有氧耐力运动对小鼠肌肉组织自由基损伤的影响

研究有氧耐力练习对小鼠肌肉组织自由基损伤的影响。方法是测定游泳练习小鼠肌肉组织中的丙二醛(MDA)的生成量和谷胱甘肽过氧化氢酶(GSH PX)活力,同时用急性剧烈运动的小鼠肌肉组织中MDA的生成量和GSH PX的活力作对照。结果表明,经过游泳练习的小鼠比急性剧烈运动的小鼠肌肉组织中MDA显著降低(P<0.05),而两种状况下小鼠骨骼肌与平滑肌组织中GSH PX活性差异有显著性(P<0.05),从而得出结论,有氧耐力练习的小鼠比急性剧烈运动的小鼠肌肉组织中抗自由基损伤的能力增强。     

身体活动的抗氧化作用及其对健康寿命的影响

大量科学研究表明，规律性的身体活动能促进人体健康，延长寿命。身体活动有助于健康寿命的一种可能性机制是，可增加机体的抗氧化能力。本的目的是，综述身体活动、抗氧化剂与健康寿命有关的研究成果。这些研究成果表明，许多抗氧化剂都与死亡率呈负相关。一次性适宜运动可增加一些抗氧化酶和辅酶的活性，经常规律性的身体活动可增强机体抗氧化系统，而急性剧烈运动则会降低机体抗氧化能力。这表明，在身体活动对健康寿命的积极影响方面，抗氧化剂起一种媒介作用。     

对按摩消除运动性疲劳的氧自由基代谢理论的探讨

通过分析氧自由基与运动性疲劳的关系、按摩消除运动性疲劳的作用机制以及按摩与运动后自由基代谢的相关研究成果,提出了按摩消除运动性疲劳的氧自由基代谢理论,旨在为按摩消除运动性疲劳提供理论依据,同时也为运动后的抗氧化损伤提供一种有效的方法。     

A safe place to stay sharp: action learning meets cooperative inquiry in the service of NHS OD capacity building

This is an account of practice. It explores the meeting point between action learning and action research, as a way of doing capacity building in organisational development (OD) in the NHS in the UK. The authors were part of a short cooperative inquiry (Heron, J. 1996. Co-operative Inquiry: Research into the Human Condition. London: Sage). The research found that it was vital in such challenging environments as the current NHS scene to have a ‘safe place to stay sharp.' They outline here what the qualities of such a space might be for themselves, and, following the notion of parallel process (what we experience may be symptomatic of the wider system), for other OD practitioners in the NHS.     

酶辅助法提取大青叶中总黄酮及抗氧化性研究

本论文采用酶辅助法提取大青叶中的总黄酮,先用纤维素酶酶解,再用乙醇回流提取大青叶中总黄酮。分别固定乙醇提取液的浓度为70%,料液比为1∶20g∕mL,回流时间为2h。初步探究了纤维素酶浓度、酶解pH、酶解温度、酶解时间四个单因素对大青叶中黄酮提取率的影响。设计正交实验确定酶辅助法提取大青叶中总黄酮的较佳条件为:纤维素酶浓度为4U/mL、酶解pH=4.5、酶解温度为40℃、酶解时间1.5h,总黄酮提取率高达2.85%。另外还研究了大青叶总黄酮提取液对羟自由基的清除活性,与BHT的抗氧化剂活性作对照实验,结果表明大青叶中的总黄酮对羟自由基有较强的清除活性。     

山菠菜酸乳的研制及抗氧化性研究

以山菠菜、蔗糖、异抗坏血酸钠和β-环状糊精为辅料,利用保加利亚乳杆菌与嗜热链球菌发酵生产新型酸乳。确定最佳工艺参数为：加糖量9%,提取山菠菜汁的料液比1：10,添加量25%。证明了该酸乳具有较好的抗氧化能力：达到50%清除率的酸乳上清液添加量和0.2 mg·mL-1的Vc分别为,羟自由基：1.2 mL和2.0 mL;氧自由基：3.5 mL和0.8 mL;DPPH自由基：1.3 mL和1.8 mL;对于硝酸盐的清除作用则表现明显的低添加量下酸乳提取液优于Vc,而添加量大于2.5 mL时,Vc的效果好些。     

运动锻炼对手机电磁辐射致自由基效应的拮抗影响

为了探讨运动锻炼在污染的生物学效应中所起的作用,将大鼠分成对照组、非锻炼组和锻炼组,进行辐射处理30天后分别测定血清SOD活性和MDA含量.结果表明:运动锻炼对手机电磁辐射的自由基效应具有拮抗作用.     

运动与自由基研究的新进展

随着自由基理论在运动医学领域受到日益关注，运动与自由基研究已成为运动医学界一个重要课题，此领域的研究主要集中于：运动性内源自由基代谢、自由基与运动性疲劳、自由基与运动性肌肉损伤、抗氧化剂在运动训练中的应用以及抗氧化的运动性适应。该文就此领域的进展做一简要综述。     

运动与线粒体

对近年来有关运动与线粒体的研究成果进行了深入分析,综述了不同运动状态下线粒体的呼吸机能、抗氧化能力、膜特性、mtDNA及形态结构等方面的变化,以及大鼠进行长期训练后及补充外源性物质后线粒体机能出现的良好性变化等。     

Oxidative stress and damage induced by abnormal free radical reactions and IgA nephropathy

Objective: To estimate the oxidative stress and oxidative damage induced by abnormal free radical reactions in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients' bodies. Methods: Seventy-two IgA N patients (IgANP) and 72 healthy adult volunteers (HAV) were enrolled in a random control study design, in which the levels of nitric oxide (NO) in plasma, lipoperoxide (LPO) in plasma and in erythrocytes, and vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) and β-carotene (β-CAR) in plasma as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in erythrocytes were determined with spectrophotometric mothods. Results: Compared with the HAV group, the averages of NO in plasma, and LPO in plasma and in erythrocytes in the IgANP group were significantly increased (P＜0.0001), while those ofVC, VE and β-CAR in plasma as well as those of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the IgANP group were significantly decreased (P＜0.0001). Linear correlation analysis showed that with the increase of the values of NO, and LPO in plasma and in erythrocytes, and with the decrease of those ofVC, VE, β-CAR,SOD, CAT and GPX in the IgAN patients, the degree of histological damage of tubulointerstitial regions was increased gradually (P＜0.0001); and that with the prolongation of the duration of disease the values of NO, and LPO in plasma and erythrocytes were increased gradually, while those of VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT and GPX were decreased gradually (P＜0.005). The discriminatory correct rates of the above biochemical parameters reflecting oxidative damage of the IgAN patients were 73.8%-92.5%, and the correct rates for the HAV were 70.0%-91.3% when independent discriminant analysis was used; and the correct rate for the IgAN patients was increased to 98.8%, the correct rate for the HAV was increased to 100% when stepwise discriminant analysis was used. The above biochemical parameters' reliability coefficient (alpha) were used to estimate the oxidative damage of the IgAN patients as 0.8145, the standardized item alpha=0.9730, F=53273.5681, P＜0.0001. Conclusions: A series of free radical chain reactions caused serious pathological aggravation in the IgANP' bodies, thus resulting in oxidative damage in their bodies. In treating IgANP, therefore, it is necessary that suitable dose antioxidants should be supplemented to them so as to alleviate the oxidative damage in their bodies.