The fourth dimension: A motoric perspective on the anxiety–performance relationship

This article focuses on raising concern that anxiety–performance relationship theory has insufficiently catered for motoric issues during, primarily, closed and self-paced skill execution (e.g., long jump and javelin throw). Following a review of current theory, we address the under-consideration of motoric issues by extending the three-dimensional model put forward by Cheng, Hardy, and Markland (2009) (‘Toward a three-dimensional conceptualization of performance anxiety: Rationale and initial measurement development, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10, 271–278). This fourth dimension, termed skill establishment, comprises the level and consistency of movement automaticity together with a performer's confidence in this specific process, as providing a degree of robustness against negative anxiety effects. To exemplify this motoric influence, we then offer insight regarding current theories’ misrepresentation that a self-focus of attention toward an already well-learned skill always leads to a negative performance effect. In doing so, we draw upon applied literature to distinguish between positive and negative self-foci and suggest that on what and how a performer directs their attention is crucial to the interaction with skill establishment and, therefore, performance. Finally, implications for skill acquisition research are provided. Accordingly, we suggest a positive potential flow from applied/translational to fundamental/theory-generating research in sport which can serve to freshen and usefully redirect investigation into this long-considered but still insufficiently understood concept.     

实体与程序并重乃司法公正之前提

以法制建没之目标——司法公正为本文论述重点，提出了司法公正的前提乃是实体与程序并重的观点。文章首先分析了“重实体而轻程序”的传统观念的成因，在此基础上揭示了实体法与程序法的辨证关系，提出了在今天的司法实践中如何追求程序公正。     

从序时词语的基准看动意词语的着眼点

动词本身就具有时量属性,基准可以显现动词时量属性实现的语法,语义的规则。对“动－序组列”格式中动意词语作基准的着眼点的种类的分析,不仅可以揭示着眼点造成的岐义,而且有助于揭示动意词语的非基准用法,这除了说明动作有不同的着眼点外,还充实了起始点逆向漂移的类型,以此增强语用的解释力,更好地指导语言的运用。     

ADHD: The Untold Truths of the ADEP (Australian Deficit in Educational Policy)

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disorder that predominantly results in behaviours associated with hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention that are frequently not conducive to successful learning and academic performance. Children who display these behaviours often require extra assistance, adjustments, and accommodations in the classroom in order to achieve their full potential. This article reviews Australian and New South Wales Discrimination, Disability and Education legislation, policy and procedures with respect to the education of students with ADHD. This review illustrates the need to standardise the definition of disability used throughout Australia, and to more firmly clarify an education provider’s responsibilities toward students with disabilities. With more clarity, students with ADHD will be provided with the additional educational and behaviour support they need in order to realise their full potential.     

论医疗责任事故中的违反注意义务标准

“违反医疗中的注意义务”是医疗过失的本质。违反注意义务的判断标准在刑法理论上分歧较大。英美法系存在着客观说与主客观统一说之分,大陆法系存在着主观说、客观说、折中说之分,而中国刑法学则存在着主观说与主客观统一说之分。通过对医疗过失中违反注意义务标准的比较研究,提出客观注意的主观化标准学说。     

当代大学生音乐素质教育透视与对策

本针对目前相当一部分大学生音乐素质偏低的状况，分析了存在这种现象的原因，提出了加强大学生音乐素质教育的方法和途径。     

企业推行全面预算管理应注意的几个问题

预算管理是企业对未来一定时期内的收入和支出做出的计划，在编制预算时要把销售收入、成本费用、现金流量作为重点，编制出切实可行的单位预算。为了使预算管理工作更完善，企业预算管理工作要建立单位、部门行政主要负责人责任制，预算分解落实到人，制定严格的奖罚制度。     

教育首先要讲科学

本文针对中小学教育的现状,通过生理、心理的科学分析,阐明教育首先要讲科学,不仅要遵循学生身体的发展规律,更要遵循学生心理的发展规律,那些违背规律的做法是极其有害的,是需要引起重视并加以纠正的。     

新闻标题的音乐美

汉语的发音具有独特的声韵美。好的标题不仅要形式美观，新颖别致，而且要抑扬有致，声情并茂，以提高新闻标题的表现力和感染力。因此，应充分发挥汉语的特点，利用语音因素来加强修辞效果，使新闻标题具有音乐性。新闻标题的音乐美主要通过同韵字的使用、平仄的协调、音节的配合、叠音词的运用等方面来体现。     

浅谈音乐表演中的联想

音乐表演属于创造性的音乐实践活动，为了更为准确的表达作品情感，音乐表演者在表演时要根据作品内涵充分展开联想，并通过各种途径丰富自己的联想。