Elementary school students' motivational profiles across Finnish language,mathematics and science: Longitudinal trajectories,gender differences and STEM aspirations

The present study employed a person-oriented approach to (1) identify elementary school students’ self-concept and intrinsic value profiles across the subjects Finnish language, mathematics and science and to examine (2) the stability and change of these motivational profiles from 2nd to 3rd grade, (3) gender differences in profile membership as well as (4) the relation to students’ STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) occupational aspirations. Based on data from 383 Finnish students (56.7% girls) three profiles were identified: High motivation across all three subjects, low motivation across all subjects, and a math-motivated profile with low motivation in the other two subjects. Latent transition analyses revealed moderate stability, particularly in the high motivation profile. Girls were less likely to be and to remain in the math-motivated profile, but they were more likely than boys to remain in the high motivation profile. The math-motivated profile transition pattern was associated with students’ STEM occupational aspirations.     

浅谈如何调节教师的职业压力

随着国家对教育越来越重视,社会、家长对教师的期望和要求也随之加大。由于各种因素,教师的职业压力越来越大,对教师生理和心理上产生负面影响。因此,要重视和调节教师的职业压力,让教师能以一种积极向上的心态投身到教书育人之中。     

In need of review: Developing Sensory Provision in Northern Ireland’s Mainstream Primary classrooms

The impact of Sensory Processing Difficulties across a range of Special Educational Needs is well researched. More recently, the impact on children’s mental health and well-being, linked with anxiety, depression and self-injurious behaviours, have redirected international research to consider the holistic benefits of sensory provision, for those with special educational provision and the wider classroom population. A SMART SURVEY was designed to collate empirical evidence regarding current sensory awareness and provision in mainstream primary schools throughout Northern Ireland, in a time efficient manner. Out of 809 schools, 164 (20.27%) fully completed the online survey. Findings indicate that Special Educational Needs Coordinator confidence in developing practice, supporting staff and children was limited and impaired by insufficient and inconsistent training opportunities. While healthcare research recommends provision by trained professionals, Occupational Therapy input was limited (n = 34; 24.8%), resulting in practice that could be detrimental rather than beneficial to children’s progress. Respondents identified a need for sensory training for teachers (n = 124; 93.94%) to ensure that the impact of Sensory Processing Difficulties on the holistic development of all children is understood. Pupil voice was undervalued (n = 5; 3.6%). Active involvement of children in the process of evaluation and intervention is recommended to enhance pupil autonomy and well-being.     

我国老年人异地养老动力机制分析?

异地养老是老年人在不改变户籍的情况下,离开原居住地前往其它地方进行养老的方式,老漂族与候鸟老人都是其现实形态。异地养老并不是老年人单纯追求自身享乐的非理性的行为,而是在外在结构因素制约下,综合考虑异地养老成本与收益等经济因素以及子女、自身需求等社会因素而做出的理性选择行为。     

英国、德国、新加坡公务员养老保险制度对我国的启示

纵观英国、德国、新加坡三国的公务员养老保险制度,英国公务员采取以基础养老金、职业养老金和自愿保险相结合的养老保险制度,德国采取国家保障的公务员养老保险制度,新加坡采取中央公积金制度,实行基金积累制。在借鉴发达国家先进经验的同时,我国公务员养老保险制度应该在与城镇职工养老保险制度整合、构建“三支柱”模式、对替代率严格规定、延迟公务员退休年龄等方面进行改进。     

校企共同体背景下职业指导新载体的探索与实践--以友嘉机电学院为例

本文以杭州职业技术学院友嘉机电学院为例,从高职院校职业指导工作存在的问题入手,阐述了第二课堂在职业指导教育中的作用。并从校企合作的角度对职业道德、创业素质、职业规划能力、职业技能、职业素质、身心素质六方面构成的第二课堂的职业指导教育活动体系进行了实践探索。     

论企业年金中企业缴费分配模式的完善

从市场运行的现状来看,企业年金并没有达到预期的规模。究其原因主要是因为企业年金的方案设计并不合理。确定个人账户余额的关键问题是利益分配公式的设计。工资比例法认为,仅按照个人工资为权数分配企业缴费就是最合理的方式,但各项指标过笼统,不能很好地发挥激励作用。个人综合系数法体现了企业年金的激励功能,并考虑了即将退休职工的加速积累补偿问题。综合比例调节法发挥了公平保障功能和激励功能,但是较为繁琐,计算量很大。缴费负担分摊法可以实现缴费额在企业缴费和个人缴费间的分摊,最大限度地发挥了激励功能。要完善企业缴费分配模式必须要合理界定参加人员范围,设定适当的奖罚机制,对特殊贡献和补贴老人建立留存基金制度,并对各项分配因素实行动态管理。     

我国基本养老金精算假设的实证分析

本文就我国现行"统帐结合"基本养老保险模式下个人帐户养老金替代率测算过程中所基于的精算假设之不合适性问题进行了实证分析,推断出这些假设严重高估了投资收益率、低估了退休后的平均余命,从而使个人帐户替代率严重高估.使基本养老金替代率严重高估.为此作者提出了相应的改进建议.     

以需求为导向的新型农村社会养老保险筹资规模测算——基于区域经济发展差异的筹资优化方案设计

随着经济社会发展、家庭结构变化、土地制度改革及劳动力乡城流动,农村传统养老保障功能严重弱化。为了有效满足农村养老需求、推进新农保试点扩面、实现新农保制度长期可持续发展,本文以需求为导向对新型农村社会养老保险筹资规模进行测算与优化研究,运用社会保障精算建模方法构建农村养老需求测算模型和新农保筹资规模测算模型,以陕西省为例对模型进行应用。研究结果表明:由于人口和政策因素,制度初期新农保筹资规模能够较好满足农村居民基本养老需求,而随着农村养老需求增长与老年抚养比加大,现行制度框架下新农保筹资规模难以满足农村居民基本养老需求。根据单一参数和组合参数调整的新农保筹资规模测算分析结果,本文基于区域经济发展差异对筹资方案进行优化设计,并提出增强财政支持力度、加快制度推进,加强缴费补贴激励效果、稳步提升个人缴费率,引入基础养老金变动机制、增强养老金基本保障功能,根据区域经济差异、合理调整筹资模式等相关对策建议。     

企业退休职工养老金制度的分析与模型设计

以2011年全国大学生数学建模竞赛C题为背景,旨在研究企业退休职工养老金制度问题.通过合理的假设和推理,建立了城镇职工的年平均工资增长模型、养老保险基金的目标替代率和收支平衡模型,从中分析出维持收支平衡的影响因素,根据这些因素提出几点有效改革措施.