Learning and adaptation with regard to complementary medicine in a foreign context: Intercultural experiences of medical students from different cultural backgrounds

Little is known about challenges and transition that medical students from different cultural backgrounds face with regard to complementary medicine (CM). This paper explores such students’ experiences and perspectives of socio-cultural and academic difference with regard to CM and experiences of intercultural relations. Using a constructivist grounded theory approach, 30 in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with medical students across 10 Australian medical schools. The data were rigorously analysed through a systematic process of coding, categorisation and theoretical development. The findings indicate that students adapted considerably to the host culture. Students with Western backgrounds integrated better socio-culturally and academically compared to students with non-Western backgrounds. Although nationality represented cultural identity, students’ construction of cultural difference was informed by their perception of diverging value systems within the specific educational environment. These values were, in turn, reflected in students’ reported behaviours, attitudes, and levels of engagement in socio-cultural and academic aspects of university life. Adaptation employed by students was evidenced largely due to their conflicting sense of responsibility towards familial culture regarding CM and focus on fitting in. While students’ tendency to gravitate towards cultural peers was evident, most students adapted to their host environment regarding CM to fit into normal intercultural encounters during medical school. In conclusion, students’ intercultural contact with regard to CM was both complex and problematic. At a time of significant diversification within the higher education student body, this paper highlights the role medical education institutions can play in fostering intercultural and academic guidance and support.     

Cultural Identification and Religious Identification Contribute Differentially to the Adaptation of Australian Adolescent Muslims

Australian Muslims are generally perceived as a devalued group in Australia and the public attitudes towards them are generally negative. This context raises questions about belonging and adaptation among Australian adolescent Muslims. The current study investigated how adolescent Muslims relate to their heritage culture, religion, and Australian culture, and which of these three factors is most important to adolescent Muslims’ psychological and socio-cultural adaptation. The study employed a mixed-method design. A total of 321 high school Muslim students (149 males and 172 females) aged between 14 and 18 years completed self-report questionnaires, and a subset sample of 18 students in the same age range, evenly split between males and females, participated in semi-structured interviews. The study revealed a hierarchical pattern of identification among Australian adolescent Muslims, with attachment to their religion being the most important, followed by heritage culture identification and being Australian in third place. Australian adolescent Muslims’ religious identification was perceived overall as more crucial to their socio-cultural and psychological adaptation, than their heritage culture identification or Australian identification. There was an overall modest contribution of Australian identification to adolescent Muslims’ adaptation. This might be connected with the relatively less attachment they show to their Australian identity due maybe to perception of being the target of prejudice, an issue that can be addressed by implementation of prejudice reduction strategies.     

欧洲学分转换系统的发展及其启示

回顾了欧洲学分转换系统的发展,并分析了这一系统存在的问题和矛盾.研究认为学分互换得到各国普遍认同和重视,但学分互换还在探索中前进,尚未形成定式,高校学分互换的推行需要有一强有力机制推动.     

小学语文教学中的情感教育及其实施策略

小学语文是基础学科,语文的学习是为以后其他学科的学习奠定基础,如今的教育不能再是简单的"传道授业解惑",要运用多种多样的教学方法,培养学生的学习情感,引导学生爱上学习,并建立良好的师生关系,从而提高教学质量,本文针对小学语文教学中的情感教育及其实施策略提出了建议.     

Understandings of national identity and outgroup attitudes in culturally diverse Mauritius

This study investigated understandings of national group belonging in relation to attitudes toward foreign and established outgroups in Mauritius. Representative data were collected among the three numerically largest ethno-cultural groups (Hindus, Muslims, and Creoles; N_total = 1770) and results confirmed a distinction between “being,” “doing,” and “feeling” Mauritian among all three groups, with some small differences for Creoles compared to Hindus and Muslims. Furthermore, “being” Mauritian was not significantly related to attitudes toward established and foreign outgroups. In contrast, the “doing” understanding was negatively associated with both attitudes, and the “feeling” understanding showed positive associations with both outgroup attitudes among all three participant groups. The findings make a novel contribution to the literature on how people understand national identity, how these understandings differ between ethno-cultural groups within a nation, and how these relate to attitudes toward foreign as well as established outgroups.     

