PTEN--一种肿瘤抑制蛋白

PTEN（10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源物）作为一个重要的抑癌蛋白,其生物学功能主要体现在调节与细胞生长、增殖、分化、迁移和凋亡有关的信号通路上。在细胞中,PTEN 功能受到H2O2的氧化调节。     

子宫恶性肿瘤血清标志物CA125,CA199,CA153检测的临床意义

目的通过检测子宫恶性肿瘤患者血清中标志物CA125,CA199,CA153含量,探讨其能否作为评价治疗效果及预后中的一项检测指标.方法对103例子宫恶性肿瘤治疗前检测血清中CA125,CA199,CA153含量,部分患者治疗后追踪检测血清中CA125,CA199,CA153含量.结果治疗前血清中CA125,CA199,CA153在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期子宫内膜腺癌及腺鳞癌的阳性率明显低于Ⅲ、Ⅳ期(P<0.01).肿瘤切除后,CA125,CA199,CA153转为阴性,肿瘤复发或转移时标志物又复阳性.结论CA125,CA199,CA153的检测有助于治疗效果的评价、病情监测及预后的估计.     

干细胞研究概述

干细胞具有很强的可塑性,可用于治疗各种外伤、病理损伤、组织缺陷性疾病、免疫缺陷性疾病和遗传疾病等.两类主要的干细胞--胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞分别在不同的研究领域可用于各种医学实验,几乎涉及所有医学范畴,具有广阔发展前景,但是干细胞应用上还存在许多尚待解决的问题.对干细胞的研究进展及存在的相关问题进行适当的总结概述.     

肿瘤细胞深低温冷冻后的功能和超微结构变化的研究

对小鼠艾氏腹水癌细胞及人直肠粘液腺癌在深低温（－１９６℃）冷冻前后的功能和超微结构进行了比较研究，结果表明，与对照组相比，两种癌细胞的ＦＤＡ荧光哟度和＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入率显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），乳酸脱氢同工酶的Ｍ亚基显著增加，Ｈ亚基明显减少，，Ｍ／Ｈ比值提高，电镜观察到癌细胞内和核内形成空泡，胞质凝缩，线粒体膨胀，核膜破裂，核质外流，染色质凝集呈块状不均匀分布等超微结构。说明深低温冷冻对肿瘤细胞     

Adenoma of nonpigmented epithelium in ciliary body： literature review and case report

Adenomas of the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium （NPCE） are often clinically indistinguishable from amelanotic malignant melanomas of the ciliary body or metastatic carcinomas. This paper reports a case study of a distinctive variant of adenoma of the NPCE, which clinically appears as epiretinal membrane in the macular region. Histopathologic studies have revealed this is an adenoma of the NPCE. Identification of this clinic feature is important because it will miss the diagnosis of the adenoma of the NPCE. In this case study, B-scan ultrasonography as well as computerized tomography （CT） has been used to provide help in diagnosing the ciliary body tumor. Because of their anterior location in the ciliary body, partial lamellar sclerouvectomy is an effective method of treatment.     

玻璃化冻存小鼠艾氏腹水癌细胞的超微结构和功能研究

研究了小鼠艾氏腹水癌细胞在含有不同低温保护剂的玻璃化冻存液内，快速降温冷冻保存１－７ｄ后细胞超微结构和功能的变化。这种快速、简便的方法可应用于艾氏腹水癌细胞的深低温保存。     

Translationally controlled tumor protein: the mediator promoting cancer invasion and migration and its potential clinical prospects

Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a highly conserved multifunctional protein localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is secreted through exosomes and its degradation is associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27), and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Its structure contains three α‍-helices and eleven β‍-strands, and features a helical hairpin as its hallmark. TCTP shows a remarkable similarity to the methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B (MsrB) and mammalian suppressor of Sec4 (Mss4/Dss4) protein families, which exerts guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity on small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) proteins, suggesting that some functions of TCTP may at least depend on its GEF action. Indeed, TCTP exerts GEF activity on Ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb) to boost the growth and proliferation of Drosophila cells. TCTP also enhances the expression of cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42) to promote cancer cell invasion and migration. Moreover, TCTP regulates cytoskeleton organization by interacting with actin microfilament (MF) and microtubule (MT) proteins and inducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In essence, TCTP promotes cancer cell movement. It is usually highly expressed in cancerous tissues and thus reduces patient survival; meanwhile, drugs can target TCTP to reduce this effect. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of TCTP in promoting cancer invasion and migration, and describe the current inhibitory strategy to target TCTP in cancerous diseases.     

新型抗凋亡基因Survivin与肿瘤的研究进展

综述Survivin是一种新型凋亡抑制因子,主要通过抑制Caspase-3和Caspase-7的活性而阻断细胞凋亡过程。指出Survivin选择性地表达于胚胎发育组织和大多数肿瘤组织,而正常成人分化组织中不表达。认为Survivin参与了细胞周期调控,与肿瘤的发展和血管形成有关,可作为肿瘤治疗的新靶点。     

肿瘤治疗靶向药物最新研究进展

近年来,一些新方法被越来越多的用于肿瘤的治疗,尤其是分子靶向治疗方法更是逐渐成为肿瘤治疗研究的焦点.靶向治疗是指利用肿瘤组织或细胞所具有的特异性结构分子作为靶点,进而达到直接治疗或导向治疗目的的一类疗法.在此,本文就近几年来靶向药物对肿瘤治疗的最新研究成果作一简要综述.     

肿瘤抑制因子Caliban相互作用蛋白的筛选和验证

为了研究Caliban的肿瘤抑制机制,通过酵母双杂交的方法筛选得到了4个新的Caliban相互作用蛋白:Bip2、Uba2、RpS27A和CG7182.它们的功能涉及转录调节、肿瘤抑制和泛素化修饰等过程.通过免疫共沉淀证实了Bip2与Caliban在体外结合,并发现在果蝇体内过表达Bip2可以抑制p53的转录.这些结果为研究Caliban的肿瘤抑制功能提供了基础.