幼儿角色游戏行为的教师观察记录分析——以中班角色游戏“小医院”为例

角色游戏是幼儿期最典型、幼儿最喜欢的一种游戏形式。教师对幼儿角色游戏行为的有效观察既是了解幼儿兴趣需要和发展状态的窗口,又能发现教育契机,是开展适应性教育的依据。通过内容分析等研究方法,对教师撰写的观察记录进行分析,发现教师的观察记录存在价值判断不足、观察方法单一、分析解读不深刻等问题。针对这些问题,从观察意识的提升、观察目标的确定、观察与分析要点的掌握等方面提出了改进策略,以期为教师角色游戏观察能力的提升提供理论支撑和实践建议。     

加达默尔的游戏观对儿童游戏教育的启示

加达默尔认为：游戏是艺术本体论阐释的入门,是在往返重复中更新自身的活动;游戏的主体是游戏本身,游戏的存在方式是自我表现;游戏由游戏者和观赏者共同组成,游戏与严肃有本质的联系。这一全新的游戏观念和研究视角,对我们进行儿童游戏教育有重要意义：要求我们从本体论的视角去认识和理解儿童游戏,充分认识儿童游戏活动自身的价值,严肃对待儿童游戏,充分发挥儿童游戏的本体价值。     

浅析川北皮影的源流、特色及现状

皮影在起源和发展过程中,受到方士幻术和宗教文化的影响,其造型具有浓厚的民俗特征。川北皮影是四川皮影戏两大流派之一,造型生动、雕工精巧、表演细腻、唱腔优美、剧情风趣,曾走出国门。现状令人堪忧的川北皮影,在全世界对非物质文化遗产十分重视的情况下,我们应寻找皮影衰败的原因,起来保护、挽救这门民间艺术。     

‘Playing with or like the girls’: advancing the performance of ‘multiple masculinities in Black boys’ childhood play’ in U.S. early childhood classrooms

Play is a gendered activity among young children, especially boys. Boys often tend to be more actively engaged in the (re)production of gendered play. However, most research studies and conceptual papers have misread, ignored, devalued, or scrutinized the gendered ways Black boys engage in play. This idea is particularly true for Black boys who may not play within the monolithic gendered expectations of childhood play. Drawing from [Connell, R. W. (1995). Masculinities. Berkeley: University of California Press] notion of multiple masculinities, I propose what I call the performance of ‘multiple masculinities of Black boys’ childhood play’ to embrace the ways some Black boys engage in play activities, which may not fit within the performance of hegemonic and Black masculine norms and expectations. In so doing, I call for educators to broaden how we view Black boys, and our definition of Black masculinity so that embracing what might be traditionally called ‘less masculine’ and/or stereotypically feminine could be valued male traits. Recommendations are provided for early childhood educators to support the confluence of ways Black boys engage in play experiences.     

一种即插即用的步进电机驱动控制器

介绍了一种即插即用的步进电机驱动控制器.该驱动控制器结构紧凑,控制方便,只需从计算机接收控制指令,就可以实现步进电机的简单运动控制.而不需要了解步进电机的控制原理和windows环境下的多任务机制.     

“关关雎鸠”考释

“关关雎鸠”是以雎鸠鸟的雌雄和鸣,兴起“乐得淑女以配君子”的主题。这种说法,不仅渊源有自,且亦可由《关雎》一诗的音乐性质得以证明。认为此句是以鱼鹰求鱼象征男子向女子求爱的观点,其实未必能够成立。《关雎》诗以本句起兴,取义有二：一以春季物候兴发婚姻主题,二则以雎鸠之“挚而有别”兴发婚姻之性质。其内容和音乐都吻合西周之端肃典正的礼乐精神。     

Children's concepts of gears and their promotion through play

The mechanical transmission of motion, which is observable in gears’ turning direction (TD) and turning speed (TS) can be understood as part of the core concept “force and motion”. Previous studies have suggested that most children before the age of nine have naïve concepts of gears’ TD and TS. However, these studies relied on children's explanation data and might have therefore underestimated young children's potential. Moreover, these studies did not examine whether preschoolers can overcome their naïve concepts through teaching. Recently, educators have proposed guided play as an educational approach that combines children's play with teacher guidance in a purposefully designed environment. We conducted two subsequent studies. In Study 1, we investigated the children's (naïve) concepts of gears’ TD and TS with a cross‐sectional approach using a nonverbal test procedure. This study comprised 248 children aged 5–10 years and 73 adults. The results showed that the proportion of children with adequate concepts increased with age. More specifically, 7‐ to 8‐year‐olds differed significantly from 5‐ to 6‐year‐olds, indicating a developmental shift around this age. However, naïve concepts of TS were more persistent with age than naïve concepts of TD. Altogether, the results indicated the potential to foster 5‐ to 6‐year‐olds’ concepts of both TD and TS in an intervention. Thus, in Study 2, we developed and tested a guided play intervention to foster 5‐ to 6‐year‐old children's concepts of TD and TS. We conducted a prepost‐intervention design with a guided play group (n = 19) and a free play group (n = 21). The results suggested stronger learning gains in the guided play group (d_TD = 0.337, d_TS = 0.758) than in the free play group (d_TD = 0.224, d_TS = 0.158).     

Introducing and Developing Professional Standards in the Information Systems Curriculum

In light of growing concerns in the public and recent mandates from business program accrediting bodies and curricular task forces, the importance of teaching ethical topics in information systems programs is discussed. Innovative strategies used for teaching the application of ethical criteria to common situations are reviewed. Results of a survey of information systems faculty members in the US are presented and are compared to previous studies that related primarily to computer science and software engineering programs. Insight is provided into the topics, techniques, degree of coverage, and assessment techniques currently used when teaching ethics in computing-related programs. Key concerns and future work is also outlined.     

学前教育美术专业教学探析

绘本剧是一种艺术性的表演模式,从表演中可以获得学前美术学习的方法和经验,这是培养学前教师自主性和创新性的一种全新的教学方式。利用这种方式在学前教育美术课堂的教学活动中可以其提高美术教学质量,探索出适应学前教师的身心发展和美术课程要求的有效性路径,要不断改进教学方法、学习方法、引导自主思考,让教师沉浸在乐于探索、勤于动手的学习环境里,从而培养积极而持久的学习兴趣、创新思维和实践能力。