话语标记语与英语课堂语境构建

从话语标记语的语用功能和英语课堂教学本身的特点出发，探讨话语标记语对英语课堂语篇和对英语课堂情景的构建功能。在英语课堂教学中，教师恰当地使用话语标记语，不仅可以很好地传输教师自己的信息，而且更有利于学生更深入、正确地理解教师的意图。     

Effect of arogh—A polyherbal formulation on the marker enzymes in isoproterenol induced myocardial injury

To study the protective role of Arogh on isoproterenol induced myocardial damage in rats. The effect of Arogh pretreatment on isoproterenol induced myocardial damage was assessed by studying the levels of lipid peroxides and changes in the activity of marker enzymes such as creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and transaminases in serum and heart tissue. In isoproterenol administered rats, a significant decrease was observed in the activity of marker enzymes in the heart with a corresponding increase in their levels in serum. Lipid peroxide levels increased significantly in the serum and heart. In rats pretreated with arogh, the level of lipid peroxides and the activity of marker enzymes were maintained at near normal values. Pretreatment with Arogh offered a protective effect against isoproterenol induced myocardial damage in rats as evidenced by LDH isoenzyme patterm and histopathological studies of heart tissue.     

中国大陆聋教育双语双文化模式实验的未竟之业

中国大陆开展的聋教育双语双文化模式的实验在走过了十年之久的探索之路后,成功的做法已经得到了验收,并从多方面总结了经验,以期为今后的发展奠基铺路。但今后的路要朝哪方面继续走下去,可以从四个方面来回答这个问题:1.从政策层面上,要完成由民间主导向行政主导的转变;2.实验本身还有待深化,时间太短;3.从实验过程中显露出来的问题,需要查漏补缺;4.今后还应增加做的事情。     

BMD and Serum Intact Osteocalcin in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Women

India seems to have the highest prevalence of osteoporosis. With growing awareness of osteoporosis and its impact on life span especially in India, special attention is being paid to early detection, management and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women. Measurement of BMD and osteocalcin are of value in estimating bone turnover rates. The aim of this study is (1) to measure the specific, sensitive bone formation marker such as osteocalcin and BMD in postmenopausal osteoporosis women and postmenopausal non-osteoporosis women; (2) the follow up study to evaluate the impact of specific antiresorptive therapy (alendronate + calcium + vitamin D) regimen in postmenopausal osteoporosis by assaying osteocalcin and BMD. Sixty clinically diagnosed postmenopausal osteoporosis patients and 60 normal subjects (postmenopausal non-osteoporosis women) were recruited as control. Mean bone mineral density T score and Z score was significantly decreased (P < 0.001) in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients as compared to controls. Highly significant increase in the mean score of BMD—T score and Z score from baseline to post therapy of 3 months was observed in postmenopausal osteoporosis women. Serum osteocalcin levels were significantly increased (P < 0.001) as compared to control group. Serum osteocalcin levels were decreased significantly (P < 0.001) from baseline to post therapy of 3 months in postmenopausal osteoporosis women. BMD is the best quantifiable predictor of osteoporotic fracture and osteocalcin is specific, sensitive, promising, currently used marker for better prognosis of osteoporosis and for monitoring responses to antiresorptive therapy.     

英语语言学硕士论文中因果类话语标记语的使用情况调查——基于语料库的研究

因果类话语标记语在硕士论文一类的学术文章写作中起到不可小觑的作用。根据自建的学习者语料库和本族语者语料库的对比分析,本研究主要的发现是：（1）中国英语专业研究生在毕业论文中对因果类话语标记语的使用频率和种类要高于本族语者;（2）中国英语专业研究生过多使用表结果的因果类话语标记语,过少使用表原因的因果类话语标记语（for除外）。分析表明,共有四方面原因造成了上述差异,即语外因素、语内因素、问题意识的缺乏和个体差异。     

谈谈汉语会话中“不是”的语法化

“不是”通常被看作一个否定词,不过它在日常会话中已经演变出了标记话语的功能。从否定词“不是”到话语标记语“不是”是一个语法化的过程。从话语标记语“不是”在语音上所表现出的特征及其组成成分“不”和“是”之间的关系来看,它的语法化可以与“是”进一步语法化为词内成分放到一起研究,可以看成是“是”字词汇化的结果之一。     

利用元话语对广告标语中人称指示语的研究

很多学者对广告标语的研究颇有兴趣,有学者从应用语言学和功能语言学的角度对广告标语中的人称指示语进行了研究,但是几乎找不到从元话语的角度来研究广告标语的文章。因此,该研究尝试应用元话语理论来对广告标语中的人称指示语进行分析,所选取的510条广告标语均来自网站。对第一人称、第二人称和第三人称指示语分别进行统计,然后应用元话语中的自我提及语和涉入语来对其中的第一人称和第二人称指示语进行具体分析。研究结果发现第二人称指示语出现的频率最高,其次是第一人称指示语,而第三人称指示语出现的频率远远低于第一人称和第二人称指示语。同时,在具体语境中,包括听话人的we（inclusive）被划分为涉入语,而自我提及语的I也可能充当涉入语的作用。因此,研究认为元话语的划分离不开其所处的具体语境,这对理解和翻译含人称指示语的广告语有着重要启示。     

关系标记对汉语复句层次关系识别的影响

关系词语对计算机的汉语复句层次关系识别具有重要意义。伪关系词的出现和关系标记的缺失给复句层次关系识别造成的影响,分析复句关系词语与同形的异类词、异构词之间的区别,揭示关系标记与词间连词、篇章关系词的不同用法的差异,挖掘复句关系标记缺失的隐现形式,以期为复句层次关系识别服务。     

“现在”：由时间标记到话语标记

“现在”作为时间名词,可以指称与说话并行的时间,与“过去”或“将来”相对。但在现代汉语中最常见的用法是充当时间关系连接成分,连接分句、句子或语段;同时还具有话语标记功能,包括作为结果标记和程序转换标记。     

口语中“这个”的语义弱化及话语标记用法

本文试图从使用频率的角度来说明词语本身语义弱化的原因,通过口语语体和书面语体的统计对比,发现“这个”在口语语体中出现的频数远远高于书面语体,而话语标记正是其语义弱化的一个产物。在口语语体中,“这个”还有话语标记功能,即引发话轮和延展话轮。