双城记:上海纽约城市比较研究

上海和纽约是世界两大都市和经济中心。两座城市各具独特的城市魅力和特色,也有着不少共同点。如均以港兴市,是所在国家的首位城市和具有世界主义导向的大都市。然而两者的差异也十分显著,纽约是一座全球城市,而目前的上海仍只是区域性国际都市。与纽约相似,上海也正在经历由制造业为核心的港口城市,向以现代服务业为主要驱动力的创意之城的转化。纽约与上海一样,面临拥堵、污染、教育之忧、医疗费用增长等类似的问题。纽约的最大竞争优势在于不同的意见都能得到尊重,即所谓宽容和多元化的社会,从而有利于创造力的进发。作为后起之秀的上海,正以其摩天大楼、蓬勃的金融市场、迅速国际化以及越来越快的速度追赶纽约等全球城市。需要指出的是,城市的真正发展之路在于城市复兴,必须将城市的生产率置于思考的核心,保持和延续城市的历史和文脉。全球城市的竞争不是零和游戏,在中国大国崛起背景下的上海,可与纽约一道互相学习,从而构建一场可以共赢的竞赛。     

Multiple Outcomes of Class Visits to Natural History Museums: The Students’ View

The purpose of this study was to describe and understand the range of outcomes of class visits to natural history museums. The theoretical framework is based on the multifaceted process of learning in free choice learning environments, and emphasizes the unique and individual learning experience in museum settings. The study’s significance is in highlighting several possible cognitive as well as non-cognitive learning effects in museums class visits, by providing the student’s point of view. Data was collected by semi-structured interviews with 50 students in grades 6–8 on the day following the visit. We present evidence that students expressed several learning outcomes, connected directly and indirectly to the scientific content of the visit. Content oriented outcomes included acquiring scientific knowledge and making connections to prior knowledge; social oriented outcomes were identified in students’ statements regarding communicating knowledge and social aspects of learning; and interest oriented outcomes were evidenced by students’ expressions about emotions, interest and curiosity. The aggregate data addressed the common outcomes and the impact of class visits to natural history museums in the short term. Comparisons between two types of museums show significant differences in several aspects, regarding the exhibit and/or the activity type. Practical ideas for structuring the ultimate experience are included.     

进步主义教育与新教育健康教育思想的比较研究

以具体事实为基础,比较分析进步主义教育与新教育健康教育方面的相同与不同之处,对我国健康教育发展不无裨益,特别是在素质教育、全面发展的理念下,进步主义与新教育在健康思想、教育内容和课程设置方面的经验与成果值得深思并从中得到启示。     

Individual differences in spatial text processing: High spatial ability can compensate for spatial working memory interference

The present study investigates the relation between spatial ability and visuo-spatial and verbal working memory in spatial text processing. In two experiments, participants listened to a spatial text (Experiments 1 and 2) and a non-spatial text (Experiment 1), at the same time performing a spatial or a verbal concurrent task, or no secondary task. To understand how individuals who differ in spatial ability process spatial text during dual task performance, spatial individual differences were analyzed. The tasks administered were the Vandenberg and Kuse [Vandenberg, S. G., & Kuse, A. R. (1978). Mental rotation, a group test of three-dimensional spatial visualization. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 47, 599-604.] mental rotation test (MRT) and a reading comprehension task (RCT). Individuals with high (HMR) and low (LMR) mental rotation differed in MRT scores but had similar RCT performance. Results showed that the HMR group, in contrast with LMR counterparts, preserved good spatial text recall even when a spatial concurrent task was performed; however, Experiment 2 revealed a modification of spatial concurrent task performance in LMR as well in HMR group. Overall, results suggest that HMR individuals have more spatial resources than LMR individuals, allowing them to compensate for spatial working memory interference, but only to a limited extent, given that the processing of spatial information is still mediated by VSWM.     

论辛亥革命前新军第九镇统制徐绍桢

武昌起义后,新军第九镇率先打响南京城的光复之战,这与第九镇统制徐绍桢的投诚革命是分不开的。徐绍桢作为清政府的统兵之将高举起义大旗,其革命举动并非一时冲动或明哲保身,而与其所受教育与生活经历息息相关,具有必然性。徐绍桢的革命转变,对辛亥革命功不可没。     

当前我国中学作文讲评的弊病及应对策略

作文讲评是中学作文教学的一个重要环节,但当前中学作文讲评却存在着作文讲评目标有偏差、讲评方式单一、课堂讲评由教师主宰等诸多弊病,因此作文讲评效率低下。鉴于此,采取诸如树立全新的作文讲评理念、选择灵活的作文讲评方式、讲评时多给学生表扬与鼓励、课堂以学生参与为主、提高教师的作文素养等应对策略就显得尤其重要,才能不断促进学生更好地发展,使他们真正达到“为文”与“为人”的统一。     

Making the Cyrillic OPAC a Reality

SUMMARY

The steps leading to the development of a Cyrillic OPAC at Queens Borough Public Library are presented by the authors. Issues covered include Cyrillic character display, font requirements, searching strategies, web browser interface development, authority and subject control, promotion, and publicity. The importance of librarian and customer involvement and training are discussed.     

美国公共图书馆理事制度研究——以纽约州为例

认为图书馆理事能够强化凝聚力与向心力、推动工作贯彻落实、提升社会影响力。美国图书馆界对图书馆理事应当履行的职责与义务做出了明确规定,并以纽约州为例,指出图书馆理事应当受到公共图书馆治理法案、教育法案、“公共”机构涉及法案、理事会工作涉及规定、任职图书馆机构出台政策以及职业道德的规范与制约。美国图书馆协会下的图书馆联合协会、纽约州层面的图书馆理事协会及纽约图书馆理事网站为图书馆理事的职业发展提供了交流、培训的平台。以此为借鉴,中国公共图书馆理事会制度的实践探索不应忽视图书馆理事这一特殊队伍群体的建设发展。     

A Model for Quantitatively Analyzing Representations of Social Class in Screen Media

Content analyses of prime-time television provide a picture of predominant cultural stereotypes and social trends. The present research is a quantitative content analysis of social class in popular broadcast and cable television in the United States. This research advances scholarship by systematically analyzing character class in addition to more commonly examined variables such as race and gender. A model for the operationalization of class for quantitative content analyses of mediated texts is offered. This proof of concept study demonstrates the viability of studying media representations of class quantitatively to systematically document patterns of portrayal.     

革命旧址纪念馆馆藏红色文献价值探析——以南昌新四军军部旧址陈列馆为例

以南昌新四军军部旧址陈列馆为例,探讨革命旧址纪念馆馆藏红色文献的史料价值,以期充分发挥红色文献及文物资源在推进和谐社会建设中的积极作用。