基于文化自信视角探索我国体医融合之路

体医融合是获得健康的根本法则之一,是民族健康强盛的必然要求。探索我国体医融合之路,必须基于文化自信,紧跟时代主旋律,借鉴传统体育和中医融合的历史经验及其启示。仔细体会传统体育中武术、养身体操等运动对体医融合的贡献,在学习借鉴传统体育和传统医学的基础上,探讨如何走出一条政府主导、社会协同、学校先行、法制健全的协同发展道路。研究认为体医融合试点践行中,可以在以下四个方面加大力度:制度保障,法规护航;培养人才,科学指导;学校为主,三教合一;媒介传播,课程参与。     

京津冀区域技术转移网络结构与网络治理

本文对近三年京津冀区域技术交易流量情况进行统计分析,结合社会网络分析法构建了京津冀13个城市间的技术转移网络,并分析其时空分布及演变特征。发现了京津冀区域技术转移的联系整体性逐渐加强,区域技术转移的凝聚力也逐渐增强,但仍处于较低水平。也印证了京津冀区域技术转移网络“核心—边缘”结构特征,并发现天津在京津冀区域技术转移中的中介、传递作用不足,且处于降低趋势。针对此问题,本文还提出构建京津冀区域技术转移网络治理机制的相关建议,供管理部门决策参考。     

我国区际产业转移研究综述

区际产业转移是发达区域产业结构调整升级的重要途径,是欠发达区域经济崛起发展的良好契机,也是区域产业结构优势转换升级的有效方式。本文从区际产业转移的概念、转移动力、转移战略和路径以及转移效应等四个方面对我国区际产业转移研究进行了综述。总体上,我国区际产业转移的概念研究趋于成熟,在区域产业转移的动力机理机制、准入门槛,产业转移与产业集聚,区域发展战略,地区生态环境等方面均有较多的研究。未来有关产业转移的研究可将触角伸入企业或消费者群等微观层面,以及产业转移与区域创新体系建设的联动效应等中观层次。     

浅谈文化创意产业对传统文化的传承与创新

中华传统文化博大精深、内容丰富,而文化创意产业作为一种植根文化、立足创意的21世纪新兴产业,要使其发展就应当与中华优秀传统文化结合起来,并在传承的基础上创新发展。     

海冰厚度随时间变化特征的实验研究

认识海冰厚度在气温等因子影响下随时间变化的特征,是估算海冰资源量的基础。该文通过室内冻结实验、现场观测实验和历史资料分析,探讨了在气温和风的影响下海冰厚度随时间变化的特征,并在此基础上给出了海冰的再生周期。室内实验利用500L温控冰柜,实验温度设为－2℃、－4℃、－6℃、－8℃、－10℃,冻结时间114h—120h,冰厚取样间隔6h。现场观测地点为辽宁省瓦房店市长兴岛北侧海区的潮间带平整冰面,在观测冰厚变化的同时,测定实验地点的冰面温度、冰上气温和邻近岸上的地面温度、地上气温。历史资料分析使用1989年12月25日～1990年2月23日葫芦岛海洋站观测到的气温、风速和冰厚的资料,以及同时期葫芦岛气象站≤－2℃积温、≤－4℃积温资料做对比分析。本文得出的结论如下：随着气温降低或负积温值的增加,冰厚逐渐增加;风速增加,冰厚降低,风速减小,冰厚增加;在气温≦－4℃条件下,渤海海冰再生速率为1.86cm/d,生成厚度为10cm的海冰所需时间为5.4d;常冰年渤海各海区工程性开采海冰的可能次数为：辽东湾7.4次～13次,渤海湾3.7次～7.4次,莱州湾1.9次～3.7次。