"地下工程测量"实习基地建设的探索与实践

"地下工程测量"是河南理工大学测绘工程专业一门重要的专业课。针对新形势下该课程实习所出现的问题,从课程的教学、实习特点出发,依据人防工程平战结合战略,充分利用人防工程,建成了具有别具特色的"地下工程测量"实习基地。加强了实践性教学环节,提高了教学质量,带动了教师们的教学科研水平,拓展了人防工程平战结合的新思路,收到了良好的效果。     

高校图书馆期刊资源的开发与利用

本文阐述期刊资源的重要性，并从优化服务、优化管理、加强读者指导等几个方面论述了怎样搞好期刊资源的开发与利用。     

Does maternal employment influence poor children’s social development?

Various initiatives over the past 40 years have aimed to strengthen children’s early learning and social development. One policy theory—manifest in recent welfare reforms—postulates that requiring single mothers to work more outside the home will advance children’s well-being. We first examine whether young children’s social development is related to maternal employment among 405 women who entered welfare-to-work programs in 1998. For girls, age 24–42 months, we found that their mother’s recent employment duration was significantly associated with a lower incidence of aggressive behavior and inattentiveness, measured by two scales from the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 2/3). Yet these relationships with employment were weaker than more robust associations observed for proximal child-rearing practices, including the frequency of reading with the child, enforcing a regular bedtime, the propensity to spank the child, as well as levels of maternal depression. We then assess whether broader measures of the mother’s economic security help to predict these proximal determinants of development. We observed that food security and indicators of job quality consistently predicted the proximal factors. Structural equation models (SEM) provided additional evidence that these broader indicators of economic security, but not recent employment per se, operated through parenting practices and maternal depression to influence girls’ and boys’ social development. These results are consistent with recent findings from random-assignment experiments, showing that employment gains rarely affect child outcomes unless mothers’ income and broader economic security also improve.     

云南省新平县哈尼族卡多人语言使用

卡多语言作为哈尼语言中的一个分支，很少有人涉笔对它进行调查研究，本文对卡多人有代表性的三个聚居点的语言使用实况作了实地调查，对卡多人当今语言使用状况、变化及发展如实进行了分析，对其语言使用趋势作出了预测。     

城乡交错区农地使用权市场的实证研究

利用山东牟平宁海镇、江苏海州洪门乡和浙江绍兴柯桥镇等三个乡镇的调查资料，剖析了城乡交错区农地使用权市场发育的现状和问题。分析结果表明，城乡交错区的农地使用权市场十分活跃，集体出让农地是农地使用权市场的主要供给方式，而农户之间的农地自发交易则存在着短期限、无正式契约等不规范的特征。农户对土地产权的不稳定预期和缺乏运行良好的市场中介机构阻碍了城乡交错区农地使用权市场的进一步发育。     

Beyond Access: Psychosocial Barriers to Computer Literacy

Research consistently indicates that Latinos and African-Americans are less likely to own and use computers than either Caucasians or Asians. While conventional wisdom holds that high computer costs and lack of access are the primary reasons for this discrepancy, my ethnographic research with 100 low-income adults reveals three non-cost-related psychosocial obstacles that significantly undermine motivation for acquiring computer skills: “relevance,” “fear,” and “self-concept.” My research thus suggests that a more complex relationship exists between ethnicity, identity, and attitudes associated with computers than previously examined; this relationship may better explain why some people are choosing not to use computers at this time. My research also indicates that while community technology centers (CTCs) play an important role in helping adults overcome their resistances and achieve computer literacy, they are presently an underutilized resource—less than 5% of San Diegans use them to meet their computing needs. Hence, my research also questions why more residents do not avail themselves of these community resources. I conclude that efforts to increase computer literacy in underserved communities must go beyond physical access and connectivity and consider the role of cultural factors.     

1990～2012年北部湾经济区土地利用程度变化分析

通过对1990～2012年北部湾经济区土地利用结构的变化分析,运用土地利用程度指数模型以及土地利用程度变化模型统计了各地区土地利用程度的时空变化特征及其区域差异。结果表明,1990～2012年北部湾经济区土地利用程度大幅度提升,增加了43.22个百分点,但土地利用程度分布格局并未发生太大变化;土地利用程度变化量及其变化率均大于0,土地利用处于发展期;在自然条件的限制下,区域内部土地利用程度差异较大。     

美国2005年最佳免费参考网站评介与启示

介绍了美国图书馆协会下属机构MARS年度最佳免费参考网站评选活动的概况，对2005年的入选网站作了选择性的介绍，提出了该评选活动的几个特点及启示。     

内蒙古自治区奈曼旗土地利用变化预测研究

该文以奈曼旗1995年~1999年的土地利用数据为基础，结合人口和国内生产总值增长的驱动作用，采用GKSIM模型对奈曼旗的土地利用变化趋势进行模拟分析。模拟结果显示，奈曼旗的林地面积将从1995年的171171 hm2增加到2015年的197363 hm2；以耕地和园地为主的农业用地面积基本稳定在18000 hm2的水平；草地面积在近几年的下降后基本保持稳定，约为98000 hm2；非农业用地持续增加，到2015年达到31000 hm2。其它用地面积从1995年的326759 hm2下降到302655 hm2。土地利用变化的基本趋势预示着，未来15a，奈曼旗的生态环境将在总体保持稳定的基础上有所改善。     

黑龙江省1986年—2000年土地利用变化特征与空间格局分析

土地利用变化是全球环境变化的重要方面,是人类活动影响自然环境程度的重要反映.在遥感和GIS技术的支持下,本文分析了黑龙江省1986年～2000年的土地利用变化特征和变化的空间格局.研究表明,在1986年～2000年期间,林地、草地和沼泽地面积显著下降,耕地面积急剧增加,并且不同的土地利用类型变化在空间上表现出不同的空间格局.在此期间,黑龙江省土地利用发生了显著的变化,人地关系矛盾突出.林地、草地和沼泽地锐减和退化,保护林地、草地和沼泽形势严峻.