Helpful Resources for Childbirth Educators and Parents

In this column, reviewers offer perspectives and comments on a variety of books and CDs that address topics related to the politics of midwifery in the United States, preparing expectant parents for childbirth, babywearing techniques, breastfeeding guides, and a child''s perspective of home birth.     

延续性护理对脑卒中患者知信行的效果研究

目的:探讨延续性护理干预对脑卒中患者知信行(KAP)功能康复的效果。方法:选择我院神经内科收治的脑卒中患者110例,随机分为对照组和干预组各55例。对照组采用神经内科常规护理,干预组在常规护理基础上联合延续性护理干预,通过对脑卒中患者的知识、态度及行为,比较两组的护理效果。结果对照组和干预组患者知信行问卷的总体得分,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:通过延续护理干预方式对脑卒中患者的知信行功能康复起到治疗作用,纠正不当的生活行为,提升日常生活能力,明显改善康复锻炼的依从性。     

美国照护社会救助制度及对我国的启示

在老年人的生活质量被日益关注的今天,处在社会最底层的贫困失能老人更应该得到社会的重视,应该对他们优先提供照护社会救助。通过对美国的照护社会救助制度进行介绍和分析,梳理美国在照护社会救助标准的设定、救助服务的提供、救助制度的支出等方面的成功经验,可对我国照护社会救助制度的建立提供启示。     

In-house consultation to support professionals’ responses to child abuse and neglect: Determinants of professionals’ use and the association with guideline adherence

This study examined the presence and strengths of determinants associated with consultation of an in-house expert on child abuse and neglect (CAN) by preventive child health care professionals who suspect CAN. This study also assessed the relationship between in-house CAN expert consultation and professionals’ performance of six recommended activities described in a national guideline on preventing CAN for preventive child health care professionals. A total of 154 professionals met the study’s inclusion criteria. They filled in a questionnaire that measured in-house consultation practices and twelve determinants associated with the professional, the in-house expert, and the organizational context. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed. Almost half of the participants (46.8%) reported to consult the in-house expert in (almost) all of their suspected CAN cases. Professionals who reported better recollection of consulting the in-house expert (i.e. not forgetting to consult the expert) (p = .001), who were more familiar with consultation (p = .002), who had more positive attitudes and beliefs about consultation (p = .011) and who reported being more susceptible to the behavior (p = .001) and expectations/opinions (p = .025) of colleagues regarding in-house expert consultation were more likely to consult the in-house expert. Furthermore, in-house expert consultation was positively associated with two of six key guideline activities: consulting the regional child protection service and monitoring whether support was provided to families. The implications of these results for improving professionals’ responses to CAN are discussed.     

老子的休闲与养生思想探析

老子在休闲与养生方面的思想是中国休闲思想史的一颗璀璨明珠。在中国传统文化中,人们积极有为的生活方式就是追求个体生命与自然社会的整体协调与共存,而老子的养生理论与休闲智慧正是以“体道”为理论宗旨,以“崇尚自然、返璞归真”为休闲核心的具有自然主义思想的哲学。老子主张人要长生久视、活得自然,那么身体就要健康,心性就要悠远闲淡。老子的休闲与养生思想主要包括：“随化自然、少私寡欲、致虚守静”的养生原则;“自然无为、知足常乐、回归自然”的休闲境界。所以,老子的养生与休闲智慧对现代人仍具有一定的启示作用与借鉴意义。     

基于网络的多元形成性评价研究

形成性评价是开放教育教学过程质量控制的一个重要途径。从开放教育课程学习目标,即知识性学习目标、学习能力目标和情感性目标出发,构建了多元形成性评价指标体系、管理运行机制及系统架构。并根据多元形成性评价系统架构,设计了题库和作业库结构,提出了基于六维约束的自动组卷算法。针对真实数据集进行的大量实验表明,该算法具有较高的效率,从而为多元形成性评价系统的成功应用奠定了基础。随着互联网的飞速发展,社会性评价、发展性评价以及个性化、智能化评价将是形成性评价的发展方向。     

Embodying Care: Igniting a Critical Turn in a Teacher Educator’s Relational Practice

When a cultural disconnect became antagonistic between me and my students of color, I found myself at a crossroads as a White teacher educator: use coercion and force students to follow my directions, or care and base my responses on students’ needs. I chose the latter. Findings suggest that this choice benefitted the class and changed how I see myself as a teacher educator. The construct of embodied care helps describe the turn in my relational teacher educator practice from caring intentions that were dyadic in nature to caring that uses relational means for social justice ends. Data points include field notes, analytic journal entries, email communication, course materials, student interviews, and course evaluations. This self-study research contributes to the literature on caring teaching by suggesting that, in racially and culturally diverse classrooms, caring habits can help teacher educators from dominant groups gain critical self-awareness.     

基于多元价值观的大学生心理危机干预机制研究

社会观念的多元化,使得价值观多元化发展并对当代大学生的心理发展产生很大的影响,探究在多元价值观视角下的大学生心理干预机制,可以更好地发挥价值观的引领作用,引导大学生在积极学习和正确吸收人类优秀文明成果的基础上发展形成良好的价值观,树立坚定的社会主义信念,培养学生新思想、新观念,培养学生在正确的指导思想引领下形成以社会主义核心价值体系为主的价值观,并发挥好导向作用,防止大学生在多元价值观中迷失方向,没有了辨识力。文章在对大学生价值观导向问题进行探究的基础上,阐明了多元价值观的作用和意义,以社会主义核心价值为主体正面引领大学生价值观发展,并分析了如何建立多元价值观视角的大学生心理干预机制,构建心理防护的网络,从而引导大学生在当前复杂的社会环境下坚定中国特色社会主义信念。     

大学生和中学生对肿瘤早期检查认知状况的比较分析

目的:对比分析大中学生对肿瘤早期检查的认知和需求。方法:选取金华市1所中学和1所大学学生共568名进行调查与分析。结果:中学生对肿瘤相关的健康生活方式水平认知程度比大学生的认知程度低,中学生在对肿瘤可防可治和肿瘤早期筛查项目的认识程度低,大学生对肿瘤早期检查的态度比中学生更积极。结论:大中学生对肿瘤早期检查的认知程度较低,有关学校尤其是中学应重视开展肿瘤早期发现的健康教育工作。     

生命教育新视角：关爱思想政治理论课教师生命

教育的出发点是＂人＂,生命教育不仅要关注学生的成长,更需要关注教师的生命及其成长。思想政治理论课教师作为高校教师的一支重要力量,其生命的实然状态是我们关爱教师的基础。目前思想政治理论课教师生命的低迷由社会因素、学校因素、个人因素综合造成。关爱思想政治理论课教师生命要求教师本人树立科学的生命观,要求学校建立＂以人为本＂的关怀激励机制,要求构建完善的社会支持体系。