试论戴名世的“文章之道”

戴名世是桐城文派的先驱,他最早提出了桐城派文学的一些观念,如道、法、辞,以古文救时文等。其"文章之道"包含的内容比"圣人之道"要广泛;他关于文章要写"圣人之道"的提法是专为"经义时文"而发的;即使在时文写作领域,戴名世仍希望用他所谓的"文章之道"来改造它,即"以古文为时文"。相对于桐城派后学来说,戴名世的文学思想要开放得多。     

发电设备检修体制改革的思考

阐述了状态检修体制模式,指出了我国现行检修体制的利弊,说明了检修体制改革的必要性,并提出了推行状态检修的建议。     

STM电子治疗仪及其临床应用

STM 中频电子治疗仪是一个获奖产品。它采用随机的音乐信号作为调制信号这一点受到了国内外有关专家的重视。本文首先从理论上分析了用随机信号调幅的无极性指数脉冲串作为治疗波形的特点及使用压控调频技术的优越性,然后用足够的病例说明了该治疗仪的使用方法和治疗效果。不但给出了电极的具体置放方法,而且从中医理论上阐明了所取穴位的原理,使本文能对使用类似治疗仪器的医生有较好的参考价值。最后提出了调治信号类型与治疗疾病的关联问题,这尚有待于进一步地去探讨。     

地理沿革在方志中的地位——论章、戴之争

我国方志撰著的历史非常悠久,到清代达到鼎盛。形成了以戴震为代表的地理派和以章学诚为代表的文献派。二者对地理沿革的地位的迥异,成为二者争论的焦点。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定啤酒新原料—黑米中铁、锰、锌实验方法的研究

本文对啤酒新原料-黑米中的铁、锰、锌以混标法进行了连续测定的实验方法研究,并对脱黑后的米,进行了对照测定,结果令人满意.     

Helping Adult Undergraduates Make the Best Use of Emerging Technologies

Summary

College campuses are faced with an ever-increasing number of adult undergraduates, some of whom are returning to complete degree programs, while others are coming to college for the first time. In order to teach these adult learners effectively, colleges must recognize that they have academic and social needs, as well as life experiences, that are different from those of the traditional-aged undergraduates, and adapt their educational approaches accordingly. Adult students' experiences with and beliefs about libraries and information technology also differ from those of younger students. This must be taken into account when providing library instruction to this population.     

Providing Quality Library Service to the Adult Learner: Views of Students,Faculty, and Administrators

Summary

The adult learner in the academic environment faces some unique problems and challenges. Balancing work, family, and a job are just a few examples. Technological changes in information retrieval and research, and in the use of the library can also magnify the adult learner's problems.

The study targets adult learners at Penn State Erie, The Behrend College. Focus groups and questionnaires are used to gather information from both active and non library users among the adult population: their views about the library environment, library resources, service, instruction, other traditional students, and staff. Perceptions about the adult learner are also obtained through face to face interviews with teaching faculty and administrators. Findings from the study will assist librarians to better understand the needs and expectations of the adult learner, and plan accordingly to meet these demands.     

Assessment of Digitized Library and Archives Materials: A Literature Review

Professional literature about the assessment of digital libraries reflects a growing interest in both improving the user experience and in justifying the creation of digital collections to multiple stakeholders. This article explores some of the key themes in digital library assessment literature through a review of current literature (2004–14) gathered from both scholarly and popular resources online. The majority of scholarship about digital library assessment utilizes usability testing and Web statistics for data collection, while studies about altmetrics, the reuse of digital library materials, cost benefit analysis, and the holistic evaluation of digital libraries are also present in the literature. Exploring the literature about digital library assessment allows libraries to create effective and sustainable evaluation models based on the successes and shortcomings of previously completed projects.     

External Visual Representations in Science Learning: The case of relations among system components

The present paper reports on a study that examined whether practical work can be said to have affective outcomes, and if so in what sense. The term ‘affective’ is used here to refer to the emotions, or feelings, engendered amongst pupils towards school science in general, or one of the sciences in particular. The study is based on 25 multi‐site case studies that employed a condensed fieldwork strategy. Data were collected, using tape‐recorded interviews and observational field notes, in a sample of practical lessons undertaken in English comprehensive (non‐selective) schools during Key Stages 3 and 4 (ages 11–14 years and 15–16 years, respectively). The findings suggest that whilst practical work generates short‐term engagement, it is relatively ineffective in generating motivation to study science post compulsion or longer‐term personal interest in the subject, although it is often claimed to do so. This suggests that those involved with science education need to develop a more realistic understanding of the limitations of practical work in the affective domain.     

Promotion of Reading and Early Literacy Skills in Schools: a comparison of three European countries

This article gives a short overview based on the EU High Level Group of Experts on Literacy (HLWG) report to address issues and challenges in Europe on improving literacy competencies in schools. Furthermore, an analysis is conducted focusing on the promotion of reading and early literacy skills in schools taking into account psychological and institutional learning conditions in three countries (Denmark, Germany, and France) with different outcomes in PIRLS 2011 (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study). Country comparison is conducted using multiple groups – multilevel structural equation modelling (MG-MSEM). An important finding is that policy action taken in order to evaluate and improve school effectiveness in each country must address particular needs of its educational system. Suggestions for improving reading achievement in schools are derived from the analysis.