生活形式：后期维特根斯坦消解美的本质观之路

本文分析了生活形式在后期维特根斯坦哲学、美学中的重要性,这种重要性表现在生活形式不但是家族相似的背景,而且是语言游戏的落脚地,还是意义判断的标准。生活形式具有实践性、不可穷尽性和语言性的特点,而美的本质观正是在其中得以消解。维氏对美的本质观的消解直接或间接地影响到中国语言美学的形成。     

论美的艺术

艺术何以会是美的,这是美学史上讨论了两千多年的问题,但以往的回答都是由于缺乏辩证的眼光而陷于片面,因而不能真正揭示问题的实质。从本体论、认识论、价值论统一的理论看,人们以科学的观点和标准来衡量和评判艺术造成许多认识的误区。因此,必须重新阐发美的艺术在人的生存活动中的意义。     

也谈《世说新语》何以不收陶渊明

《世说新语》何以不收陶渊明?宁稼雨教授认为主要是陶氏家族在东晋没有取得世家大族的地位和声望所致。王建国博士商榷说一是与《世说新语》的收录旨趣有关,二是陶渊明那时的地位和影响远非我们现在所想象的那么重要。细较二人研究成果,究其原因主要是陶渊明不是清谈之士,其次还有家世衰微破落、文风平淡等,在当时没有产生广泛的影响和足够的声誉所致。     

希思克利夫的悲剧特征

长期以来评论界一直把小说《呼啸山庄》中的男主人公希思克利夫定义成一个复仇恶魔，而对其孤独的挣扎和无助的抵抗却未能给予应有的重视。从现代悲剧理论来看，其悲剧性源于不可改变的社会现实和他个人坚强意志之间的冲突，其悲惨结局显示出了一种悲剧美。     

真善美的放歌--钱志富诗歌印象

作为当今诗坛一个默默的耕耘者 ,钱志富的诗显示出了自己独特的个性魅力。其中最突出的特征是其朴素平实的语言中所蕴涵的极其丰富奇特、跨越多层视野的想像和对题材的精心把握、诗歌修辞的营造以及对现实和理想的深刻思索。诗人从充满诗意的生活经验中所获得的对生活的外在感受和内在要求是其诗歌生命长盛不衰的最大源泉     

Characteristics of students who benefit from high-quality mathematics instruction

The present study examined characteristics of students who took advantage of the opportunity to learn Algebra II from a highly skilled teacher. In particular, student information was gathered concerning: (a) the amount of mathematics students knew prior to the class, (b) their motivation for learning mathematics, (c) the number and types of interactions they had with the teacher during class, (d) degree of self-regulation, and (e) general aptitude. A model for achievement was used that suggests both opportunity and propensity are important (i.e., students must be willing and able to take advantage of opportunity). Support for the model was found. Propensity to take advantage of a highly favorable opportunity accounted for almost sixty percent of the variance in achievement. In particular, students who were self-regulated, had strong mathematics backgrounds, and had low levels of frustration benefited more from high-quality instruction.     

澳大利亚全国统一数学课程标准评析

澳大利亚于2010年12月正式公布了第一个全国统一课程标准.其中,数学统一课程标准设置了数与代数、度量与几何、统计与概率三部分内容和理解、熟练程度、问题解决、推理四种精通程度.澳大利亚数学课程标准在组织结构、基本理念、内容标准、成就等方面的特点为中国课程改革带来了诸多启示.     

Gender differences in performance in mathematics at the end of lower secondary school in Italy

The paper deals with the investigation of gender differences in performances in mathematics for Italian students at the end of lower secondary school. The study is based on a new large-scale assessment test developed and administered by the National Evaluation Institute for the School System. Given the evidence in the literature which favors males, performances of female and male students are compared using different approaches. Scores proposed by educational experts based on item subgroups were considered, while a model-based approach was used within item response theory. The results revealed a significant advantage to males in overall performance, while no meaningful differences were observed with respect to item domain and type. An interpretable item map was developed crossing expert opinions with IRT abilities, and plausible proficiency levels were defined. According to the map-based student classification, a relatively lower percentage of females fell into the highest proficiency groups with respect to males.     

谈谈数学思想在程序设计上的应用

在程序设计中,常常会用到数学上的很多思想。本文以C语言程序设计为例,进一步阐述数学思想在程序设计上的应用。