教学建筑自然采光问题现状总结与分析

近年来,教学建筑节能问题越来越受到重视,教学建筑自然采光对于节能有着重要的意义。本文对教学建筑中多媒体教室自然采光存在问题进行了总结,并提出了可以采取的措施,为最大限度的利用天然光、控制眩光、满足教室室内照度、均匀度以及使用时桌面的照度水平、减少人工照明的使用等问题得到有效的解决。     

论替换中项法下的直言三段论自然推理系统

替换中项法是直言三段论新方法,利用该方法可以构遣直言三段论自然推理系统.在该系统中,利用替换中项法能够证明三段论的所有有效式,能够判定三段论的所有有效性,能够显示三段论如何从前提推出结论,能够提供补充三段论省略前提的线索.     

小学英语教学中应用自然拼读的意义及对策

小学英语教学应顺应新课标要求,将教学内容由复杂枯燥向灵活有趣转变,使学生能够消除对英语知识学习的抵触感。小学英语教师应探索高效灵活的英语教学法,在激发学生英语学习兴趣的前提下使其有效掌握英语基础知识,因此在小学英语教学中运用自然拼读法是使英语教学有效转型的最佳策略之一。     

自然语言处理中语法分析研究

语法分析是自然语言处理中的关键环节 ,本文就自然语言处理中应用到的上下文无关语法、转换语法、剖析、转换网络和扩充转换网络等语法分析方法进行了论述。     

Large-scale assessment of light-induced color change in air and anoxic environments

Abstract

A wide-ranging sample set consisting of dry pigments, dyed textiles, organic and aniline-based dyes, gouaches and watercolors, fluorescent inks, and natural history specimens was exposed to light in air (20.9% oxygen) and near-anoxic environments. After a light dosage of approximately 17.5 Mlux-hours under controlled temperature and humidity conditions, 113 of 125 samples (90% of the sample set) were shown to exhibit less color change in a low-oxygen environment compared with its behavior in air. Thirty-nine percent of this subset displayed color change in anoxia that was between two and four times lower than that observed in air, whereas 47% showed color change in anoxia reduced by a factor of four or more. In contrast, six samples exhibited greater color change in anoxia than in air – these samples included Prussian blue watercolor (three samples), Antwerp blue watercolor, Verdigris dry pigment, and Fluorescent Yellow Winsor & Newton Gouache. Although the results from this small sample subset may cause concern when considering the use of anoxia in the conservation of cultural heritage, particularly for colorant systems whose behavior in anoxia has not yet been identified, this study demonstrates the overwhelming benefits of anoxic light exposure for the vast majority of samples investigated here.     

重度吸入性损伤进行机械通气治疗的护理

目的探讨机械通气在重度吸入性损伤治疗中的护理要点、注意事项和重要意义。方法通过对44例重度吸入性损伤进行机械通气呼吸支持的护理与观察,对其护理工作进行总结、归纳。结果总结出重度吸入性损伤患者在进行机械通气中护理工作的特点与注意事项。结论呼吸机的使用、呼吸道的管理、机械通气并发症的监护和心理护理等全面的护理对于重度吸入性损伤救治成功具有重要意义。     

Students’ Perceptions of Code-Switching in Natural Sciences Classrooms: A South African Perspective

Although South Africa is a multilingual country with 11 official languages, English dominates as the language of teaching and instruction in almost all schools. In addition to this, the Natural Sciences teachers at the school of study were cautioned not to use code-switching because the school policy states that the medium of instruction should be exclusively English. Recently, students at this school complained about teachers who had been code-switching between one or more indigenous languages and English. The objectives of this investigation, therefore, were to explore the perceptions of Grade 8 students regarding code-switching in Natural Sciences classrooms, their perceptions of the effect of code-switching on their academic achievement and also how the use of this teaching strategy influenced their respect for their teacher. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire and the findings revealed that students believed that the use of code-switching confused many students, resulting in underachievement in Natural Sciences and that they respected teachers more when they taught in English only.     

论克拉申的i＋1语言输入假说与中国的外语教学

语言输入是语言学习的首要条件。外语教师决定着课堂外语输入的质量与教学效果。外语教师对语言学习理论了解与掌握的很大程度影响其教学方法的设计和教学质量的提高。从理论上客观地介绍克拉申的i＋1输入假设的理论基础与主要观点,在此基础上讨论输入假设对外语教学的指导意义,同时表达了对假设的质疑。     

How teachers perceive the new curriculum reform: Lessons from a school district in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

The meanings that a teacher attaches to the new curriculum reforms act as his or her map on the curriculum implementation journey, and these usually determine the success of the education reforms. This research article explores the meanings attached to the new Science curriculum reforms by primary school teachers in a school district in South Africa, where the perceived meanings emanated from, as well as the role they played in the implementation of the reforms in the classroom. It is argued that new curriculum reforms have to take place concurrently with other changes in order for them to have a significant and long-lasting effect. Three possible ways will be suggested that will help the teachers to avoid formulating reform meanings that are not aligned with the vision and goals of the new curriculum.