春季桃花水的处理实践与认识

根据水厂处理桃花水的难题，经过试验研究、分析原因，找出了解决桃花水的处理方法。     

辐照板鸭产生异味的初步研究

采用辐射贮存肉类,剂量较高时会产生辐射异味.研究表明:板鸭辐射味随剂量的增加而加强,当剂量超过5kGy时,即引起较强的辐射味.辐射味主要来源于板鸭肌肉蛋白,特别是其中的水溶性蛋白质部分;辐射味与羰基化合物、挥发性含硫化合物及胺等有关,其含量随剂量的加大而增加.辐射产生了两种新羰基化合物(R_f值分别为0.23和0.28)及一种挥发性胺——丙胺.     

基于网络众包模式的海量历史文献数字化处理方法研究

[目的/意义]针对海量历史文献数字化所面临的文献数量庞大、耗时长、成本过高等问题，本文将众包理念引入传统文献数字化工作中，形成基于网络众包模式的海量历史文献数字化处理方法。[方法/过程]该模式根据历史文献特点，将网络大众自发知识生产模式与专家定向模式相结合，提出了相应的用户激励和质量控制方案，从而保证众包任务的高效率、低成本、质量可控。此外，以粤海关清末历史文献为试点验证众包模式在大规模文献数字化处理工作中的可行性、高效性。[结果/结论]该模式为处理历史文献处理提供了新的思路与方法，且具有广阔的应用前景。     

Analyzing imbalance among homogeneous index servers in a web search system

The performance of parallel query processing in a cluster of index servers is crucial for modern web search systems. In such a scenario, the response time basically depends on the execution time of the slowest server to generate a partial ranked answer. Previous approaches investigate performance issues in this context using simulation, analytical modeling, experimentation, or a combination of them. Nevertheless, these approaches simply assume balanced execution times among homogeneous servers (by uniformly distributing the document collection among them, for instance)—a scenario that we did not observe in our experimentation. On the contrary, we found that even with a balanced distribution of the document collection among index servers, correlations between the frequency of a term in the query log and the size of its corresponding inverted list lead to imbalances in query execution times at these same servers, because these correlations affect disk caching behavior. Further, the relative sizes of the main memory at each server (with regard to disk space usage) and the number of servers participating in the parallel query processing also affect imbalance of local query execution times. These are relevant findings that have not been reported before and that, we understand, are of interest to the research community.     

Motivation for online impulse buying: A two-factor theory perspective

Impulse buying accounts for a large proportion of consumer shopping behavior in the bricks-and-mortar retail market. Online retailers also expect to profit from impulse buying. It is therefore interesting and beneficial to investigate the design elements of online stores and the sales promotion stimuli that e-retailers can use to either arouse consumers’ desire or decrease their self-control to evoke their purchase impulses. This study seeks to explicitly identify the factors associated with online store design and sales promotion stimuli that most affect online impulse buying behavior throughout the consumer decision-making process. Drawing on the two-factor theory, it successfully identifies the hygiene and motivation factors that trigger online impulse buying. The questionnaire responses of 239 valid respondents revealed that most of the hygiene factors are associated with the design of online stores, and all of the motivation factors are forms of sales promotion stimuli that effectively facilitate online impulse buying and present utilitarian or hedonic benefits to consumers. This study also identifies the most effective sales promotion stimuli and offers a comprehensive checklist for Web designers. Moreover, the distribution of motivation and hygiene factors for each stage of the EKB model is uneven, and some stages include only hygiene factors. The findings of this study demonstrate that the triggers of consumers’ online shopping behavior do not always apply to online impulse buying, and have important implications for impulse buying research and practice.     

Extending WHIRL with background knowledge for improved text classification

Intelligent use of the many diverse forms of data available on the Internet requires new tools for managing and manipulating heterogeneous forms of information. This paper uses WHIRL, an extension of relational databases that can manipulate textual data using statistical similarity measures developed by the information retrieval community. We show that although WHIRL is designed for more general similarity-based reasoning tasks, it is competitive with mature systems designed explicitly for inductive classification. In particular, WHIRL is well suited for combining different sources of knowledge in the classification process. We show on a diverse set of tasks that the use of appropriate sets of unlabeled background knowledge often decreases error rates, particularly if the number of examples or the size of the strings in the training set is small. This is especially useful when labeling text is a labor-intensive job and when there is a large amount of information available about a particular problem on the World Wide Web.

Phonological processing and emergent literacy in younger and older preschool children

Phonological awareness, phonological memory, and phonological access to lexical storage play important roles in acquiring literacy. We examined the convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of these phonological processing abilities (PPA) in 389 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the validity of each PPA as separate from general cognitive ability and separate from each other. Multigroup structural equation modeling (SEM) with mean structure demonstrated that older preschoolers have better developed latent PPA than younger preschoolers but that the structure of PPA is equivalent. RAN was found uniquely associated with letter knowledge and text discrimination in younger preschoolers, and PA was found uniquely associated with word reading skills in older preschoolers. Finally, general cognitive ability was only indirectly associated with emergent literacy via PPA. These results highlight the importance of PPA in the early literacy development of English-speaking preschool children.     

使用善锋软件审核加工参考文献的几点思考

善锋软件是编辑审核参考文献的有效工具。本文总结了善锋软件的诸多实用功能:定制参考文献著录内容和著录格式,标记出新、旧参考文献的所有差异并协助编辑纠正各类文字性和格式性差错,提供参考文献原文链接,对参考文献的遗漏、颠倒、重复等问题进行校验,对文内、文后参考文献责任者姓名与序号(出版年份)一致性进行检验等。来源数据的先天质量问题可能导致善锋软件输出结果出现对应的细节性偏差。使用善锋软件时,只要严格执行使用流程,对软件标记出的疑似差错进行原文核查,就可以消除参考文献中的各类差错。     

教务管理中多数据表交叉处理技术探讨

学校的教务管理过程中,经常会涉及到多张数据表之间的数据分析与处理,而且这些表的数据类型也不尽相同。通过Excel的VLOOKUP、ISERROR、IF等多个函数的综合运用、VFP查询操作、数据表格类型转换等方面实现对多数据表的交叉处理。     

求一类偏微分方程解析新解的试探函数法

利用速探函数法,应用到KdV方程和Burgers方程和KdV—Burgers方程化为一个易于求解的代数方程,然后用待定系数法确定相应的常数,可简洁求得一类非线性偏微分方程的精确新解,此方法可望进一步推广用于求解其他非线性偏微分方程。