Body Composition and Anthropometric Correlates of Isokinetic Leg Extension Strength of Young Adult Males

Abstract

The present study examined the relative importance of body size and composition as determinants of individual differences in isokinetic leg extensor strength in young adult males performing at slow, moderate, and fast speeds. The subjects were 31 males between the ages of 19 and 29 years, who were not participating in weight training programs. Low to moderate correlations were found between isokinetic strength and body size or body composition measurements. At each speed, similar proportions of the variance in peak torque values were accounted for by lean body weight (23-30%) and thigh volume (20-37%). However, body weight, often suggested as the best reference standard for equalizing strength scores, also accounted for only 13-24% of the variance in peak torque values at each of the speeds tested. The moderate correlations reported in this study do not support the use of body size and composition measurements as a means of adjusting strength values.     

Description and Process Evaluation of a Physical Training Program for Obese Children

Consistent with other sciences (e.g., Kass-Simon, 1993; Tang, 2006), the field of kinesiology has been called a “masculine domain,” which has an institutionalized culture biased against women (Brackenridge, Mutrie, &; Choi, 2005). This paper represents the second part of a larger project that examined the life histories of eight trailblazing women in sport and exercise psychology. In the first paper (Krane &; Whaley, 2010) we made the case for re-placing these women into the history of sport psychology, based on their contributions to research, teaching, and service to the field. In this study, we explored the experiences of these women with regard to the challenges they faced and how they overcame or coped with them. The specific themes emerging from the data analysis were the trailblazers' graduate school and early professional experiences, general campus climates, departmental politics, gender or discipline, coping and the cost of caring, and giving back and moving forward.     

浅谈在中学语文习作中如何设计小标题

设计小标题的意义;阅读中训练打造小标题;作文编列小标题的方法．     

American Education—A Scapegoat

ABSTRACT

An essay's motive or research problem consists of the rhetorical moves illuminating why that essay matters—what puzzling elements of a primary source it resolves, which contradictions in the data it explains, or what gaps in the literature it fills. This article invites college instructors to dedicate some of their classroom time to teaching students how to construct original, motive-driven arguments. More specifically, the article describes the conceptual triangle technique that uses a simple three-point concept map as the first step in active argument building. This technique is simple and flexible enough to be adapted across subject areas, data, and disciplines. The focus on scholarly motive in general and the use of the conceptual triangle in particular can be effective ways to help academic writers at all levels to develop original arguments that matter.     

The impact of student composition on schools’ value-added performance: a comparison of seven empirical studies

In many countries, policy makers struggle with the development of value-added indicators of school performance for educational accountability purposes and in particular with the choice whether school context measured in the form of student composition variables should be included. This study investigates differences between 7 empirical studies that have looked at changes in value-added indicators through the inclusion of school composition variables. Differences were found in the strength of the association between Type A (student-level covariates) and Type B (student- and school-level covariates) school effect models in various regions, varying between 0.74 and 0.99 for secondary education. Important differences were found between the estimate of a school’s effectiveness by using a Type A or a Type B value-added model in secondary education in The Netherlands, Belgium, Chile, and Australia and in US and UK primary education. However, few differences were found in other cases.     

Unravelling gender composition effects on rule-breaking at school: a focus on study attitudes

Previous research on consequences of schools' gender composition has mostly investigated students' socio-emotional well-being and achievement, while students' academic attitudes and behavioural outcomes – including school deviancy – have been studied less. Moreover, most studies compared single-sex and coeducational schools, and did not focus on the proportion of girls at school. Starting from reference group theory, we hypothesise that boys attending schools with a higher proportion of girls adopt the latter's positive study attitudes, rendering them less susceptible to disruptive behaviour. Conversely, girls in schools with more boys are expected to adopt the latter's negative study attitudes, consequently being more likely to misbehave. Multilevel analyses on data from the Flemish educational assessment, consisting of 5961 girls and 5638 boys in 81 schools, showed that both boys and girls valued studying more and were less likely to misbehave at school when proportionally more girls attended their school. Implications are discussed.     

Teaching is Relating

In this article the authors peer into current elementary classrooms and college composition courses in 2020 to envision what K–12 and composition curricula can do now to ensure today's students are prepared for those future composition classes. The authors interviewed veteran (20 or more years) K–6 teachers in a small university town and directors of composition programs. Both interview sets expressed a concern that we are not keeping pace with the changing literacies of our students. The interviews with the K–6 teachers also showed that students bring different literacy skills to elementary school than a generation ago. In addition, the authors conducted a survey across a multicampus research university to ascertain the kinds of compositions instructors assigned and whether multimodal compositions were an option. The survey indicated that change is already occurring at the university level. The authors argue it is imperative that K–16 educators, starting with middle and high school teachers, begin to dialogue about new literacies now or we will not be ready to prepare our students at either the secondary or university levels for 2020 and beyond.     

语用学理论在作文教学中的运用

语用学（Pragmatics）是专门研究语言的理解、使用和语言合适得体的学问,这和作文教学的目标在于培养学生的语言实际应用能力不谋而合,语用学理论在作文教学中具有重要的作用。     

论初中作文教学中的审题意识与步骤

语文老师在作文教学中,要培养学生审题意识,使学生养成审题习惯,教会学生掌握审题步骤。作文审题有四个步骤：（一）初读题目,找出关键词,并思考关键词的内涵,从中揣摩命题意图;（二）读提示语或材料,弄清写作对象、范围和重点;（三）根据题目以及提示语或材料,构思立意;（四）根据题目的要求或暗示,选择适当的文体。     

浅论会议新闻摄影

影响会议新闻摄影的因素有很多,例如摄影工具、光线、角度、构图及后期处理等。摄影者在熟练掌握摄影技巧前提下,处理好各种因素的关系,经过不断实践与探索,一定能拍出令人满意的新闻照片。