一阶全微分形式不变性在多元微分学中的应用

利用一阶全微分形式不变性求解偏导数,可以简化较复杂的复合函数求偏导的解题过程,介绍一阶全微分形式不变性在求解复合函数、隐函数的偏导数中的应用.     

面向流程优化的企业绩效测评方法

流程优化作为一项策略，结合了BPR的突变与TQM的渐变，强调以提供给最终顾客的附加价值为导向。创建以流程为基础的组织结构，促进人、技术和流程之间的相互结合，需要建立流程优化评价新方法，为提高企业竞争优势提供帮助。     

《光学测量》教学改革的若干思考

本文在教改指导思想下并结合教学实践,对现行教学模式下《光学测量》课程教学过程中主要存在的问题和解决方案进行了有效的教学改革探讨与尝试。实践证明这些改革措施在缓解授课学时与教学内容的矛盾,强化教学质量,拓宽学生的知识面以及增强学生学习兴趣等各方面效果显著。     

Testing for factorial invariance of the Modified Leadership Scale for Sports: using a Japanese version

The objective of this study was to provide empirical evidence to support psychometric properties of a modified four-dimensional model of the Leadership Scale for Sports (LSS). The study tested invariance of all parameters (i.e., factor loadings, error variances, and factor variances–covariances) in the four-dimensional measurement model between two groups of student-athletes. For testing multi-group invariance of the proposed scale, 335 middle school and 320 high school student-athletes in Japan participated in this study. The modified version of the LSS consists of 35 items representing training instruction, democratic behaviour, positive feedback, and social support. A chi-square difference test was employed for model comparisons. The results supported configural, metric, scalar and factor variance–covariance invariance in the modified LSS across the two student-athlete groups.     

Diagnosing misconceptions: Revealing changing decimal fraction knowledge

Conceptual change is a gradual process that occurs as students integrate new information into their existing conceptions. Throughout this process, assessing learning requires measures to diagnose misconceptions and understand how knowledge is changing. We developed three measures of misconceptions to assess students' knowledge early in instruction on decimals that measured the: 1) prevalence of misconception errors based on response patterns, 2) existence of misconceptions in a more abstract context, and 3) strength of misconceptions using confidence ratings. Students ages 9–11 (N = 297) completed the assessment at three time points. These measures revealed that whole number and role of zero misconceptions decreased and fraction misconceptions increased over time. The current measures also differentiated between weaker misconceptions that were changed after brief instruction and strongly held misconceptions. The current measures can create a more complete picture of knowledge than only measuring students' accuracy, providing a window into the conceptual change process.     

Scale for classifying organizations as explorers,exploiters or ambidextrous

This paper presents a scale developed to classify organizations through cluster analysis as being exploiters, explores, ambidextrous or with no defined orientation. The theoretical framework helps identify that the concepts associated with exploration and exploitation may be classified into six practical dimensions: organizational knowledge practices, innovative practices, competition, strategic orientation, organizational efficiency and partnerships. After stripping the data, the scale was underpinned by 45 attributes related to these dimensions. Convergent and divergent validity statistics are presented resulting from a questionnaire being applied to 249 respondents from companies located in Brazil.     

体质测评与亚健康状态的研究及其干预

目的：通过体质检测了解国民的体质状况,并进行评估,以区分健康与亚健康人群,近而有针对性的提出干预措施。方法：将体质检测结果作为健康状态的工作基础,结合国内外各种亚健康的评价方法,建立相应指标的评价体系。结果分析：亚健康的成因主要有社会心理因素;环境因素;饮食因素;生活方式。其干预措施包括运动处方;营养调控;中医养生等。结论：体质与亚健康有着密切的联系。运动健身是促进人体机能全面发展的最佳手段。亚健康状态的研究,可根据体质测评,结合医学、心理学、中医学、免疫学等多学科发挥优势,制定一套完善的预防措施。     

Differential item functioning of the Acculturation,Habits, and Interests Multicultural Scale for Adolescents (AHIMSA) by race/ethnicity

BackgroundAcculturation is a complex multidimensional construct that plays an important role in various outcomes across many domains (e.g., psychological, behavioral, social, and developmental). While there are many acculturation measures for specific racial/ethnic groups, few multigroup measures exists. Even fewer have been psychometrically evaluated for differential item functioning (DIF; e.g., measurement invariance). This is a critical step in determining whether item properties are equivalent across groups and thus, whether scores obtained from different groups are in fact comparable.MethodsThe Acculturation, Habits, and Interests, Multicultural Scale for Adolescents (AHIMSA) was completed by first and second generation participants identifying as White, Hispanic, or Asian (n = 1399). The scale can be used to compute scores on four acculturation orientation subscales: Assimilated, Separated, Integrated, and Marginalized. Racial/ethnic DIF was evaluated for the Assimilation, Integration, and Separation subscales.ResultsAnalyses revealed racial/ethnic DIF was present for two items on the Separation scale based on McFadden’s pseudo R². No DIF was identified for the Assimilation and Integration scales. Supplemental analyses revealed no evidence of longitudinal DIF or by generation status and some DIF by sex for Assimilation and Integration. Based on evaluation of test characteristic curves and DIF plots, it was determined that DIF was trivial and could likely be ignored.ConclusionsPsychometric properties were generally equivalent across the three racial/ethnic groups for each of the subscales evaluated. This indicates that scores obtained from each subscale could be compared across racial/ethnic groups. By establishing cross-group usability of the scale, racial/ethnic differences in acculturation orientation can be examined, and, more importantly, used in the context of research on related mental, physical, and behavioral health outcomes.     

基于CAN总线的智能仪表设计

本系统以AT89S52为控制核心,研制了具有温度和湿度测量功能的智能仪表,并对智能仪表的CAN总线接口技术进行了研究。在温湿度测量中,采用SHT11作为温湿度传感器,实现了0℃～120℃范围内的高精度温度测量,并分析了SJA1000内置CAN控制器的工作原理,设计了CAN总线接口电路。     

用对称性原理推导力学守恒定律

本文在宏观经典力学范畴内,利用对称性原理,从时间平移不变性推出机械能守恒定律,从空间平移不变性推出动量守恒定律,从空间旋转不变性推出角动量守恒定律。