网格技术对数字图书馆信息服务的影响

本文介绍了网格的概念和体系结构，并分析了其在信息资源管理中体现的功能，简要讨论了将网格技术应用于数字图书馆后会给数字图书馆的信息服务带来的影响。参考文献4。     

建立网络媒体国际监管体系的设想

网络媒体在推动人类社会发生重大变革、带来高度文明和巨大进步的同时,也对国际政治秩序、国际经济秩序和世界文化秩序产生了负面影响.研究和建立网络媒体国际监管体系,必须坚持国家利益、国家管理、国家法律与国际合作相结合的原则.建立国际网络媒体监管体系的途径有:建立网络媒体国际法制体系,组建国际网络媒体执法团队,建立国际网络媒体监管机构.     

Generalizing from negative contact: The causal sequence problem and proposed mechanisms of (negative) secondary transfer effects

The secondary transfer effect (STE) describes how contact with one outgroup (the so-called ‘primary outgroup’) can affect evaluations of another outgroup (the so-called ‘secondary outgroup’), that was uninvolved in the contact scenario. This research is about the transfer of negative contact. There are only few studies on the STE from negative contact available and even less longitudinal ones. We conducted such a longitudinal study, utilizing data from the GESIS-Panel, (N = 390; 3 survey waves). We investigated negative STE in an understudied intergroup context: forced migration. The primary outgroup was comprised of ‘foreigners’, living in Germany, the secondary outgroup were ‘refugees.’ We investigated three mechanisms by which negative STE might occur: firstly, contact might affect the primary outgroup attitude, which then affects the secondary outgroup attitude – a mechanism termed ‘attitude generalization.’ Secondly contact might be mediated by the general acceptance of diversity and thereby evaluations of outgroups associated with cultural diversity – a mechanism termed ‘multiculturalism.’ Lastly, contact might affect the perceived threat posed by the primary outgroup, and consequentially evaluations of secondary outgroups – a mechanism that we term ‘primary outgroup threat.’ Applying a cross-lagged panel mediation model, we investigated these theorized mechanisms. Negative STE emerged directly and also indirectly via ‘attitude generalization’ and ‘multiculturalism’ – findings congruent with previous cross-sectional research. Contrary to previous research no indirect effect via ‘primary outgroup threat’ emerged. Our results provide additional empirical evidence for negative STE. They further indicate that negative- and positive STE might operate via similar mechanisms.     

否定词+but结构的表意与汉译

“否定词＋but”是英语中的一个常见结构。前加不同的否定词会使该结构表示不同的意义;即使否定词相同,在不同的语言环境中其含义也相差甚远,必须正确理解该结构的意义才能进行准确翻译。     

Does fear of terrorism influence psychological adjustment of academic sojourners in Pakistan? Role of state negative affect and emotional support

This study adopted the psychological and emotional perspective of terrorism and the way it influences the psychological adjustment of international students in Pakistan. We investigated the effect of fear of terrorism, state negative affect, and emotional support on students’ psychological distress. Low psychological distress represented higher levels of psychological adjustment. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire from 121 internationals students of 18 different countries enrolled in a public university of Lahore city with a mean age of 21.7 years. A two-stage analysis was conducted by variance-based structural equation modeling technique in SMART PLS 3.2 software. Adequate convergent and discriminant validity of the latent constructs were ensured, and no evidence was found for common method bias. The results of structural model revealed that fear of terrorism is a positive and significant predictor of student’s psychological distress, which is fully mediated by state negative affect. Emotional support was negatively related to psychological distress and moderated the relationship between state negative affect and psychological distress. Conditional process modeling using process macro revealed that emotional support also moderated the indirect effect of fear of terrorism on distress mediated by negative affect. A significant contribution of this research is to investigate fear of terrorism as a stressor in international student’s acculturation research. Negative emotional state plays an intermediary role in relating fear with psychological wellbeing of international students while emotional support can be a potent coping resource. Several implications, limitation and future research recommendations are also discussed.     

公式化语言的认知理据及对听力教学的影响

公式化语言在自然语言使用中占有很大的比例。长期以来公式化语言的研究受到冷落,似乎它与行为主义等同。本文从神经生物学和认知心理学与认知语言学以及Swai n的输出假设为出发点论述了公式化语言发生的心理机制,并用实验证明了公式化语言对听力理解具有促进作用。     

浅论学校纪律与学生个体自由之关系—基于以赛亚·伯林自由观的理论分析简

学校纪律与学生个体自由并不是非此即彼的对立关系,二者在对立之中有统一。学生自由应该在学校纪律之中得以实现。行政性纪律虽然能提高学校的运作效率,但是阻碍学生个体自由的实现。行政性纪律的泛滥不仅缩减消极自由,更会导致学生积极自由的堕落,使个体沦为纪律的“奴隶”。学生个体自由是道德性纪律的应有之义。自由只有在道德性纪律之中才能被学生充分拥有。     

Empirical Research on Pragmalinguistic Failures from the Perspective of Negative Transfer

In recent years, the phenomenon of language transfer has drawn great attention, especially the negative transfer from nativelanguage. Negative transfer is the focal issue among linguists in the scope of inter-culture communication and second language acquisition.This thesis aims to find solutions to reduce the pragmalinguistic failures that occur in the process of Tibetan students' third language acquisition.     

Recent advances in intergroup contact theory

Recent advances in intergroup contact theory and research are reviewed. A meta-analysis with 515 studies and more than 250,000 subjects demonstrates that intergroup contact typically reduces prejudice (mean r = −.21). Allport's original conditions for optimal contact - equal status, common goals, no intergroup competition, and authority sanction - facilitate the effect but are not necessary conditions. There are other positive outcomes of intergroup contact, such as greater trust and forgiveness for past transgressions. These contact effects occur not only for ethnic groups but also for such other groups as homosexuals, the disabled and the mentally ill. Intergroup friendship is especially important. Moreover, these effects typically generalize beyond the immediate outgroup members in the situation to the whole outgroup, other situations, and even to other outgroups not involved in the contact. They also appear to be universal - across nations, genders, and age groups. The major mediators of the effect are basically affective: reduced anxiety and empathy. And even indirect contact reduces prejudice - vicarious contact through the mass media and having a friend who has an outgroup friend. Of course, negative contact occurs - especially when it is non-voluntary and threatening. Criticisms of the theory and policy implications are also discussed.     

水资源耦合价值研究

本文从经济学角度探讨了水资源的内涵，