溶瘤病毒在肿瘤治疗中的动力学性质研究

文章研究了一个利用溶瘤病毒治疗肿瘤的数学模型的动力学性质,得到此模型最多存在三个平衡点,并分析了每个平衡点的定性性质,所得结论给出了没有感染病毒和感染病毒的肿瘤细胞的数量变化规律,对治疗方案中参数的控制有一定的意义。     

人甲胎蛋白基因的克隆和表达

目的 构建表达人甲胎蛋白(AFP)的重组质粒，并在大肠杆菌中表达获得基因重组蛋白。方法 用PCR方法从人胎肝组织中扩增AFP基因片断，将其转入原核载体质粒pCEMEX-1，在大肠杆菌DH5α中克隆，并在BL21DE3中表达。结果 重组质粒pCEMEX-AFP的AFP基因序列经分析与GenRank公布序列相符，各表达的蛋白经Western Blot检测有抗原性。结论 基因重组菌表达的融合蛋白有可能作为有效的肿瘤抗原。     

Targeting HSPA1A in ARID2-deficient lung adenocarcinoma

Somatic mutations of the chromatin remodeling gene ARID2 are observed in ∼7% of human lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs). However, the role of ARID2 in the pathogenesis of LUADs remains largely unknown. Here we find that ARID2 expression is decreased during the malignant progression of both human and mice LUADs. Using two Kras^G12D-based genetically engineered murine models, we demonstrate that ARID2 knockout significantly promotes lung cancer malignant progression and shortens overall survival. Consistently, ARID2 knockdown significantly promotes cell proliferation in human and mice lung cancer cells. Through integrative analyses of ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq data, we find that Hspa1a is up-regulated by Arid2 loss. Knockdown of Hspa1a specifically inhibits malignant progression of Arid2-deficient but not Arid2-wt lung cancers in both cell lines as well as animal models. Treatment with an HSPA1A inhibitor could significantly inhibit the malignant progression of lung cancer with ARID2 deficiency. Together, our findings establish ARID2 as an important tumor suppressor in LUADs with novel mechanistic insights, and further identify HSPA1A as a potential therapeutic target in ARID2-deficient LUADs.     

Deregulation of microRNA expression in thyroid tumors简

MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression by binding to the 3′ non-coding regions of target mRNAs, resulting in their cleavage or blocking their translation. miRNAs may have an impact on cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival, and their deregulation can be inclined to diseases and cancers, including thyroid tumors. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing findings of deregulated miRNAs in different types of thyroid tumors and to exhibit their potential target genes, especially to demonstrate those involved in tumor invasion and metastasis. In addition, new findings of circulating miRNA expression profiles, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in thyroid tumors, and the correlation of somatic mutations with deregulated miRNA expression in thyroid tumors were all included in this review.     

Clinicopathological features of atypical lipomatous tumors of the laryngopharynx

Atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT) of the laryngopharynx is rare. Here we report five cases to demonstrate their clinicopathological features. The patients were four males and one female, aged 41 to 69 years (median 53.6 years). All tumors (two in the hypopharynx and three in the larynx) presented as a slowly growing, painless mass. Symptoms included dysphagia (2/5), dysphonia (3/5), and the feeling of a foreign body in the throat (5/5). Tumors were well circumscribed or focally infiltrative, ranging from 2.0 to 5.0 cm (median, 3.4 cm) in size, and microscopically showed the typical features of lipoma-like ALT. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were stained with S-100, vimentin, murine double minute 2 (MDM-2), and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). Two patients had local tumor recurrences at 6 and 14 months after initial surgery during follow-up. ALT of laryngopharynx is an indolent tumor. Immunohistochemical staining for MDM-2 and CDK4 is helpful in pathological diagnosis.     

粉被虫草提取物抗癌作用初步研究

研究粉被虫草乙酸乙酯提取物和水提取物的体外抗肿瘤作用．人工发酵培养粉被虫草茵丝体,采用MTT和SRB法观察粉被虫草乙酸乙酯提取物、水提取物对人肝癌细胞株BEL-7402、人结肠癌细胞株COL0205的抑制作用．结果表明：粉被虫草水提取物对人结肠癌细胞COL0205抑制作用不显著,粉被虫草乙酸乙酯提取物对BEL-7402细胞抑制作用不显著．     

皮肤镜在卓越医师班皮肤肿瘤教学中的应用评估

探讨皮肤镜技术结合PBL教学法在卓越班皮肤性病学教学应用中的意义.以本校2015级卓越班40人为实验组,采用皮肤镜技术结合PBL教学法;随机选取2015级临床医本班40人为对照组,采用传统教学法.选择皮肤肿瘤章节,两组为同一教师授课及带教,教学结束后进行对比性研究.教学结束时,实验组与对照组考核成绩相比较具有统计学意义...     

抑癌基因WWOX在结直肠癌中的表达

检测WWOXmRNA及其编码蛋白在结直肠癌中的表达,分析其临床病理学意义。用半定量RT-PCR方法定量和免疫组化染色(EliVision plus法)分析45例结直肠癌、45例结直肠腺瘤及20例正常组织中WWOXmRNA及其编码的蛋白质表达量,并比较两者在不同组织中的表达差异。半定量RT-PCR和免疫组化结果显示,45例结直肠癌组织中WWOXmRNA表达水平低于结直肠腺瘤组及正常结直肠组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结果表明,WWOX的低表达与结直肠癌的发展、生物学行为和预后有相关性。     

第17号染色体短臂杂合性缺失与肿瘤的研究进展

抑癌基因是人类正常细胞中所具有的一类基因，对细胞的增殖分化有调节作用。染色体体臂上某一区域非随机杂合性缺失导致抑癌基因的丧失，从而促使肿瘤发生。本文总结了第17号染色体短臂(17p)杂合性缺失与肿瘤发生关系的研究进展，该研究不仅为我们定位新的抑癌基因提供了基础，为肿瘤的预防、早期发现和诊断提供了依据，同时也使我们能更好理解肿瘤的分子进展。     

自噬与肿瘤

自噬作为一种细胞防御和应激调控的机制,目前成为癌症研究领域的又一热点。在不同种类的肿瘤以及肿瘤发生发展的不同阶段,自噬有抑制和促进两种对立的影响。自噬异常与恶性肿瘤的能量代谢、细胞死亡、炎症反应以及对肿瘤治疗的耐药性等方面都有密切的联系。全面正确地了解自噬可为肿瘤治疗提供一个崭新的思路。