Alternative research paradigms in the analysis of mnemonics

Four types of comparisons for evaluation of mnemonics are identified, two based on equating exposure to the critical to-be-learned associations and two based on total study time. Two experiments on a new mnemonic, the cueword method, are reported, each of which incorporated three of the four comparison procedures. In general, the cueword method proved useful only in comparisons involving control of exposures to the critical to-be-learned associations. The experiments illustrated how highly analytical experiments on mnemonics can be conducted, and the results illustrated that choice of comparison in mnemonics research can greatly affect the evaluation of a mnemonic. General design suggestions for mnemonics research are made.     

A comparison of sex differences in career and achievement motivation in Iran and the U.S.

Differences in career and achievement motivation of U.S. and Iranian male and female college and high school students were compared, employing recently developed cross-cultural methodology. Of particular interest was the differential shift in achievement orientation at different age levels in the two cultural samples. Whereas achieving and career orientations were found to be higher in the U.S. college than in U.S. high school samples, the reverse was true in the Iranian samples. Compatible with observations made elsewhere, this suggests that age-related waxing and waning of achieving orientations occur in different cycles in different cultures. Also of interest was that the culture main effect was not significant but that the culture × sex interaction was. Thus, overall, achieving orientations between the culture samples were not different but Iranian males and females exhibited greater differences in achieving orientations than did U.S. subjects, as was predicted.     

N-甲酰-α-L-天门冬氨酰-L-苯丙氨酸水相合成法

将N-甲酰-α—L-天门冬氨酸酐和液碱分次加入L-苯丙氨酸的碱性水溶液中,实现N-甲酰-α—L-天门冬氨酸酐与L-苯丙氨酸的酰化反应,得到产物N-甲酰-α—L-天门冬氨酰-L-苯丙氨酸,产率达96％。该方法实现水相酰化,大幅降低生产成本,实现生产工艺的绿色化。     

从"熊猫""鲸鱼"等谈起——谈现代汉语"N1+N2"逆序定中复合词

"N1+N2"是现代汉语中一种常见的形式.文章以"熊猫""鲸鱼"等词为例,分析了与偏正结构"N1+N2"相反的特殊类别,中心语素在前、修饰性语素在后,结构是前偏后正的逆序定中复合词,并讨论了这种特殊结构形式上的分类及表达效果.     

N掺杂2TiO（001）面调制效应的第一性原理研究

采用基于周期性密度泛函理论的第一性原理,文章计算了N吸附于锐钛矿2TiO 晶体表面和掺杂于2TiO （001）的表面及次表面后晶体结构的变化及形成能,并讨论了能带结构及态密度的变化。通过形成能的比较发现, N最佳掺杂位为2TiO （001）表面空穴位,且掺杂后在2TiO 表面形成新的成键结构。通过对能带的观测可以发现由于N的掺杂使得2TiO 出现明显的半金属性。     

“形+数”格式“巨N”的历时研究

“形＋数”格式“巨N”在古代汉语中有八种表现形式,只有“巨万”沿用至现代汉语中,且成为一个固定的双音词.该格式在历时发展中呈现出选择性、顺序性、沿用时间长短不一、使用范围大小有异等特性.其语法特点是用形容词修饰数词,充当定语和谓语,主要的语义特征是强调数量巨大,具有夸张的修辞特点.该格式产生的动因,一是数词和形容词自身的特点,二是语言的新奇性特征;消失的动因,一是词类基本语法功能的限制,二是科技和认知水平的提高.     

碳氮化钛基金属陶瓷的热等静压处理工艺探讨

采用真空烧结-热等静压处理工艺制备碳氮化钛基金属陶瓷,考察不同热等静压处理温度和时间对材料力学性能及结构的影响.结果表明：热等静压处理可有效消除材料内部孔洞,细化组织;合理的处理温度和时间为1550℃,30 min;与真空烧结相比,材料的抗弯强度,硬度和致密度均分别提高了22．9%,1．0%和1．2%.     

美国生命科学双途研究审查协调机制及其启示

生命科学研究的迅速发展将为人类社会和生活带来越来越深刻的影响,科学技术双刃剑的两面性在当今部分生命科学研究领域也变得越来越明显,这在客观上要求科学家、研究机构以及政府监管部门在相关的研究活动中承担更大的社会责任。两篇研究人畜共患病致死性H5N1禽流感病毒的论文引起美国科学界、政府监管部门以及社会公众的广泛关注和深入讨论,并最终寻找到折衷的解决方案,这促使人们更加关注生命科学研究中如何建立安全有效的审查、监管和协调机制。通过这一典型案例,分析了美国国家生物安全科学顾问委员会等机构对生命科学领域研究的监管审查和控制协调机制,探讨其对我国生命科学等相关学科中双途研究协调管理机制建设的启示和借鉴意义。     

基于MSP430F169的智能灭火小车设计

设计一个基于MSP430F169单片机的智能灭火小车,系统由电机驱动、距离传感器、灰度传感器、火焰传感器模块组成.通过距离传感器判断小车的行驶状态,改变2路PWM信号的占空比驱动左右轮运动,确保小车在规定场地上不碰擦墙壁.当检测到门口白线时,启动火焰传感器检测房间内有无火源.如果检测到火源则进一步调整位置灭火,如果没有发现火源则继续搜索其他房间后返回原点.经试验测试,小车能在规则内自主完成灭火任务.     

宝来汽车发动机怠速抖动故障的检修

宝来汽车的发动机电控系统,因为凸轮轴调节机构故障导致发动机工作不良,最后更换凸轮轴调节机构修复。