评“《自然》评出的2012年五大挑战性科学实验”

逐条分析了《自然》评出的五项前沿实验:(1)寻找外星生命的"蛛丝马迹",(2)看穿手性分子的"镜像",(3)寻找额外的空间维度,(4)捕捉引力波,(5)对千克进行重新定义。得出了前两个实验是近期不可能实现的伟大理想,后三个是将物理学拉向泥潭的谬论。     

基于防撞预警功能的图像式汽车行驶记录仪的设计

本文设计了一种车载图像记录仪。采用三星S3C2410微处理器作为车载图像记录仪的硬件。本系统提出防撞预警系统纵向与侧向安全距离的数学模型,并确定了其中一些参数的取值。在微处理器的控制下,采用毫米波雷达和超声波传感器进行测距实现水平方向和垂直方向全方位的动态扫描,实时监测目标车辆与周围车辆的距离。当进入测量领域的车辆与目标车辆的距离达到设定的安全门限时,立即打开视频并进行语言报警,提醒驾驶员及时调整车辆的行进路线,进行相应的避让和其它处理。该仪器在汽车交通领域具有重要的应用价值。     

苯酚—硫酸法测定人参果中多糖含量

对人参果多糖的超声波提取工艺及其苯酚-硫酸法测定进行了研究.结果表明人参果多糖的最佳提取条件为:超声波温度40℃,作用时间20min,料液比1:30.在此条件下,用苯酚-硫酸法测得人参果多糖含量为13.897%.该方法简便、准确率高、重现性好,加标回收率为98.898%,R SD=1.27%(n=5),适用于人参果多糖的含量测定.     

提高8号煤矿许用毫秒雷管可燃气安全度方法探析

通过大量的试验和理论分析,找出了影响8号煤矿许用毫秒延期电雷管可燃气安全度的原因,并制定了提高可燃气安全的措施。     

Heat shock protein 90 protects rat mesenchymal stem cells against hypoxia and serum deprivation-induced apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 pathways

Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)transplantation has shown a therapeutic potential to repair the ischemic and infracted myocardium,but the effects are limited by the apoptosis and loss of donor cells in host cardiac microenvironment.The aim of this study is to explore the cytoprotection of heat shock protein 90(Hsp90)against hypoxia and serum deprivation-induced apoptosis and the possible mechanisms in rat MSCs.Cell viability was determined by3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay.Apoptosis was assessed by Hoechst 33258nuclear staining and flow cytometric analysis with annexin V/PI staining.The gene expression of Toll-like receptor-4(TLR-4)and V-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2(ErbB2)was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The protein levels of cleaved caspase-3,Bcl-2,Bcl-xL,Bax,total-ERK,phospho-ERK,totaI-Akt,phospho-Akt,and Hsp90 were detected by Western blot.The production of nitric oxide was measured by spectrophotometric assay.Hsp90 improves MSC viability and protects MSCs against apoptosis induced by serum deprivation and hypoxia.The protective role of Hsp90 not only elevates Bcl-2/Bax and Bcl-xL/Bax expression and attenuates cleaved caspase-3 expression via down-regulating membrane TLR-4 and ErbB2 receptors and then activating their downstream PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 pathways,but also enhances the paracrine effect of MSCs.These findings demonstrated a novel and effective treatment strategy against MSC apoptosis in cell transplantation.     

ZrV_2O_7/Al复合梯度材料制备及特性研究

采用湿化学/高温煅烧法制备ZrV2O7粉末,并以其和金属Al粉为原料,利用粉末冶金法的堆层技术制备ZrV2O7/Al复合梯度材料。通过XRD、SEM抗热震性实验分析,研究了材料的组织及强度。结果表明:湿化学/高温煅烧法制备的ZrV2O7粉末纯度高;在ZrV2O7/Al复合梯度材料中沿梯度材料纵截面方向的成分梯度过渡明显,各层之间结合紧密。热震性实验表明,ZrV2O7/Al梯度材料的耐高温强度高,各层之间粘结性好。     

大豆皂苷不同提取方法比较研究

以大豆豆渣为原料,对大豆皂苷的提取分离方法进行研究。考察大孔树脂吸附法、有机溶剂提取方法、微波提取法及超声提取法对大豆皂苷提取率的影响,并对几种提取方法进行对比。结果表明,有机溶剂提取法的提取率最高,可达93.4%,但操作步骤较多,有机溶剂用量也相对较大,时间较长;大孔树脂吸附法的提取率也比较高,为90.2%,料液比较少,但提取时间却很长,需要6 h;而微波法和超声提取法则操作相对简单,时间短、温度低、提取速率快,其提取的提取率也比较理想,分别为59.8%和61.0%。     

超声电机振子驱动定位齿设计

设计一种旋转驻波超声电机振子驱动定位齿,可以实现对超声电机预先调整振子齿位置,达到精确定位.通过使用有限元分析软件对电机振子振动模态进行分析,设计了振子的尺寸,并制作了原理样机.实现了输入电压260 V,共振频率为40.55 kHz时,输出力矩17N＆#183;m.     

举升用圆筒形直线感应电动机模型及电磁计算

根据旋转电动机工作原理,研发了基于直线感应电动机的圆筒形直线举升模型,并从能量平衡的角度建立了考虑边端效应的等效电路,计算了模型结构参数和起动特性参数,为举升模型的实用化奠定了技术基础。     

Impediments to Partnership: A literature review of school‐university links

Partnership innovations between teacher educators on school and university sites have become ubiquitous. Calls for bridging the theory/practice gap have been answered with reappraisal and restructuring of programs. The literature on the rationale and implementation of a partnership approach has grown steadily since the early 1980s. Praise for measures that promote increased and meaningful interaction between the key players is now almost universal. Ironically, simultaneously, this documentation reveals the challenges as well as the promises of partnership. Clear impediments to the creation and nurturing of partnership have emerged. This paper takes as its principal focus an exploration of the literature that examines the range of barriers encountered by teachers of future teachers.