The biomechanical effect of warm-up stretching strategies on landing mechanics in female volleyball athletes

ABSTRACT

Female volleyball athletes incorporate dynamic and static stretching into a warm-up, with evidence generally supporting dynamic stretching to improve performance. However, the effects of these stretching practices on injury risk during subsequent volleyball manoeuvres have yet to be fully elucidated in the warm-up literature. Three-dimensional kinematic data associated with non-contact, lower extremity injury were recorded on 12 female collegiate club volleyball athletes during unilateral landing tasks on the dominant and non-dominant limb. Participants performed landings as part of a volleyball-simulated manoeuvre prior to and post-dynamic (DWU) and combined dynamic-static (CDS) warm-ups. A significant reduction in non-dominant hip adduction angle was found at 15 min post CDS warm-up (p = 0.016; d = 0.38), however, no other warm-up differences were detected. The non-dominant limb demonstrated greater knee abduction (p = 0.006; d = 0.69) and internal rotation angle (p = 0.004; d = 0.88), suggesting that this limb demonstrates more risky landing patterns that are potentially due to altered trunk positioning upon landing. The results show that the majority of selected landing kinematics are unaffected by additional static stretching to a dynamic warm-up and that the non-dominant limb may be at a higher injury risk in female volleyball athletes.     

Overconfidence in children's multi-trial judgments of learning

The underconfidence with practice effect (UWP) refers to the finding that people's judgments of learning shift from overconfidence to underconfidence on and after a first study-test trial (Koriat, Ma'ayan, & Sheffer, 2002). Finn and Metcalfe (2007, 2008) proposed that people show UWP because they use their memory of prior test performance as a cue to make subsequent judgments of learning and inadequately account for new learning (i.e. the Memory for Past Test (MPT) heuristic). In contrast to adults, 3rd and 5th graders' judgments showed persistent overconfidence on and after a first study-test trial. A second experiment tested children's ability to remember their prior test performance. Children's prior performance discriminations were accurate for items that they answered correctly on the prior trial, but were overconfident for items they had answered incorrectly indicating that their continued overconfidence was a result of faulty memory, rather than a failure to use the MPT heuristic.     

Aspect-based sentiment analysis with alternating coattention networks

Aspect-based sentiment analysis aims to predict the sentiment polarities of specific targets in a given text. Recent researches show great interest in modeling the target and context with attention network to obtain more effective feature representation for sentiment classification task. However, the use of an average vector of target for computing the attention score for context is unfair. Besides, the interaction mechanism is simple thus need to be further improved. To solve the above problems, this paper first proposes a coattention mechanism which models both target-level and context-level attention alternatively so as to focus on those key words of targets to learn more effective context representation. On this basis, we implement a Coattention-LSTM network which learns nonlinear representations of context and target simultaneously and can extracts more effective sentiment feature from coattention mechanism. Further, a Coattention-MemNet network which adopts a multiple-hops coattention mechanism is proposed to improve the sentiment classification result. Finally, we propose a new location weighted function which considers the location information to enhance the performance of coattention mechanism. Extensive experiments on two public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of all proposed methods, and our findings in the experiments provide new insight for future developments of using attention mechanism and deep neural network for aspect-based sentiment analysis.     

从案例分析看中外优秀运动员运动寿命的人文社会学因素

竞技运动训练的终极目的就是使运动员获得最高的竞赛成绩 ,并尽可能长地保持运动员的高水平竞技能力。以人文社会学的视角为切入点对 5例中外著名优秀运动员的运动寿命进行探讨 ,通过文献、调查材料和案例的研究与分析 ,运用思辨与实证相结合以及解释学等方法 ,揭示影响优秀运动员运动寿命的人文社会学因素。     

智力落后者的记忆缺陷及图画表象教学补救策略

智力落后者的实用性语文学习与记忆，一直是特殊教育工作者所关心的问题。至于如何针对其记忆缺陷，设计适当的教学策略，改善其记忆效果，更是特殊教育工作者所肩负的责任。本文拟就智力落后者所存在的记忆缺陷，图画表象教学策略的补救功能及其对智力落后者语文学习效果的影响，作一些粗浅的探讨，以供同仁参考。     

管窥科研有助于长寿

通过中外著名科学家寿命资料、人类寿命理论及从古到今人类平均寿命不断增加的事实，进一步证明生命在于运动，而运动在于健脑的科学性。     

The effects of implicit encouragement and the putative confession on children’s memory reports

The current study tested the effects of two interview techniques on children's report productivity and accuracy following exposure to suggestion: implicit encouragement (backchanneling, use of children's names) and the putative confession (telling children that a suspect "told me everything that happened and wants you to tell the truth"). One hundred and forty-three, 3–8-year-old children participated in a classroom event. One week later, they took part in a highly suggestive conversation about the event and then a mock forensic interview in which the two techniques were experimentally manipulated. Greater use of implicit encouragement led to increases, with age, in children's narrative productivity. Neither technique improved or reduced children's accuracy. No increases in errors about previously suggested information were evident when children received either technique. Implications for the use of these techniques in child forensic interviews are discussed.     

全球文献遗产保护政策“风向标”——联合国教科文组织《世界记忆项目总方针》(2021)研究

《世界记忆项目总方针》1995年颁布,历经2002、2017、2021年三次修订。深入梳理该政策的发展历程,分析《世界记忆项目总方针》(2021)的内容结构、变化特点及价值理念等,将有助于我国积极推动世界记忆项目发展,防止部分国家政治化干预,保护文献遗产,维护人类共同记忆。     

法律英语翻译单位探析

本文介绍了修辞结构理论中的动态意义单位结构段，并用实例分析，在法律英语翻译中将结构段作为翻译单位，能够较好地处理语义之间的逻辑关系，准确传译原文的意义，保留原文的文体风格。     

Windows的虚拟内存管理与优化

虚拟技术是计算机的重要技术，“虚拟内存”是应用在计算机系统的一项内存技术，正确地设置虚拟内存对维护一个高效、可靠的计算机系统至关重要．本文讨论了虚拟内存的必要性及在windows系统中正确设置虚拟内存的方法．