基于网络课件的标准应用及界定研究

现代远程教育标准对发展网络远程教育、教学起到了规范和指导的作用,但诸多标准尚处于雏形或发展之中,有许多有待研究和解决的问题。该文立足于网络课件制作、编列、播放的全过程,从功能上就相关的一系列标准应用及如何对其界定进行了探讨。     

提升网络学术期刊传播能力的实践与思考

为提升网络学术期刊的传播能力,提高网络学术期刊的发行质量,针对网络学术期刊的特点,围绕其发行与传播环境,并结合对2015年我国SCI收录期刊的实证分析,提出提升网络学术期刊传播能力的对策。网络学术期刊传播能力的提升,需要编辑树立互联网思维,需要建立健全多渠道的发行途径,重视标识符的使用以及重视挖掘语义出版等新出版模式。学术期刊的发展应顺应时代潮流,新元素和新出版模式的使用将成为网络学术期刊发展的必然趋势。     

Reflectors as online extraverts?

Increasingly, online learning is perceived as an effective method of instruction. Much recent educational research has focused on examining the purposes and situations for which online education is best suited. In this paper, students enrolled in two online courses are compared with their peers enrolled in equivalent classroom‐based courses to investigate aspects of the relationship between learning style and mode of delivery. Student satisfaction measures are taken from participants in both modes of delivery and compared with student learning style. Feedback from the ‘Reflector’ learning style demonstrates higher satisfaction levels with the online mode of delivery compared with their matched counterparts following equivalent classroom‐based courses. Therefore, whilst ‘Reflectors’ might be regarded as Introverts in the traditional classroom setting, the additional time for reflection offered by online delivery makes this group more likely to contribute to online discussion, report higher satisfaction levels and generally behave more like online Extraverts.     

Sharing teacher knowledge at scale: teacher inquiry,learning design and the representation of teachers’ practice

Sharing teachers’ professional knowledge remains challenging. Teachers’ development often remains ad hoc or local, and attempts to scale this up have proved problematic. To address this, research in areas such as ‘learning design’ has explored the use of formal representations of practice. This proposes that educational practice can be improved by documenting, sharing and building on what teachers already do. Whilst this has led to some successes, it has not resulted in the widespread transformation of practice. This paper reviews the literature about sharing teacher knowledge. The challenges of scaling up development are then considered in relation to two theories that help explain the challenges: Communities of Practice and Sociomateriality. This analysis is illustrated through case studies in Norway and the UK. These show that teachers already create and share artefacts that represent their pedagogic knowledge. However, they found formal representations, such as learning designs, difficult to work with. The paper concludes that scaling up teacher development using abstract formalisms is unlikely to succeed. Instead, teachers value stories and the materials they already create in their day-to-day practice. It is this intermediate level of representation, between direct experience and formal abstraction, that offers the most promise for sharing practice.     

混合式学习环境下学生网上讨论的成效及影响因素研究

混合式学习能够整合课堂面授学习方式与在线学习方式的优势,被认为是高等教育机构应对未来挑战和实现教育创新的有效而风险较低的策略。以北京大学一门通选课作为研究案例,针对混合式教学环境下学生网上讨论的成效及影响因素进行的实证研究发现：混合式教学中的网上讨论确实可以为教学提供帮助,总体来看,学生在＂知识＂和＂理解＂这两个低阶思维能力方面获得了较大的提高,而在＂分析＂、＂综合＂、＂评价＂等高阶思维能力方面并没有得到普遍的提高;＂讨论话题设置＂和＂个体对网上讨论的态度＂是影响网上讨论成效的最显著因素,＂对讨论的激励机制＂对网上讨论成效也有较大影响。     

我国网络远程课程十年研究综述

网络远程课程,即网络课程与远程课程的合称。自2000年以来,我国网络远程课程研究已走过10年（2000—2009）历程,已有研究在课程内涵、课程设置、课程设计、课程开发、课程建设、课程实施和课程评价等方面都存在不同进展与不足。基于开放本质的整体设计和基于成人特色的学教设计,是课程设计的两大方向;课程开发中课程设计与课程理念、课程设置的研究存在脱节现象;目前课程建设的整体规划、教学设计水平有待提高,优秀资源共享程度较低;课程实施中缺乏实施机制和实效研究,不注重研究成果转化;课程评价则存在评价指标和量化标准上重复研究的情况,评价的目的多为评质定级而不是反馈改进。当前网络远程课程的发展需要具有全程、综合、以“学”为中心的研究视野,树立动态的、学科开放的、学习开放的网络远程课程观,建立专业化的团队,注重试验研究,注重研究成果的及时转化。     

南阳市园林植物灯下昆虫群落结构分析

通过对南阳市园林绿地植物7~8月份诱虫灯下昆虫群落的调查,摸清了其常见的昆虫种类,结果表明：园林绿地植物灯下昆虫群落包括5个目,21科,50种;其中有害虫45种,害虫天敌4种和杂食性昆虫1种.同时,根据害虫的发生数量及对园林绿地植物的危害程度,从群落的角度分析了园林绿地植物害虫的优势种（类）,主要有暗黑鳃金龟、淡剑夜蛾、茶长卷蛾、斜纹夜蛾、土蝽等;从生态功能分类的角度把这些绿地害虫分为植食性昆虫、肉食性昆虫、传粉昆虫、杂食性昆虫4大类,其中这些害虫主要来自于鳞翅目、同翅目、直翅目、鞘翅目、半翅目五个目,为园林绿地植物在群落水平上进行综合治理提供了理论依据.     

关于发展高校公益社团的调研报告——以德州学院为例

高校公益社团是大学生服务社会、奉献爱心的载体。参与社会公益活动对提高大学生的社会责任感和使命感具有重要意义。为全面发展高校公益社团,以德州学院公益社团的组织现状、大学生参与情况以及公益服务活动为例,着重对高校公益社团的发展现状、存在问题进行研究,并在此基础上提出推进高校公益社团发展的具体措施。     

What makes a skilled writer? Working memory and audience awareness during text composition

This study investigated the role of working memory capacity as a factor for individual differences in the ability to compose a text with communicative efficiency based on audience awareness. We analyzed its differential effects on the dynamics of the writing processes, as well as on the content of the finished product. Twenty-five graduate students composed a procedural text explaining how to assemble a model turbine. They were free to consult a documentary source, featuring captioned pictures of turbine parts and assembly steps, at any time. Graphomotor and eye movements were recorded using ‘Eye and Pen’ software with an eye-tracker and digitizing tablet. Results showed that high WM capacity writers used a different strategy to explore the visual source, making longer writing pauses and producing more detailed procedures, and achieved the communicative goal more efficiently, by introducing more reader supports. In conclusion, we discuss the feasibility of audience awareness training.     

An investigation of Taiwan University students' perceptions of online academic help seeking, and their web-based learning self-efficacy

This study was conducted to investigate Taiwan University students' perceptions (including experience, confidence and preference) of online academic help seeking (OAHS) and students' level of web-based learning self-efficacy (WLSE). Two instruments, OAHS questionnaire, consisting of information searching, formal and informal query scales, and WLSE questionnaire, including general and functional scales, were then validated through collecting the responses from 300 university students. Results indicate reciprocal relations between experience, confidence and preference in students' online academic help seeking behaviors. Students' academic help seeking behaviors were related to their general self-efficacy in a web-based course setting. Students' functional WLSE was related to their perceptions of information searching for OAHS. Findings of this study also imply that students' experience of seeking help from informal online channels is prominent when they participate in a web-based course.