Comparing Student Performance and Growth in 2- and 4-Year Institutions

This study examines the organizational characteristics of 51 higher education institutions in relationship to student performance and growth. The study first finds that organizational measures of mission, size, wealth, complexity, and selectivity are statistically represented by the 2-year versus 4-year college mission. Findings indicate that 2-year and 4-year campuses indeed do exert significantly different influences on undergraduate GPA and self-reported intellectual growth. Next, the study uses both OLS regression and HLM to examine these influences. High school percentile rank and college classroom experiences are better predictors of Cum GPA at 4-year institutions, while student effort is a better predictor of GPA at 2-year institutions. Whereas the most important predictors of Cum GPA include precollege measures such as high school percentile rank and SAT score, the most influential predictors of student intellectual growth are campus experiences including classroom vitality, peer support, student effort, commitment, and involvement. Controlling for all other variables, students at 2-year institutions receive higher grades, and students at 4-year campuses experience more growth.     

CuO气敏元件的制备及气敏性能研究

用Cu2O制备CuO气敏元件，对乙醇、汽油、丁烷和氢气等气氛进行气敏试验，并进行机理分析，结果表明，由Cu2O制备的CuO气敏元件，对所测气体的灵敏度优于由CuO制备的气敏元件。     

催化动力学光度法测定痕量钒(V)

研究了在酸性介质中痕量钒催化 H2 O2氧化抗坏学酸体系的反应和动力学条件 ,建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量钒的新方法。该方法的检出限为 0 .0 5 ng/ m L ,线性范围为 0～ 0 .5μg/ 2 5 m L ,该方法用于水样及人发中痕量钒的测定 ,结果令人满意     

The innovative performance of in-house and contracted R&D in terms of patents and utility models

The standard empirical framework for analysing the R&D-patents relationship is widened both by examining the different role of in-house and contracted R&D in the innovative performance of firms, and by considering patents and utility models counts as measures of innovation output. Patents and utility models are considered to approximate for significant and incremental innovations, respectively. Applying count data econometrics to a panel data set of Spanish manufacturing firms surveyed in the period 1990-1996, a transcendental production function is estimated, which allows for non-constant elasticities of the R&D inputs. The results indicate that significant innovations are mainly gestated in-house, whereas contracted R&D seems more orientated towards innovations of incremental nature.     

Turning scientific and technological human capital into economic capital: the experience of biotech start-ups in France

This paper examines how scientific and technological (S&T) human capital is transformed into financial capital through the creation of firms by scientists. The analysis is based on a database describing the positions held by 132 founders from 62 French biotech SMEs. It shows that star scientists engage in highly risky but also valuable firms. Less famous scientists must develop their human capital rather than valorising a stock. The paper concludes by pointing to three paradoxes concerning the commitment and compensation scheme of star scientists and the managerial position of less known scientists.     

基于J2EE平台的分布式运销系统分析与设计

当前许多企业都在异地建立分支机构，它们负责其所在地的各种业务活动，这就不可避免地产生了总部和分支机构之间的信息共享和交互问题。那么如何实现分布于广阔地理范围的分支机构与总部的信息集成就成为企业信息化道路上迫切需要解决的问题之一。本文以我们自行设计和开发的准噶尔能源公司运销管理系统为例来介绍基于J2EE架构的分布式信息系统的分析与设计。     

La掺杂Co-Fe-O纳米磁性材料的制备和表征

以Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,Co(NO3)2·6H2O和La2O3为原料,首先制备出晶粒细小的盐渍化碱式碳酸盐前驱体,在400℃、500℃、600℃、700℃、800℃分别烧结1h,制备出CoFe2O4和LaCo0.4Fe0.6O3纳米磁性材料,并用XRD、SEM和IR对样品进行表征,研究了不同的烧结温度和La掺杂对物相的形成及颗粒大小的影响.     

Commercialization of patents and external financing during the R&D phase

Using a unique database on Swedish patents owned by small firms and individuals, survival models estimate how different factors influence the decision to commercialize the patents. Such an analysis has seemingly never previously been undertaken. Since the owners know more about the patents than potential external financiers, problems related to asymmetrical information are present. To overcome these problems when inventors and small technology-based firms need financing, Sweden has for a long time relied on government support rather than private venture capital firms. The empirical results show that the larger is the share of patent-owners’ costs covered by government financial support during the R&D phase, the lower is the probability of patents being commercialized. This lower degree of commercialization is likely to depend on (1) the soft terms of the government loans, where the patent owner can avoid paying back the loan if the patent is never commercialized and/or (2) that the government is not able to select promising projects. The first explanation is related to moral hazard and the second one to adverse selection. The policy suggestion is for government to change the design of the loans, to base them on firms rather than projects.     

CET4题型设计模式研究——基于任务特征理论的大学英语测试实证探索

任务型语言测试观为大学英语测试（CET）提供了新的理论基础。在Bachman与Palmer的测试任务五特征基础上,创设了新题型设计基本模式,并依据该模式设计新题型对CET4测试进行了初步探索。信度和效度实证检验的结果表明,新题型组的均值虽因主观性试题量的增加而略低于旧题型组,但两者间并无显著性差异。而且新题型还呈现出同期效度值比旧题型高的态势：同时其信度系数也较高且具有显著的统计学意义。     

3,4-二甲氧基苯胺的合成工艺

以藜芦醚为原料,用硝酸在0～5 ℃时硝化得到3,4-二甲氧基硝基苯,然后在混合溶剂(水和乙醇)中,用Fe/HAc将3,4-二甲氧基硝基苯还原成3,4-二甲氧基苯胺.两步反应总收率为91.4%,纯度≥98.0%.