Science education — I: The spirit of science

In these two essays we explore the questions: what are the essential features of a workable context for science education? What are the givens, the “of courses,” the “fundamental dispositions” toward science and toward education necessary — or at least sufficient — to provide a fertile ground upon which a functional approach to science education can be established? In the present essay it is argued first that science education must reflect that science is a way of thinking — in fact, more comprehensively, a way of being; and second, and that the fundamentally antiauthoritarian spirit of science must be reconciled with education, with its built-in tendency to be authoritarian.     

Gender Disparity in STEM Disciplines: A Study of Faculty Attrition and Turnover Intentions

This study examines the underrepresentation of women faculty in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) by comparing the intentions of attrition and turnover between genders in Research and Doctoral universities. It is found that the two genders did not differ in their intentions to depart from academia, but women faculty had a significantly higher likelihood to change positions within academia. The indications are that women and men are equally committed to their academic careers in STEM; nonetheless, women’s stronger turnover intentions are highly correlated with dissatisfaction with research support, advancement opportunities, and free expression of ideas. The findings suggest that the underrepresentation of women is more convincingly explained by an academic culture that provides women fewer opportunities, limited support, and inequity in leadership, rather than by gender-based differences such as roles in family responsibilities. Changes in academic STEM culture are needed in order to attract more women scientists and narrow the current gender gap.     

牢牢把握邓小平科技思想全面实施21世纪科教兴国战略

实施科教兴国战略是全面推进建设有中国特色社会主义事业的重要举措。邓小平科技思想是邓小平理论的重要组成部分，其“科学技术是第一生产力”、“尊重知识、尊重人才”、“善于创新”以及科技与经济结合的思想，为我国全面实施科教兴国战略奠定了坚实的理论基础。认识学习、全面把握邓小平科技思想，对于加强和促进我国科教兴国战略的实施，迎接21世纪知识经济的挑战，具有十分重要的意义。     

基于“线上+线下”混合的“方剂学”教学实践研究

通过了解“线上+线下”混合式教学模式的教学效果,在“方剂学”课程教学中采用以线下为主、线上为辅的教学方法,并通过对比分析课程总成绩及开展问卷调查对教学效果进行综合评价。学生对“方剂学”课程采用“线上+线下”混合式教学模式的满意度较高,该模式下学生自评课程学习效果比较好;与传统教学法比较,混合式教学可以使学生的学习成绩得到明显提高。“线上+线下”混合式教学模式是“方剂学”教学值得推广的一种有效的教学方法。     

体育科学向深度与广度发展的两个方向

本文提出了体育科学向深度和广度发展的两个重大方向:建立运动行为网络系统的基础科学研究分支和面向群众体育,组织与引导体育消费的技、工、贸结合体系。此外,还讨论了科技兴体与科技兴于体的辩证关系。     

新制度政治学:研究范式的复归或更新?

兴起于 2 0世纪 80年代的新制度政治学表面上是对传统政治学的复归 ,但实际上是在对当代行为主义和理性选择理论批判的基础上 ,对传统政治学中一些重要问题的重新关注。新制度政治学是当代西方学者在结合传统政治学和当代政治科学方面的一个尝试。     

高校潜力学科发展预测研究

基于InCites的论文数量及被引频次,应用灰色系统理论,对高校潜力学科发展进行了预测研究。首先依据2004-2013年InCites数据建立GM(1,1)模型,通过模型的拟合分析,预测未来若干年高校潜力学科高水平论文的发展趋势。然后通过总被引用频次预测值与ESI数据库中的最低值进行比较,给出了高校潜力学科与世界前1%科研机构的差距。实证分析表明,基于灰色系统的建模方法可以对高校潜力学科的发展趋势作出合理的预测,研究结果将为高校相关学科的发展提供指导作用。     

基于国际合著论文的中国学术贡献度研究

国际学术合作能够提高科研效率,推动知识创新,探讨国际合著论文中的国家贡献度,对反映国家领域影响力,提升国际合作态势具有重要意义.从数值和内容两个层面构建国际合著国家学术贡献度分析模型,以中国作为重点研究对象,以Web of Science为数据来源,通过构建国际合著网络,结合学术贡献度计算公式,分析近十年中国在Info...     

Science,education, and republican values: Trends of faith in America: 1750–1830

The history of curriculum debate involving science in the United States has touched all levels and concepts of schooling. It has involved a wide spectrum of competing interests and ideas. It has helped guide the framing of concepts as complex and influential as those of progress, human nature, and the national welfare. It has been a stage on which many players have entered, spoken, left, and returned (not always in the guise of farce). Above all, it is itself something from which a great deal can be learned: for in large part any current situation stands at the apex of this long history and cannot in any sense be divorced from what it reveals about the larger place of science and learning in American consciousness. Eric Hobsbawm once wrote that the progress of schools and universities measures that of nationalism, and that education generally is the most conscious champion of the state. History reveals this to be an enormous oversimplification, woefully expedient, and particularly so in the case of science. Here, in fact, nationalism itself can be revealed as a collision of many conflicting interests, myths, visions, and hopes, all of which at some point took the scientific as legitimating dais. No committed history could be so reductive. It must rather open both inward and outward, toward the past and its continued momentum.     

我国科技金融生态系统评价及空间演化趋势分析

基于科技金融与生态概念相融合的区域科技金融发展的崭新视角,首先依据生态原理构建科技金融生态系统;其次建立评价体系,基于熵权TOPSIS法对科技金融生态系统发展展开评价分析;最后采用空间自相关分析法,分析2009—2016年我国科技金融生态系统空间演化趋势。研究发现:我国科技金融发展水平较高的省份基本聚集在东部地区,东部与其他地区科技金融发展的差异最显著且该差异逐年递增;总体呈现正向空间自相关性且处于萧条区的省份多;未来可能会形成东部地区辐射扩散、中部地区稳步增长、西部地区差异化发展的空间格局。