论中国少数民族服饰中蕴含的图腾文化

针对我国少数民族服饰中的图腾文化,介绍了图腾文化的源流,论述了图腾在服饰上的物态化体现及常见的物态化手段,分析了服饰图腾的缤纷化特征,以及在不同民族和相同民族的不同支系两个层面上的含义,并以动物图腾中常见的老虎、公牛、神鹰、犬、蛇和青蛙为例,归纳了常见共用图腾纹样及其共有民族,总结出服饰图腾纹样的广谱化特征。     

中越两国国防安全教育政策及其实施效果之我见——以滇越边境民族地区为例

国防教育是国家为防备和抵抗侵略,制止武装颠覆,保卫国家的主权、统一和领土完整;其是对全体公民进行的具有特定目的和内容的普及性教育活动的一项基本教育。本文通过客观阐述中越两国国防安全教育政策及其实施效果情况比较的基础上,综合分析中越两国在滇越地区国防安全教育政策实施中不同的优劣方面的同时,对中方在滇越边境地区国防安全教育政策及其实施中存在的问题及其原因进行简要分析,并结合实际,提出今后中方在滇越边境地区制定国防安全教育政策及其实施的对策和措施。     

MIMO-OFDM 系统中同信道干扰抑制

针对 MIMO-OFDM 系统,提出了一种最大后验概率的信道矩阵和干扰协方差矩阵估计方法,并设计了迭代求解算法。利用所估计的信道矩阵和干扰协方差矩阵,采用 IRC 接收机完成同信道干扰的抑制。利用干扰协方差阵的共轭对称与半正定等特性,提出2种干扰协方差矩阵的处理方案以提高其估计精度。第1种方案将每个子载波上干扰协方差矩阵表征为一系列时域矩阵之和,第2种方案将每个子载波上的干扰协方差矩阵用低阶模型来建模,其中模型阶数通过最小描述长度算法估计。仿真结果表明了所提方案的有效性。     

路由优化策略在命名数据网中的研究

命名数据网络(named data network,NDN)是正在研究中的以数据为中心的下一代互联网络,而路由转发机制是NDN的核心问题。为了更好地提高网络的整体性能,提出了端口优先级路由策略,基于蚁群优化算法,根据每个路由接口的转发概率分别设置转发接口优先级,引入兴趣包的错误反馈信息包,降低用户的请求失效率。实验结果表明,端口优先级路由策略在网络平均延迟和数据包投递率方面优于邻居缓存路由(neighbor cache explore routing,NCE)策略,验证了端口优先级路由策略在NDN网络中的有效性。     

新疆地区高职少数民族预科同学“三混”教育管理模式实践与思考

高职少数民族预科同学培养事关少数民族聚居地区人才培养质量,事关新疆的安定团结。通过连续三年对我校高职少数民族预科同学教育管理模式的研究,提出了混班级、混教学、混宿舍的高职预科同学"三混"教育管理模式,旨在探索一种民汉同学之间增进交流、增进学习、增进理解、增进信任、增进团结的高职少数民族预科同学教育管理模式,为新疆民族聚居区的人才培养、长治久安和经济发展工作出力献策。     

Equity in opportunity-to-learn and achievement in reading: A secondary analysis of PISA 2009 data

Using data from PISA 2009, the present study investigates firstly how equally students are exposed to opportunities to improve their reading skills (OTL) depending on the school they are enrolled in, and secondly the links between OTL in reading and achievement at the school level. A multidimensional within-item IRT is used to model the OTL. The intraclass correlation of both OTL dimensions issued from the IRT analysis – reading fiction and reading non-continuous tasks – is high, especially in differentiated education systems, showing an unequal exposure to OTL in reading according to the school. Robust correlations between the two OTL dimensions and reading achievement are observed at the school level. In addition, the results of a multilevel regression analysis show that a substantial proportion of the between-school variance in reading can be explained by OTL and by the school social intake. The proportion of between-school variance explained jointly by OTL and social intake is higher in differentiated education systems than in comprehensive ones.     

The influence of teacher education on mentor teachers’ role perception in professional development schools

Apprenticeship and professional development schools (PDSs) are two models for teacher education. The mentors that are the focus for this research completed their initial teacher training through one of these models and now mentor in PDSs. The paper reports on how the way in which they were trained as student teachers influenced their role perceptions. The findings suggest that mentor teachers who were trained via the PDSs model have a broader conceptual understanding of their role perception.     

Voice over distance: a case of podcasting for learning in online teacher education

This paper reports on a case study of an online pre-service teacher education course in a New Zealand university aimed at exploring the potential of student-generated podcasts as a form of interactive formative assessment at a distance. The study was part of a wider two-year funded project with the overall goal of documenting, developing, and disseminating effective and innovative e-learning practice. Findings from lecturer and tutor interviews, student focus group (FG) discussion, and course evaluations indicate that the podcasting task provided opportunities for the course lecturer, tutors, and students to learn and share ideas with one another. The experience empowered students to develop the skills and confidence to initiate more independent inquiry into technologies to support their pedagogical purposes. The study contributes to a better understanding of the skills, dispositions, and knowledge needed to prepare teacher candidates for teaching-learning contexts where information and communication technologies are increasingly pivotal.     

Academic workload: the silent barrier to the implementation of technology-enhanced learning strategies in higher education

The effect of technology-enhanced learning (TEL) strategies in higher education has arguably been transformative despite the not-insignificant barriers existing in this context. Throughout the discourse very little attention has been paid to those primarily responsible for this implementation—academic teaching staff. This paper aims to highlight the impact of academic workload allocations, an often silent barrier to the uptake of TEL strategies in higher education. We will discuss the effects of academic identity and culture, preferential time allocation to associative activities, academic technological capacity, university policies and workload and funding models on the uptake, and implementation on TEL in higher education. Our aim is to highlight the risks to staff, students and institutions should these concerns not be addressed and to propose a model for utilisation by all staff responsible for implementing flexible workload models supportive of further implementation of TEL strategies across the sector.