高职教育的生命力所在。     

非金融机构开展互联网金融的现况、影响及监管

2005年开始,国内兴起非金融机构经营互联网金融业务的热潮。非金融机构提供在线互联网金融服务,经营业务主要包括“支付”与“投、融资”两大类,其形态主要有四：第三方支付、基金销售、P2P网络借贷,以及众筹。非金融机构经营互联网金融,虽可加快国内金融业转型的步伐,并满足中小企业及个人无法自银行取得资金的投、融资需求,但也因发展过速,监管不足,致使网络借贷倒闭事件频传,不利于金融稳定等诸多负面效应。为此,需要主管机关研究制定与互联网金融相关的法律,加强监管,并准许这些非金融机构转型为正规商业银行。     

The Impact of an Erasmus Placement in Students’ Perception of their Intercultural Communicative Competence

Pre- and post-questionnaires answered by UK Nottingham Trent University (NTU) and Spain’s University of Salamanca (USAL) students on their placement abroad support a comparative analysis of its impact on their intercultural communicative competence, comprising the awareness, attitude, skills and knowledge dimensions. NTU students started their placements with better results in them all. Yet, while both groups completed their stay with a similarly increased awareness, the knowledge and skills of the USAL group matched the results of NTU students and, whereas the scores of the attitude dimension towards the host country of NTU students did not increase significantly, those of USAL students decreased.     

补充食醋对力竭运动大鼠肾组织bax、bcl-2和p53蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨补充食醋对急性力竭运动大鼠肾组织细胞凋亡调控基因bax、bcl-2和p53蛋白表达的影响.方法:成年雄性SD大鼠24只,随机分成3组:安静对照组、运动组和食醋组.安静对照组不运动,运动组和食醋组进行一次力竭运动.安静对照组和运动组在力竭运动前均灌胃一次生理盐水,而食醋组灌胃食醋一次.力竭运动后即刻处死大鼠,取肾组织,免疫组织化学法检测bax、bcl-2和p53的蛋白表达.结果:与安静对照组相比,运动组和食醋组bax、bcl-2和p53蛋白表达的平均光密度值(MOD)、阳性物质表达面积和阳性指数PI显著增高(P相似文献