Assessing students’ critical thinking performance: Urging for measurements using multi-response format

The current paper discusses ambiguities in critical thinking assessment. The paper first reviews the components of critical thinking. It then discusses the features and issues of commonly used critical thinking tests and to what extend they are made compatible to the conceptualization of critical thinking. The paper argues that critical thinking tests utilizing a single multiple-choice response format measures only recognition or level of knowledge, and do not adequately capture the dispositional characteristics of test-takers. Multiple-choice response format does not reveal test-takers’ underlying reasoning for choosing a particular answer, nor does it reflect test-takers’ ability to think critically under unprompted situations. Whereas measurement that allows for responses in both multiple-choice and open-ended format makes it possible to assess individuals’ spontaneous application of thinking skills on top of their ability to recognize a correct response. Assessment consists of multi-response format should be pursued for effective evaluation of students’ critical thinking performance.     

管理类专业多维组合教学法的理论研究与实践

任何一种教学方法都有其局限与不足,为此,作者试图通过融合两种以上教学方法,如实践＋探究式、单向灌输＋双向互动＋多向互动式、框架＋案例式、单向灌输式＋峰终体验式等多维组合,互相取长补短,以弥补单一教学方法之不足。实践证明是可行的。     

反问特有的句法结构

反问特有的句法结构指只能用来反问而不能用来询问的句法结构。对反问特有格式的归纳,宜小不宜大,宜细不宜粗。如果对反问句的格式进行甄别和梳理,穷尽地归纳,可将其总结为37种。此外,还有一些固定短语构成的唯反问格式。     

产业重构背景下的复合型旅游业态浅析

复合型旅游业态是现代旅游业转型升级过程中涌现出的新型旅游业态。运营商通过业务复合、空间复合和客源复合等运作方式满足和引导游客日益多元的旅游需求,形成了诸如＂旅行社＋航空＂、＂旅游＋地产＂、＂影视＋旅游＂、＂商业＋旅游＂、＂农业＋旅游＂、＂会展＋酒店＂、＂旅行社＋酒店＋租车公司＋旅游景点＂等复合旅游业态。复合型旅游业态在管理模式、经营模式和盈利模式上也呈现出了一定的运营规律。     

国外最新图书馆战略规划体例研究——基于51份战略规划文本的分析

以51个国外最新的战略规划文本为主要依据,采用数理统计的方法对战略规划体例进行宏观分析,并按使用频率对体例进行等级划分,得出必备体例、核心体例、常用体例与备选体例;按内容特点将体例要素归纳为介绍性体例、定位性体例与战略性体例进行深入细化分析,并介绍SWOT分析、绩效评估与风险管理等三类特色体例;总结国外战略规划的优势与特点,结合我国实际给出相应建议,为我国图书馆战略规划文本的编排和撰写提供有意义的参考和借鉴。     

数字权利管理系统的互操作与体系结构

数字权利管理系统互操作性问题的最终解决取决于其体系结构的标准化。从DRM的垂直市场应用模式现状出发,结合MPEG、OMA、CORAL等典型互操作解决方案,分析了现有DRM系统的主要解决思路,并借鉴计算机网络开放系统互联模型的体系结构思想,通过对DRM技术要素及功能的研究归纳,提出了一种开放、层次化的DRM体系结构模型,探讨了层次之间的相互关系以及针对互操作的DRM系统各层应解决的主要问题,为DRM技术的标准化研究提供了新的视角。     

三维空间中Euler方程的有限差分方法

研究三维Euler方程具有非常重要的意义,但是我们很难求得此方程的精确解,目前就理论上做了少量工作,构造了部分精确解,主要构造Euler方程的数值解为现实生活提供一些信息;因此,将从数值解入手,研究三维Euler方程向后差分格式和Lax-Friedrichs格式的解及精确解,利用MATLAB程序做差分解和误差的图像,同时讨论他们的解的优缺点.     

撰写英语学士学位论文应注意的问题

英语专业本科毕业生撰写学士学位论时，往往在论格式和字表达方面存在较大的问题。在对此进行分析的基础上，提出了改进意见，以期提高论质量，顺利通过论答辩。     

How to improve statistical thinking: Choose the task representation wisely and learn by doing

Attempts to teach statistical thinking usingcorrective feedback or a rule-training approach havebeen only moderately successful. A new trainingapproach is proposed which relies on the assumptionthat the human mind is naturally equipped to solvemany statistical tasks in which the relevantinformation is presented in terms of absolutefrequencies instead of probabilities. In aninvestigation of this approach, people were trained tosolve tasks involving conjunctive and conditionalprobabilities using a frequency grid to representprobability information. It is suggested that learningby doing, whose importance was largely neglected inprior training studies, has played a major role in thecurrent training. Study 1 showed that training thatcombines external pictorial representations andlearning by doing has a large and lasting effect onhow well people can solve conjunctive probabilitytasks. A ceiling effect prevented comparison of thefrequency grid and a conventional pictorialrepresentation (Venn diagrams) with respect toeffectiveness. However, the grid representation wasfound to be more effective in Study 2, which dealtwith the more difficult topic of conditionalprobabilities. These results suggest methods tooptimize the teaching of statistical thinking and thepresentation of statistical information in themedia.     

异构数据库更新同步研究与实现

数据库同步是实现不同系统之间数据共享的有效方法。现有异构数据库同步模型能有效解决记录的同步新增,但由于同步记录查询基于数据表名和关键字值,若不考虑同步数据库节点变化,将导致数据库不适用于某些遗留系统。针对该问题,提出同步控制和主从记录映射方法,在同步控制层记录主从记录映射关系。在采用双向中间件方法的同步技术基础上,设计基于标准数据格式的数据转换,降低数据转换模块开发维护成本,并根据模型应用WCF框架实现系统。实践应用表明,该模型可实现异构数库之间同步更新。