市场调研课程教学问题之探讨

市场营销调研课程是营销专业一门非常重要的专业基础课。文章针对该课程开设的学期问题、执教该课程教师的定位问题、执教该课程会遇到实践的问题、该课程开设的目标问题等,提出以“学习社会”价值观改善市场营销调研教学的方法,具体为：建立系统而完善的市场营销调研教学目标体系,进一步完善市场营销调研课程教学的过程和内容,改善并加强市场营销调研课程的教学方法和手段,从而培养出高素质的人才。     

校本课程开发的几点建议

校本课程开发是对国家教材的再改造,是跨学科的综合课程资源整合,也可以是对原有课程进行的拓展。校本课程开发类型主要包括技能型兴趣课程、社会性的实践课程和情感教育类课程。     

运动对2型糖尿病病人心血管系统的影响

运动作为2型糖尿病病人治疗的基石,以前的研究认为运动对2型糖尿病的心血管功能具有有益的作用,目前许多研究认为运动能改善大血管的功能,而对微血管的功能影响不同,本文采用文献资料法对运动对心血管的影响进行阐述。     

马克思文本研究中的五种类型

马克思文本的研究虽然并不是马克思主义研究的全部内客 ,但始终是这种研究永恒的基础。回顾马克思主义发展的曲折历程 ,不可或缺的内容之一就是对经典文本研究史的反思。在一个多世纪的研究历程中 ,由于研究者各自不同的情形、千差万别的研究动机、错综复杂的社会氛围 ,对马克思文本的关注程度、探究重点、解释思路、观点阐发等方面表现出程度不同的差异 ,形成了多种派别或研究类型。对马克思文本研究中出现的这些派别和类型我们不应抱一种先定的主观成见 ,单纯做“善意”维护或“恶意”攻击的定性 ;而应该仔细甄别情况 ,具体言说和分析     

辽宁省城市居民参与观赏型体育消费的现状及对策研究

文章运用问卷调查等方法对辽宁省14个城市居民参与"观赏型"体育消费的现状进行调查与分析,试图找出影响辽宁省城市居民参与"观赏型"体育消费的因素,并提出刺激城市居民进行"观赏型"体育消费的措施与对策,为促进辽宁省承办第十二届全运会的观赏型体育消费,大力发展体育产业,提供一定的参考依据。     

《彝汉大词典》中拟声词的静态描写

彝语有丰富的拟声词。以《彝汉大词典》收录的拟声词为语料,分析了彝语拟声词的基本形式和扩展形式、拟声词的语义及其发展,对拟声词的造词能力进行了描写,并进一步对彝语拟声词的归类问题作了简要的说明,认为拟声词是彝语词类中的一个独立类别。     

A preliminary evaluation of VEGF-A,VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 in patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective

Decompensated chronic hyperglycemia often leads to late microvascular complications such as retinopathy, diabetic foot syndrome, and diabetic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and its receptors in patients with well-controlled diabetes.

Methods

The study was conducted on 31 patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes without micro-or macroangiopathy. Thirty healthy volunteers were enrolled in a control group. Serum concentrations of VEGF-A, VEGF receptors 1 and 2 (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2), fasting glucose, and lipid profiles were measured, and the plasma concentration of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was determined.

Results

No significant differences were observed between the concentration of VEGF-A, VEGFR1 or VEGFR2 in the subject group and that in the control group. Positive correlations were noted between the levels of VEGF-A, VEGFR2, and triglyceride, and there was a negative correlation between the levels of VEGFR2 and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol in the study group.

Conclusions

The concentrations of VEGF-A and its receptors 1 and 2 in patients with well-controlled diabetes are comparable to those of healthy individuals, which may indicate that appropriate control of glucose levels delays the occurrence of vascular complications. A negative correlation between VEGFR2 and HDL-cholesterol levels, and positive correlations between VEGF-A, VEGFR2, and triglyceride levels, suggest that lipid abnormalities occurring in diabetes may be involved in the modulation of angiogenesis.     

葛根与丹参对2型糖尿病大鼠模型胰岛素抵抗的影响

观察中药葛根、丹参对实验性2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗的作用。用高热量饲料加小剂量链脲佐菌素（STZ）（30 mg/kg）注射复制2型糖尿病大鼠模型,经葛根、丹参治疗6周,测定大鼠空腹血糖、血脂、血清胰岛素等含量,并计算出胰岛素敏感指数;葛根能显著降低糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖、血脂的含量,提高胰岛素敏感指数;葛根通过改善糖脂代谢,提高胰岛素的敏感性,具有改善实验性2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗的作用。     

Impairment of Mitochondrial–Nuclear Cross Talk in Neutrophils of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Increased leukocyte apoptosis is intrinsically linked to disease patho-physiology, susceptibility to and severity of infections in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. A consistent defect in neutrophil function is considered central to this increased risk for infections. Although redox imbalance is considered a potential mediator of these associated complications, detailed molecular evidence in clinical samples remains largely undetected. The study consisted of three groups (n = 50 each) of Asian Indians: early diagnosed diabetic patients, cases with late-onset diabetic complications and age and gender-matched healthy controls. We evaluated mitochondrial oxidative stress, levels of nuclear DNA damage and apoptosis in peripheral blood neutrophils isolated from T2DM patients. We observed that in both early and late diabetic subjects, the HbA1c levels in neutrophils were altered considerably with respect to healthy controls. Increased oxidative stress observed in both early and late diabetics imply the disentanglement of fine equilibrium of mitochondria-nuclear cross talk which eventually effected the augmentation of downstream nuclear γH2AX activation and caspase-3 expression. It would be overly naïve to refute the fact that mitochondrial deregulation in neutrophils perturbs immunological balance in type 2 diabetic conditions. By virtue of our data, we posit that maneuvering mitochondrial function might offer a prospective and viable method to modulate neutrophil function in T2DM. Nevertheless, similar investigations from other ethnic groups in conjunction with experimental evidences would be a preeminent need. Obviously, our study might aid to comprehend this complex interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction and neutrophil homeostasis in T2DM.