高职院校汽车技术应用类国家精品课程建设现状

以高职院校汽车技术应用类国家精品课程为研究样本,通过在线访问精品课程网站获得基础数据,研究了当前高职院校汽车技术应用类国家精品课程网站的建设与使用状况,并对高职院校汽车技术应用类精品课程建设进行进一步的探讨。     

从利益相关者的角度看丰田汽车召回事件

近年来频发丰田汽车召回事件给丰田汽车公司的发展带来了极大的不稳定,其利益相关者的态度至关重要.本文从政府、供应商、顾客、员工等主要利益相关者角度展开对丰田召回事件的分析,并提出一些建议和举措.     

Learning verbs more effectively through meaning congruent action animations

The current study investigates the effectiveness of learning words while displaying meaning congruent animations. We explore whether learning words with animation is sensitive to properties known to influence action understanding. We apply an embodied cognition framework and predictions from a recent theory about language and action (Action-Based Language theory, Glenberg & Gallese, 2012). The current study aims to investigate whether dynamic animations add to word learning (Experiment 1) and what the linguistic relation between the dynamic animation and the word learning is (Experiment 2). Results indicate that meaning congruent animations improved verb learning compared to meaning incongruent animations when measured by a recognition task. When measured by an active recall task, congruent animations led to better learning than static pictures. In both measures, meaning congruent animations support word learning. Experiment 2 replicates and extends this and suggests that highlighting conceptual information related to the dynamic action (such as the goal) improves word learning further. The findings are in line with Action-Based Language theory, which suggests that children are able to make better simulations of an action during learning when supported by meaning congruent animations. Highlighting conceptual information additionally supports this learning process.     

Training rugby athletes with an external attentional focus promotes more automatic adaptions in landing forces

Training to reduce landing forces is a common component of anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention programmes. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of training incorporating instructions promoting an internal versus external attentional focus on landing forces in adolescent rugby athletes. Twenty-two rugby athletes were randomly allocated to groups that received instructions promoting an internal versus an external focus during a two week training programme. Landing forces were recorded before and after completion of the programme. During follow-up testing, landings were performed with and without a secondary cognitive task. Both groups exhibited a similar reduction in landing forces following training for trials performed without the secondary cognitive task. However, the groups responded differently when the secondary cognitive task was imposed. Athletes who were trained with an internal focus demonstrated a prominent increase in landing forces for trials that included the secondary cognitive task (vs. trials performed without the secondary cognitive task), whereas the secondary cognitive task had minimal influence for athletes who were trained with an external focus. It appears that training with an external focus may promote adaptations in landing mechanics that can be implemented more automatically.     

船舶永磁同步推进电动机的基于滑模变结构的SVM-DTC方法

为解决船舶电力推进系统在螺旋桨负载受到风浪干扰时的稳定性问题,采用永磁同步电动机(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,PMSM)作为推进电动机,在空间矢量调制(Space Vector Modulation,SVM)方法和直接转矩控制(Direct Torque Control,DTC)方法的基础上,提出一种基于滑模变结构的SVM-DTC方法.通过Simulink搭建模型进行船舶工况仿真,对推进电动机的转速和电磁转矩进行分析.仿真结果表明采用滑模控制的船舶电力推进系统具有很好的静态、动态特性和鲁棒性.     

当前学校体育发展态势分析与对策

近代学校体育虽然只有一、二百年的历史,但已出现衰退的迹象,中国的学校体育也在滑坡.我们必须非常关注它的变化以及未来的发展动向.许多有识之人已开始强调体育课程的学科价值,是能给予学生认知发展作出贡献的课程.同时为改变平庸体育课程计划,建立运动技能结构体系等,以此来加强体育在教育中的位置.     

元认知学习策略对网球运动技能学习影响的实验研究

运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、实验法等,对元认知学习策略对网球运动能力的影响作了初步研究．结果表明：（1）在网球教学中通过元认知学习策略的训练,可以提高大学生元认知意识水平;（2）元认知学习策略使用频度与网球运动能力水平呈显著正相关;（3）多元回归分析结果显示元认知策略中事先计划类、自我监控类、自我评价类三类策略对网球运动能力都具有一定的影响,因此教师在教学中要有意识地加强各类元认知策略的训练,不可忽略某一方面。     

教学中应注重运动技能的迁移

运用运动技能的良性迁移进行教学能促进教师对教材的钻研与分析,提高教师的业务素质,同时能够提高师生对所学动作的理解,缩短泛化阶段的时间,促进动作向良性方向发展,加速动力定型,从而缩短教学时间,提高教学效率.     

Conceptualising and testing the relationship between actual and perceived motor performance: A cross-cultural comparison in children from Australia and Germany

ABSTRACT

Previous studies investigating the relationship between motor skill, physical activity and fitness in children have not thoroughly considered the role of self-perception. Therefore, the study aim was to test a theoretical framework, which considered both actual and perceived motor skill as well as actual and perceived fitness. Potential moderating effects of sex and country were considered. Data on motor skill, fitness, as well as self-perception of motor skill and fitness were collected from 145 Australian children and 214 German children (age range 7 to 10 years). For actual motor skill and fitness, mean differences for sex, age and country were found. For perceived motor performance (perceived motor skill and perceived fitness) no mean differences were found for age. Path analyses were performed. The final model showed significant relations between actual performance (object control skill, fitness) and perceived performance (object control skill, fitness). All model paths had low to moderate regression weights with the lowest relationship reported between actual and perceived fitness. Sex and country showed no effects. This integrated approach has led to a better understanding of the relationship between children’s perceived and objective performance, and cultural differences within them.